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DAWN WIRE SERVICE
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Week Ending : 14 March 1996 Issue : 02/11
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PM : No nuclear test until security threatened
Pakistan capable of meeting Indian challenge: Assef
Islamabad reiterates support for CTBT
Pakistan hopeful of getting FDP status in ASEAN
Outdated law main problem of Pakistan, says US scholar
Minority voters to be included in new rolls
Karachi violence: Law enforcers, armed groups both responsible: AI
UK says no proof sent against Altaf
MQM worker Sherri killed in encounter
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Feudalism stonewalls our economic development
6-point strategy devised for economic uplift: PM
Trade deficit swells to $2.37bn during 8 months
IMF allows gradual cut in tariff
Stocks finish weekend session on subdued note
Investors cover position at lower levels
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Executive vs Judiciary Ardeshir Cowasjee
Razia Bhatti Editorial Column
An indictment and an eye-opener Editorial Column
Going nuclear and beyond M.B. Naqvi
Being grateful to our yobs Ayaz Amir
Well played Karachi Omar Kureishi
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Cricket put on global map, say Cup chiefs
A defective format for the competition
A bang ends in a whimper
Lack of leadership led to Bangalore fiasco
End of road looms for Miandad
The great pressure of expectations
Runs & records but no excitement
Dream Team Update - as at March 14th, 1996
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960311
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PM : No nuclear test until security threatened
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Bureau Report
ISLAMABAD, March 10: Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto said Pakistan will
continue its peaceful nuclear programme and will not conduct a test
unless its survival and territorial integrity is threatened.
Commenting on the reported plans of India to conduct a second nuclear
test, she said it was a matter of concern for Pakistan. Any nuclear
test by India will have serious consequences, she said.
Latest reports suggest that India is not in a hurry, she said, adding
that it was an election year in India as well as in United States. Such
thing are leaked in election years.
She denied that there were chances of war between India and Pakistan.
She said there was a tension between the two countries and it could not
be eased unless the Kashmir was resolved under the resolution of United
Nations.
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960313
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Pakistan capable of meeting Indian challenge: Assef
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Mohammad Malick
ISLAMABAD, Jan 12: Expressing extreme concern at Indias increased
belligerency, Foreign Minister Sardar Assef Ahmed Ali said that, to be
or not to be, wont be the question if India goes ahead with its nuclear
test and the world must understand that if India removes the deliberate
ambiguity surrounding both countries nuclear programmes, then we will be
forced to take similar measures for our protection.
In an interesting choice of words, Sardar Assef for the first time used
the term deliberate ambiguity while referring to Pakistans nuclear
programme. Conceding Indian superiority in conventional weapons, he
said: We cant match them tank for tank or gun for gun...the numbers
are too great. Therefore, we had to develop a peaceful nuclear
programme, and maintained a deliberate ambiguity. India knows, we know
and also the world, that both of us have a certain nuclear capability.
He went on to warn that, we dont want to get involved in a nuclear race
but if India gives up this ambiguity and puts its cards on the table
forcing a show of hand, then we, too, will be forced to do so.
He said Pakistan was extremely concerned at the threats thrown by Delhi.
These concerns, he added, emanated from a series of alarming
developments like the testing and deployment of Prithvi missiles, test
of Agni missile and now the Indian intention of testing a thermo nuclear
hydrogen bomb.
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960308
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Islamabad reiterates support for CTBT
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Hassan Akhtar
ISLAMABAD, March 7: Pakistan reassured the United States of its
principled support for the early conclusion of a truly comprehensive
test ban treaty (CTBT) currently under international negotiations in
Geneva.
A Foreign Office spokesman said in-depth discussions were held on CTBT
with Thomas Graham Jr., special representative of the US president on
arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament.
The spokesman, who was urged by newsmen to answer several questions on
the American media reports about an impending nuclear detonation test by
Pakistan if India carried out its second nuclear test, refused to be
drawn into a detail discussion about it, pointing out that the foreign
ministry had already given its reaction to the American media report.
The spokesman, however, supplemented the earlier official statement
saying: While taking appropriate steps to safeguard its security, I
want to reiterate to you Pakistans principled policy. Firstly, Pakistan
has nuclear capability but has decided at the highest level not to use
it for non-peaceful purposes. Secondly, Pakistan has been in the
vanguard of efforts globally and regionally to achieve the cause of non-
proliferation.
Our many proposals, including the simultaneous signing of the NPT, the
creations of a nuclear-free zone in South Asia, have, however, foundered
because of the Indian negativism. The spokesman further stated: The
developments across the border have further retarded the prospects for
non-proliferation besides (producing) destabilising consequences to
which our statement referred to yesterday.
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960310
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Pakistan hopeful of getting FDP status in ASEAN
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Abul Hasanat
BALI, March 9: Pakistan is hopeful that its request for the status of a
full dialogue partner (FDP) in the Association of South East Asian
Nations (ASEAN) will be fully processed by the mid of this year.
Briefing newsmen here about the outcome of the Prime Ministers visits
to Brunei and Indonesia, the official spokesmen said the secretary-
general of ASEAN, Ajit Singh, had assured them that in view of a very
comprehensive case presented by Islamabad, Pakistans request should
have an easy sailing through different committees for final decision
within the expected time.
India became a sectoral dialogue partner of ASEAN in July 1993 and was
granted the status of FDP in December last. Following that, it
automatically became member of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).
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960311
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Outdated law main problem of Pakistan, says US scholar
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Bureau Report
PESHAWAR, March 10: Michael E. Hartman of University of California and a
Fulbright scholar of the Punjab University , has said Pakistan needs an
independent mechanism for efficient checking of crimes and elimination
of civil rights abuses in society .
Addressing a lecture on Evidence and Criminal Law, organised by the
Human Rights Commission of Pakistan at the Frontier Law College, Mr
Hartman pointed out that the major problem which Pakistan faced today
was the outdated law which was framed by the British 120 years ago just
to protect the white ruling minority of the subcontinent.
He said the Fulbright Commission, US, had allowed him to visit Pakistan
and study its law and justice system. After spending two months
collecting information on the issue, he had arrived at the conclusion
that the organisation of police, courts and the prosecution were the
same as years ago, which had caused many problems for society .He said
the system needed complete overhauling.
My study reveals that the Pakistani people are not corrupt or involved
in inhuman practices by virtue of their culture or nature, but there are
certain other elements which are affecting the lives of various sections
of society. For instance, there are generally two types of
organisations police and the judiciary around which the whole justice
process in this country revolves; whereas in the US we have a very
comprehensive and fool- proof technology to meet modern challenges in
the field of crime and guard against any lapses. We have four levels
police, prosecution/attorneys, Judge and the Jury and every effort is
made to punish only criminals and not innocent people. These four old
institutions work as a check over corrupt practices in relevant
departments and dispense early and good justice to the people, Mr
Hartman added.
Most of the DIGs and other officers I met during my visits to various
parts of Punjab admitted privately to me that they were corrupt because
they have no fear of losing anything the job or promotion and they
cared less about their salary, he said.
Comparing the two societies, Mr Hartman said that in the US, 90 per cent
of the present police officers had been promoted from the rank of
constable, keeping in view their performance and integrity. Here, he
said , a constable had nothing to lose for his wrongdoings except a few
hundred rupees (salary) . Here , promotion to upper grade was not
possible, which made him prone to corrupt practices.
He opined that a corrupt system could be reformed through education.
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960314
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Minority voters to be included in new rolls
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Mahmood Zaman
LAHORE, March 13: The ruling Pakistan Peoples Party is learnt to have
decided to consolidate electoral rolls prepared for the next general
elections by adding the names of voters belonging to the minority
communities.
At the same time it was proposed that efforts should be made to win
support of the main opposition party, the PML(N), by suggesting certain
alternatives to the dual voting right to non-Muslim minorities. The
issue is important and we want to achieve a consensus on it, CEC
members were quoted as saying .
Central committee members suggested that an offer should be made to the
opposition to either accept the proposed electoral reforms package or
lend support to restore the joint electorate system if they were opposed
to the dual voting right to non-Muslim minorities. The committee
members, according to party sources, were confident that the opposition
had a weak case, both politically and constitutionally on the electoral
reforms package and may be left with no choice except to consider the
government offer.
A senior member of the committee said that since the original
constitution stood for joint electorate, the members of the present
legislature, who accepted the leadership of the authors of the
constitution, should logically agree to restore its original provisions.
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960312
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Karachi violence: Law enforcers, armed groups both responsible: AI
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Athar Ali
LONDON, March 11: Amnesty International has apportioned blame for
continued violence in Karachi to both the law enforcement agencies and
the armed opposition groups.
In its latest report, Human Rights Crisis in Karachi, Amnesty
International, which sent a team of researchers to Sindh in December,
urged the government to adopt measures to stop the large-scale human
rights violations which are regularly taking place in Karachi. Its
document reported cases of arbitrary arrests, torture, deaths in
custody, extra-judicial executions, disappearances allegedly committed
by law enforcement personnel and the human rights abuses allegedly
perpetrated by armed opposition groups.
The team visited Karachi at a time when violence was at its worst and
1,800 people were killed in the city in 1995: these included members of
different political parties, law enforcement personnel and apolitical
residents, including women and children.
Among many recommendations made in the report included the one which
lays emphasis on the government to set up independent and impartial
inquiries into every single report of unlawful detention, torture, death
in custody, extra-judicial execution and disappearance, and to ensure
that every member of the law enforcement agencies found responsible for
such human rights violations is brought to justice. Only if the self-
perpetuating cycle of violence, in which human rights abuses continue to
be perpetrated without punishment and in which impunity facilitates
further violations, is broken, people in Karachi can again live in
safety and dignity and enjoy their fundamental rights.
Another aspect that concerns, the AI is the reluctance by ordinary
people to report human rights abuses perpetrated by armed political
groups because of fear for their lives, and their lack of trust in the
law enforcement agencies to protect them.
The report pays tribute to members of the Press who courageously report
ongoing human rights violations and abuses in Pakistan. Many of them
have themselves been victims of violence. Journalists who have published
reports on corrupt practices, on strife within the parties and on
killings in Karachi have been targeted by armed political groups.
In conclusion, Amnesty International has made several recommendations to
the government and to armed opposition groups on the basis of the
concerns expressed in the report.
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960313
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UK says no proof sent against Altaf
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Our Correspondent
LONDON, March 12: The British government has so far not been provided
with any documentary evidence by the government of Pakistan against
Mohajir Qaumi Movement leader Altaf Hussain which might support its
demand for his return to Pakistan to face prosecution.
This was stated by British minister of state at the foreign office
Jeremy Hanley, who visited Pakistan earlier this month.
Mr Hanley told Dawn that during his meeting with Interior Minister
Naseerullah Babar, he was told that he would be provided with
documentary evidence showing Mr Hussains involvement in violence in
Karachi, and that he was directing terrorist activities from his
London headquarters.
The British minister said that as long as he stayed in Pakistan such
material was not handed over to him. Nor has any document been sent to
him since then.
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960312
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MQM worker Sherri killed in encounter
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Ghulam Hasnain
KARACHI, March 11: Mohammad Naeem Sherri, 26, carrying a head money of
Rs five million, died with a companion in what the rangers claimed was
an encounter in Gulshan-i-Iqbal.
Naeem Sherri, who had eluded the security forces for umpteenth time
during the last many months and figured regularly in official versions
of the violent incidents in the city, was allegedly required by the law
enforcement agencies in a host of major cases of terrorism in which an
unspecified numbers of people had perished.
The house which was raided by the rangers had been rented out to the
family of Amjad Beg who also died with Sherri.
The deaths of two top party workers visibly shocked the MQM leaders. He
(Naeem Sherri) was our national hero. They killed our hero, former
minister Tariq Javed said.
A rangers handout said Naeem Sherri died in the encounter with them in
the early hours of Monday around 2am. Rangers, acting on information,
carried out a raid at a house in Gulshan-i-Iqbal where Naeem Sherri was
hiding. He opened fire with a mouser, resulting in bullet injuries to an
officer, two inspectors and a sepoy of rangers. In retaliation by the
rangers, Sherri, with one of his accomplices, was killed on the spot,
the handout said.
However, inquiries made by Dawn showed that the rangers killed Naeem
Sherri as he tried to hide himself behind a television trolley during
the raid. He was hit by many G-3 bullets fired from a distance of just
few feet, doctors said.
Three people, including two MQM men, died in three different encounters
in the city on Wednesday, the rangers and police said.
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960309
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Feudalism stonewalls our economic development
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Jafar Wafa
IT IS common knowledge now that, according to a foreign NGO, Pakistan
ranks third among the top-most corrupt countries, with China blazing the
trail and Indonesia closely behind. But what baffles economists is the
fact that, apart from being an Asian country by geographical accident,
there is nothing in common, politically and economically, between
Pakistan and the two leading lights.
Ours is supposed to be a democracy of the Western model, in contrast
with a totalitarian China and authoritarian, controlled democracy of
Indonesia. Indonesia, which had been under military rule from mid-1960,
had adopted a constitution that assigns a special role for the army in
political affairs. Thus, corruption in China and Indonesia, despite
their economic prosperity, can be blamed on their autocratic and
authoritarian systems of government where the bureaucracy and the ruling
clique have all the powers concentrated in their hands and are
accountable to no one, let alone the people and their true
representatives. But why is corruption rampant in Pakistan inspite of an
Islamic Republican polity being firmly in place? We will find the answer
when economic factors are analysed in what follows.
Economically, China has set a global record of fast and sustained
growth, at an average always of 10 per cent annually for the last 15
years or more. It is destined to occupy the top slot as an economic
power outstripping the United States and Japan. There has been a
consistent growth of nearly 7 per cent annum in Indonesia, which is
likely to emerge as the second largest economy in Southeast Asia, full
tiger among the present cubs. As for Pakistan, it is not even listed, by
the Economist of London at least, as an emerging market. Our country
is such a nonentity that Asia Week, its special anniversary issue of
December 95, does not name Pakistan even in the 88-country list of tea
consumption rating although we must have been consuming many times more
tea than Israel, Oman, and Nepal. It appears, the world media still
treat us as a part of historical India, though we only belong, like
Nepal, to the same sub-continent as India. What our embassies and
consulates do in off-shore chanceries to introduce to the media the
country they represent is a question every one asks except, perhaps,
those who run the country.
When privatisation came to be recognised as the most effective recipe
for economic health, China plunged headlong in the stream of
privatisation despite the governments totalitarian trait, palming off
the unmanageable and loss-making units into private hands, local and
foreign, thereby reducing the share of state-controlled industries from
100 to a mere 40 in a decade and a half. Similarly, in Indonesia the
process of privatisation, with or without transparency, is in high gear.
It has recovered from the initial setbacks, as in the case of the
national Telephone Dept, or Telecom, which is the fifth largest state
undertaking with an annual gross revenue of $1.9 billion. Jakarta has
now sold 19% of Telecoms shares, although at 25 per cent less than the
original offer price. How many of our sick or healthy state-run
enterprises has our government been able to self off even with
controversial transparency, is not a well-guarded secret. He too have,
of course, sold 26 per cent shares of the Telecommunication Corporation,
but in an allegedly questionable manner, giving out inflated figures
regarding the number of telephone lines in the network and its net
revenue, with the result that these shares are being re-sold at an
appreciable discount. Another instance of our objectionable conduct is
furnished by our Privatisation Commissions backing off from disposing
of UBL at the first resistance from prospective buyers thereby giving a
red signal to other buyers who may be thinking of bidding for other
state-owned enterprises. Thanks to the good sense of the Cabinet
Committee on Privatisation, its intervention has repaired the damage
done.
Foreign economists who have been watching the astounding phenomenon
economic miracle in Southeast Asia with awe and admiration, have
finally concluded that this economic boom has not come directly on the
heels of accelerated tempo of exports and rapid pace of
industrialisation. Such a process, through which the West has passed,
takes a far longer time for the kind of long leap the Southeast Asians
have taken in so short a period. It is begin realised that, in fact, the
boom began with reform on the farmland in the neglected country side,
launched through revolutionary land reform measures and by introduction
of new technology to boost agricultural productivity and thereby disrupt
the whole lot of peasants and farmers who constitute the bulk of every
Asian countrys population.
The land reform came in Japan after the nemesis of World War Two, which
increased the farmers income substantially. The same thing happened in
Taiwan and Korea where rural prosperity provided a big market for
consumer goods at home before the expanding industries could find
surpluses for exporting abroad. In China, private farms were allowed to
be set-up experimentally. These farm plots proved to be model farms
leaving the commune farms far behind in yield and quality of product.
In Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia the palm tree growers and rubber
planters turned into exporters and entrepreneurs. Coming nearer home,
one finds the same thing happening across the eastern borer. India
abolished absentee land lordism, Zamindari and Talukadari, relics of
Mughal imperialism, which were purposely perpetuated by the British lest
the multitude of rural masses awake and turned resourceful enough to
imperil the colonial rule. According to the latest estimate of
international agencies, 200 million people in India (one-and-a half
times the total population of Pakistan) who have shifted from villages
to urban centres, with their roots still in villages, constitute a
thriving middle class capable of buying consumer goods and electronic
gadgets made in abundance locally in the country, beckoning to the
industrialised nations for investment in India to cater to the demands
of the burgeoning new well-to-do class for more sophisticated products.
The benefit of land reform in India is not reflected only in the
emergence of a fairly prosperous and politically conscious middle class
but also in the phenomenal progress achieved on the farm. For instance,
although only about 15 per cent of the agricultural land in India is
irrigated, against 65 per cent in our country, the cereal yield per
hectare in the former stands at about 3,000 tonnes against a little less
than 2,000 tonnes in the latter. Consequently, whereas Pakistan has been
importing 2 million tonnes of wheat, at an average per year lately,
India has a small exportable surplus of wheat after feeding seven times
more mouths.
Ours is still a feudal state, an anachronism in the dying years of the
present century, with 70 of population living in villages, poor and
politically powerless, eking out a living as serfs and bondsmen of the
feudal lords. The latter, instead of caring for their vast landed
estates and increasing farm production, are holding the reins of
government. So what check on the extravagance and corruption of the
rulers can such a mute majority exercise? Herein lies not only the
answer to the unchecked corruption in Pakistan despite its democracy,
but also the clue to the countrys economic backwardness.
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960309
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6-point strategy devised for economic uplift: PM
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JAKARTA, March 8: Information, business and trade are the most
critical elements of the integration of the world community, as we
approach the new millennium, prime minister Benazir Bhutto said.
To cope up with the new realities, she announced that her government has
devised and is implementing a befitting six-point strategy for
Pakistans economic development.
She said this while addressing the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and
Industries.
The prime minister said: We move into a new economic and political era
where the global community and the global economy are onethey are
linked intrinsically, and will rise and fall together.
Elaborating the six-point strategy, She said, we have to put in place a
programme for macro-economic stabilisation so that investors can predict
interest rates, and relative prices with a degree of certainty.
Secondly, she said, the PPP government has had a long-standing
commitment to alleviating poverty in Pakistan. I feel gratified that we
have been able to translate that commitment into a Social Action
Programme that aims to arm the poor with good health and education. This
will upgrade our labour force, will promote equity and will lead to
gainful employment, she said.
Thirdly, the she said, we in Pakistan firmly believe that the engine of
future economic growth is in the private sector. We have put in place a
privatisation package that creates a highly favourable investment
climate.
Fourthly, we are conscious that downstream investment and manufacturing
potential can be realised only through adequate infrastructure.
Therefore, we have put in place an energy plan which has brought in
foreign investment in power generation. The telecommunications sector
has seen heavy investment too.
Fifthly, although we are firmly committed to pursuing rapid economic
growth, we are careful that this does not come at the cost of the
quality of air that we breathe or water that we drink.
For too long in the past, she said, Pakistan pursued a trade policy that
sought to protect local markets from international competition. In the
recent years, there has been a sea-change in our thinking and we have
systematically brought down the protective walls that surrounded our
economy, she said.
The premier said, through ongoing reforms of the tariff-structure,
customs, administration, export finance and strengthening of our
international communications network, we are encouraging Pakistani
manufacturers and producers to find their place in the international
market.
Private investment now has full legal and constitutional cover under the
Foreign Private Investment (Promotion and Protection) Act which enjoys
the support of all political parties.
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960312
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Trade deficit swells to $2.37bn during 8 months
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Staff Reporter
KARACHI, March 11: Pakistans trade deficit swelled to $2.37 billion in
the last eight months as against $1.37 billion loss suffered in the
international trade during July 1995 to February 1996.
Official trade figures released by the Federal Bureau of Statistics
showed total export earnings of $5.05 billion in the last eight months.
This reflects an increase of 2.20 per cent over $4.96 billion earned
during same period of 1994-95.
In sharp contrast to this insignificant rise in export earnings, the
import bill swelled by almost 18 per cent in dollar terms and over 26
per cent in rupee value during the period under review.
In terms of hard cash, imports were worth $7.42 billion during July 1995
to February 1996 period, as against $6.30 billion imports during the
same period of 1994-95.
A worrying feature of the bulging import bill is the persisting downward
trend of machinery and capital goods inflow for the second consecutive
month, indicating a slowdown of investment in the country.
Machinery import had come down to $193.44 million in January 1996 and
went further down to $161.91 million in February. Import of machinery in
February 1995 was worth $224.21 million.
On export side, cotton showed phenomenal growth because its export in
1994-95 was insignificant. The cotton exports, during this term fetched
$341.93 million.
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960314
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IMF allows gradual cut in tariff
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Mohammad Ilyas
ISLAMABAD, March 13: The International Monetary Fund has allowed the
Government of Pakistan to stagger the reduction of tariffs from 65 per
cent to 35 per cent over a number of years instead of during the next
financial year, Dr A.R. Kemal, Chief Economist, Planning Commission
disclosed.
He also stated that henceforth the Planning Commission would not remain
content with processing and appraising projects but would also pursue
the implementation with the executing ministries.
The drastic reduction of import dues and slashing down of items on
restricted list from 800 to 100 had not produced any positive effect on
industrialisation in Pakistan, Dr Kemal observed. In spite of this
knowledge, he remarked, the World Bank and International Monetary Fund
put pressure on the Government of Pakistan to reduce the duty.
While the industries which have no comparative advantage and are
inefficient could not withstand the reduced protection, those industries
which need three to five years to become viable, needed time to adjust
with reduced duty rates on imports. It was, however, after the lowered
tariffs began to hit such industries, the two Brettonwoods institutions
had now demurred and advised the GOP to reduce these to 35 per cent
gradually.
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960308
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Stocks finish weekend session on subdued note
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Commerce Reporter
KARACHI, March 7: Stocks finished the weekend session on a subdued note
as investors were not inclined to take new positions in the absence of
new guiding factors.
The Karachi Stock Exchange luckily did not break the 1,700-point barrier
but stood at the edge of it and could move both ways after trading
resumes next week.
The 100-share index was last quoted at 1,700.70 as compared to 1,712.95
a day earlier, reflecting the weakness of the base shares.
Although selling covered the entire list, it never assumed an alarming
proportions as there were buyers at the dips, notably on blue chips
counters.
But persistent decline in prices of some of the most outstanding issues
in the energy sector despite news of higher interim earnings worried
some of the genuine investors.
After steep rise during the last two weeks, both PSO and Shell, the two
selling giants of the petroleum products, are under tremendous pressure
and have lost substantial ground in the process.
Analysts said investors are divided over the direction of the market
during the next week and feared that the World Cup matches could take
steam out of it at least for the near-term.
Most of them predicted that the index could breach the 1,700- point
barrier next week but will recover depending on the performance of the
Pakistan team in the World Cup matches.
But most of the blue chips remained under selling and ended with clipped
gains under the lead of Abbott Lab, Dawood Hercules, ICI Pakistan and
PIC, falling by Rs 1.25 to 10.
Bank shares generally fell under the lead of Citicorp, Crescent Bank,
Islamic Bank and some others as investors were not inclined to hold on
to their positions.
They were followed by Cement shares, which also fell where changed on
renewed profit-taking, major losers among them being Cherat and D.G.Khan
Cement. Fazal Textiles, Gadoon Textiles led the list of major losers in
the textile sector and Dewan Sugar in the sugar group.
The market was, however, not without some special features as a good
number of leading shares managed to show fresh good gains under the lead
of 4th ICP, Al-Noor Modaraba and Reliance Insurance, rising by Rs 1.50
to 10.
The other good gainers were led by Atlas Lease, Fazal Textiles, Adamjee
Insurance, Crescent Steel, International Industries, Philips, BOC
Pakistan and Honda Atlas. Bata Pakistan also rose modestly after the
announcement of an interim dividend at the rate of 10 per cent.
PTC vouchers again topped the list of actives, easy 25 paisa on 12.571m
shares, followed by Hub-Power, lower 30 paisa on 9.084m shares, Lucky
Cement, down 15 paisa on 0.1.520m shares, Fauji Fertiliser, up 50 paisa
on 1.198m shares, ICI Pakistan, down Rs 1.25 on 0.469m shares, Sui
Northern, off 50 paisa on 0.245m shares, LTV Modaraba, easy five paisa
on 0.211 m shares and Bank of Punjab, off 35 paisa on 0.182 m shares.
There were some other notable deals also. Trading volume fell further to
28.2456m shares from the previous 29.043m shares owing to weekend
considerations.
There were 348 actives, out of which 207 shares suffered fall, while 68
rose, with 62 holding on to the last levels.
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960314
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Investors cover position at lower levels
-------------------------------------------------------------------
By Our Commerce Reporter
KARACHI, March 13: Stocks turned in a mixed performance as investors
covered positions at the lower levels but the rally was inconclusive
owing partly to MQMs protest call against the killing of one of its
activists.
The broader market, however, showed signs of distinct recovery as most
of the base shares managed to put on good recoveries, lifting the index
by 13.61 points.
The KSE 100-share index was last quoted at 1,638.26 as compared to
1,624.65 a day earlier.
There is a perception and shared by many that the market was now well on
the road to recovery, although it will not come with a bang but will be
progressive.
The market will have been in real trouble had it breached the barrier
of 1,600 points but luckily it did not allow bulls to play their role,
said a leading analyst.
He said revival of demand at the lower levels, notably in the bank
sector has raised hope that investors are back in the rings and may stay
there as warranted by technical factors.
Some of the leading shares, which recovered sharply on strong support at
the lower levels were led by 9th ICP, Al-Faysal Bank, Faysal Bank, and
Bank Al-Habib, which showed gains ranging from Rs 2.25 to 4.45, the
biggest rise being in the last named bank share.
The Askari General Insurance, which came on the board on Tuesday,
maintained its upward drive on strong support and was quoted further
higher by Rs 4 on a volume of well over 0.171m shares.
Adamjee Insurance also came in for active short-covering at the lower
levels owing to last three days sell-off and was quoted higher by Rs
3.50.
Dewan Salman rose for the second on belated reaction to the setting of a
PTA plant by 1997 at a cost of $400 million.
After having lost sharply during the last three days, energy shares came
in modest short-covering and rose under the lead of PSO, Genertech
Pakistan, and Sui Northern and so did cement scripts, major gainers
among them being D.G.Khan Cement and some others.
Most of the MNCs, however, remained under pressure in the absence of
strong foreign buying and ended further lower under the lead of Dawood
Hercules, Hoechst Pakistan, Sandoz Pakistan, Brooke Bond Pakistan and
Nestle Milkpak, falling by Rs 2 to 5.
But the biggest decline was noted in Telecard, which fell by Rs 10 as
buyers were not inclined to pick its shares owing to inflated levels.
Among the locals, which fell sharply PILCORP, Atlas Bank, Metropolitan
Bank, Bannu Woollen, and Sapphire Textiles were leading, falling by one
rupee to Rs4.
PTC shares were heavily traded, steady five paisa on 14.888 million
shares followed by Hub-Power, lower 15 paisa on 10.788m shares, Dhan
Fibre, up 15 paisa on 1.765m shares, Lucky cement, higher 40 paisa on
0.987m shares, ICI Pakistan, steady 15 paisa on 0.606m shares Fauji
Fertiliser, up 25 paisa on 0.391 shares, and LTV Modaraba, unchanged on
0.109m shares.
Trading volume rose to 32.099m shares from 24.933m shares a day earlier
thanks to active trading in current favourites.
There were 334 active, out of which 153 actives, out of which 153 shares
fell, while 110 rose, with 71 holding on to the last levels.
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960308
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Executive vs Judiciary
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Ardeshir Cowasjee
THE conflict is age-old, and in countries such as ours is destined to
endure. Over-populated by illiterates (increasing at a growth rate of
over 3.5 per cent per year) who are paid to vote in their leaders with
their feet by ticking a symbol, or threatened with reprisals if they do
not, there is no foreseeable solution.
We are ruled by an undemocratic political party which not once in its
life span of a quarter century has felt sufficiently secure to even rig
an in-house leadership election. Two pillars of the state, the
legislature and the executive, are riddled with corruption, politics has
been criminalised and has destroyed all the democratic institutions left
to us by the Raj and those which we have vainly tried to build up. The
third pillar, the judiciary, is now politicised as never before. Divided
from within, it needs the support of the fourth, the Press, which must,
in these times of dire straits, tell the people of the true facts and
build up public opinion to strengthen those endeavouring to save our
judiciary and help it gain its independence from the tyranny of the
executive.
The hearing of Rais-ul-Mujahideen Habibul Wahabul Khairis writ
petition, the 1995 Judges Case, which commenced on November 5 in
Islamabad, was resumed in Karachi on March 3. The legal lights of the
Potohar Plateau descended upon the sandy plains of Sindh. For four days
I had the pleasure of sitting in between my friend and counsel, Jadoogar
of Jeddah Sharifuddin Pirzada, former attorney-general, consistent
ardent defender of all PPP governments, Yahya Bakhtiar. I reminded the
two gentlemen that both have now reached a stage where it is more
important for them to dwell on what good they can leave behind for
posterity rather than on how they can further adversely affect us in
their chase for transient glory.
On the first day, Cambridge Chaudhry Senator Aitzaz Ahsan, defender of
the government, lucidly rounded off his arguments begun in Islamabad
last month. He respectfully put it to Chief Justice Sajjad Ali Shah and
Justices Ajmal Mian, Fazle Ilahi, Manzoor Hussain Sial and Mir Hazar
Khan Khoso, that the word consultation means neither consent nor
consensus. His point is that if the President (prompted, of course, by
the Prime Minister) decides to appoint, say, an Oxford Chaudhry as the
Chief Justice of Pakistan, and if the retiring chief justice, for good
reason, says no, a meaningful consultation has taken place and the
Oxonian can thus be appointed. As for qualifications for this position
at the pinnacle of our judiciary, if a man has simply been enrolled as a
high court advocate for a period of 10 years, even if he has not
practised at the Bar during that period, he qualifies. The Chaudhrys
closing arguments were easily understood and were heard until the judges
rose for the mid-morning recess.
The President of the Supreme Court Bar Association (on court notice), my
friend Akram Shaikh, then took over, using arguments as weighty and as
substantial as he himself is. This was the first time I had heard him
argue in court. He had clearly done his homework and with great clarity
presented an account of how judicial appointments have been made and
how, when they have been made departing from the conventional norm of
seniority and suitability, there has been great resentment in the
judiciary itself and amongst the members of the Bar.
Akram also replied to a somewhat puzzling proposition raised by Aitzaz
in his earlier arguments. According to the senator, once a man takes an
oath, no matter how undesirable and politically partisan he may be, he
is miraculously and immediately transformed into a benign, objective,
apolitical human being. This, said Akram (of course in courtly and
judicial language) was utter rot. No mans character undergoes a
whitewash merely by him swearing an oath, and no oath can change the
public perception of that man built up over the years.
Countering Aitzaz, Akram said that were the sole qualification needed to
be a judge a 10-year period of enrolment as a high court advocate, and
were a sworn an oath capable of converting a bounder into an angel,
then, as recently contemplated by Ms Bhutto, she could justifiably
appoint Jehangir Badr as her chief justice of Pakistan.
Akram finished off by requesting their Lordships to plug all holes,
end the controversy now plaguing the judiciary, and settle for all times
to come the matter of the appointment of judges. He expressed the Bars
regret at the pressures exerted by the federal government on the Chief
Justice during the hearing of the case and gave his assurance of the
Bars full support to the court in its hour of test and trial.
Akram was followed by Dr Riazul Hassan Gilani, a former Deputy Attorney-
General, now representing the Lahore High Court Bar Association (also on
court notice), who enlightened the court on the Islamic aspect. He took
just over a day, speaking in fluent Urdu, to make one significant point.
As far as Islam is concerned, the chief justice is supreme and his word
is the law of the land. The others are of little or no relevance.
At the end of the Doctors enlightening lecture, the executives senior
defending counsel, Yahya, asked me if I had understood it all. As much
as you have, I replied. There is no risk of Yahya trying to rebut any
of the irrefutable Islamic points of reference.
The weaver of magic spells then took the floor, the Jadoogar of Jeddah
rose in his role as the senior-most amicus curiae, and to an appreciable
extent commenced to redeem himself. The courtroom was full. Without
doubt, he is a master of the history of the law and of the constitutions
of the subcontinent, and of his country in particular with much of the
making of which he has been involved. He confesses that any wrong he may
have done was done under the prevailing circumstances in the larger
national interest. But now, to his credit, he admitted: The despotic
regimes and some of the democratic governments by their actions and
deeds have impaired the independence of the judiciary. But two or more
wrongs do not make one right. The independence of the judiciary must now
be preserved and protected.
Time being of the essence, (Justice Sials last working day before his
retirement on March 20), Sharifuddin followed the process taught to
Mohammed Ali Jinnah by John Molesworth Macpherson and handed over to the
judges a brief on the points upon which he would elaborate.
He touched the very source, the report of the committee formed in 1945,
in undivided India, to formulate the future constitutions of the
subcontinent, headed by that eminent jurist Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and
with Justice Jaykar of the federal court of India (later to sit on the
Privy Council in England) as a member. The committee visualised a
parliamentary form of government being introduced, with the judiciary
being subjected to tremendous political pressures, and thus realised the
absolute necessity of ensuring its independence under all foreseeable
circumstances. Acknowledging that the president would either have to act
in his own discretion, or as advised by the prime minister and the
cabinet, or perhaps by others, the committee concluded that as far as
the judiciary was concerned, the president should and must be guided by
the advice of the chief justice of the country.
The recommendations formulated by the Sapru Committee concerning the
appointment of judges of the supreme and high courts were bodily lifted
by the framers of the 1949 Indian constitution and of Pakistans 1956
Constitution and the same provisions have been incorporated in our
subsequent Constitutions, including that of 1973.
Sharifuddin quoted Winston Churchill: The independence of the judiciary
from the executive is the prime defence against tyranny. And Lord Lane,
a chief justice of England: You can have the best law, perfectly
drafted, but if it is administered by a bad judge it is useless. And
Palkhiwala of India: You must have courts of law as watch-dogs of
freedom and not poodles of the party in power. And our own Shafiur
Rahman: it is a misfortune that our Constitutions have not evoked that
commitment, respect, regard and attention from the constitutional
authorities and statutory functionaries which they deserve. Our
constitutions have been abrogated, held in abeyance for periods longer
than promised and have been massively deviated from.
Sharifuddin has made an impressive start. He was on his feet when the
court rose on Wednesday afternoon and will continue on Sunday morning.
Attorney-General Qazi Jameel, who turned up on the third day, asked me
who I was representing. The people of Pakistan, I told him. His view
was that it was he who was representing the sovereign people of
Pakistan. But he knows that we know that he serves only the people who
reside in the prime ministerial palace on the hill in Islamabad.
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960313
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Razia Bhatti
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Editorial Column
RAZIA BHATTI is no more. In her death Pakistan has lost one of the most
courageous journalists who wielded her powerful pen to uphold truth and
oppose all forms of suppression of basic freedoms. Her life-long mission
and commitment was to fight for justice in a country which has "bartered
away the promise of its birth", to use her own words from an editorial
comment which appeared in the first issue of Newsline which she edited
with fine professionalism until the day of her death. Razia was from the
younger generation of journalists who entered the profession at a time
in the sixties when the infamous Press and Publications Ordinance ruled
the roost. Yet, she was not the one to be overawed or intimidated easily
by the prevailing odds, and developed a style of writing at once
powerful and perceptive.
Later when she became editor herself (of Herald) Razia showed creativity
and drive in laying down a new format for the magazine, focusing on the
burning issues and concerns of the day, and in making it a new and
powerful voice in periodical journalism. In the process, she often
encountered obstacles but remained steadfast and uncompromising in her
approach and spirit. After a twelve-year eventful stint at the Herald,
she founded a new magazine Newsline which established her journalistic
skills and courage beyond doubt. Razia Bhatti's crusading spirit was
widely recognised. She won the International Women's Media Foundation
Award for "courage in journalism" in 1994. Even after this when unwise
rulers tried to browbeat her, she fought back bravely and won. In the
process, the cause of Press freedom was advanced one more crucial step.
What stands out as her most significant contribution to journalism in
Pakistan, apart from her exceptional courage, was her professional
approach to issues. This involved for her and for her team of dedicated
colleagues consistent hard work, meticulous planning and proper
selection of topics she wanted to write about or have written on for her
paper. While she took an avid interest in political issues, her concern
was equally strong to promote justice in every walk of life. Hence
issues such as literacy, population, education, health, women, crime,
violence and the like found a place in her magazine. Not many editors
thought it worth their while to do features on the dacoits in Sindh (to
the extent of getting them interviewed in their hideouts) or
investigative stories on the narcotics trade which won her the Folio
Asian Magazine Publishing Award (Singapore) in 1987. Razia made her
mark in the annals of Pakistani journalism and the trail she has blazed
will doubtless show the way to many young and aspiring journalists.
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960312
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An indictment and an eye-opener
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Editorial Column
THE Human Rights Commission of Pakistan has done a good job by taking
note of the deplorable state of education in this country. The HRCP's
annual report points out a number of shocking lapses in this sector
which should put all of us to shame. The fact which is not always duly
recognised is that corruption and apathy, especially in the primary
education sector, rob our children of their birthright. This is
supported by statistical data in the HRCP report. Only 28 per cent of
the girls and 53 per cent of the boys are enrolled in school. Out of
these 70 per cent of the girls and 50 per cent of the boys drop out
before completing primary schooling. Small wonder that Pakistan's
literacy rate is a measly 36 per cent, one of the lowest in the world.
The most dismal aspect of the primary education sector in this country
is the government's appalling neglect of its basic responsibility of
educating the child. It has increasingly been left to the private sector
to set up schools to educate our children, which it does largely for a
profit. According to the HRCP, there are 10 to 15 private schools for
every government school in a number of towns and cities. But what also
needs to be emphasised is that the private sector is not interested in
operating in the rural areas where 68 per cent of the population lives.
Ironically, the government institutions which are required to meet the
bulk of the primary education need of the people are the victims of
neglect, corruption and indifference. Thus, 38,000 primary schools are
said to be without buildings, 50,000 have no boundary walls, 46,000 have
no water and 60,000 have no toilets.
The government's professed commitment to education notwithstanding it
has failed to promote this sector significantly. The education budget
has no doubt been enhanced. From Rs. 2.2 billion in 1985-86 the
education development budget shot up to Rs 7.5 billion in 1994-95. The
total expenditure on education is today 2.4 per cent of the GNP when it
was 1.8 per cent ten years ago. But this increase in allocations is not
making a corresponding impact on the quality of education, the number of
institutions being opened and the enrolment ratio. Why? Partly because
of the corruption and rot that have made deep inroads into education,
and partly because of a general apathy towards this key sector of our
national life. The HRCP reports confirm this trend. It informs the
readers that a sizable number of schools in the rural areas (500 or so
in Sindh) are being used as godowns or private guest houses. In Punjab,
the World Bank's loan for 3,600 schools was used for building only 19
schools. And, of course, it might be added here that the phantom schools
which exist only in the records of the education department are not too
rare a phenomenon in Pakistan either.
What then needs to be done? Apart from the numerous recommendations made
by the HRCP, the key issue is that of eliminating corruption and making
an honest and sensible use of the finances available for education. This
can only be ensured if an awareness is created among the people about
their children's birthright to education. In this way they can
themselves be encouraged to act as pressure groups and demand schools
for their children and act as watchdogs in relation to the performance
of the schools in the public sector. There is also the need to bring the
monitoring of schools to the grassroots level.
For this purpose, it is important to set up parents-teachers committees
(which, incidentally, are provided for under the law). These could also
coopt non-parents as members who are public-spirited people and are
willing and are able to help check irregularities in the education
sector.
There is also need to reactivate the directorates of schools to get them
to perform their basic function of inspection of institutions. They no
longer appear to be doing that. If the government feels that schools no
longer need to be inspected, they might as well be disbanded, so that
the money spent on maintaining teams of school inspectors is put to some
productive use.
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960309
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Going nuclear and beyond
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M.B. Naqvi
THE chances are that Pakistan may not opt to sign the CTBT or NPT, and
also the expected Convention envisaging the stoppage of the production
of fissile material. Although there is a pressure from hardliners for
declaring the country a nuclear weapons state after assembling and
exploding the nuclear device, it is uncertain whether such a step would
in fact be taken anytime soon. A note of caution seems to be in order.
Perhaps there has been a hush-hush kind of understanding or ditente,
albeit still informal, between Indian and Pakistani hardliners who had
been paradoxically brought together by Americans in their non-
proliferation pursuit. The understanding appears to be based on mutual
recognition of each other as a responsible nuclear state which will
commit itself to building an American-Russian style ditente over nuclear
matters, with talks and agreements over various measures of mutually
balanced disarmament and force reductions.
It is not certain as to where the idea originated, though a few Indian
hardliners are known to have been proposing it during the last four or
five years. The American attitude is not one of either shock or
disbelief; indeed the two otherwise hostile and hawkish sets of
individuals have certainly been coming closer to each other on this
particular subject, while hostile stances continue over other major
questions. The putative strategy appears to be to present a joint Indo-
Pakistan demarche on the Americans for a kind of opt-out of South Asia
from the desired world-wide non-nuclear regime that the US and other
western powers are trying to create in Geneva. This is predicated on the
assurance that this region would be governed by a bilaterally controlled
nuclear regime, with necessary agreements eventually being agreed upon
to make it safe for itself and for rest of the world.
The assumption appears to be that the US will accept the fait accompli
because there might be no other option left to it. The push for a
nuclear test by both India and Pakistan is meant to clinch the issue so
that the rest of the world should be left with no choice but to accept
the emergent fact of life: two nuclear powers in South Asia deterring
each other perpetually while painfully building what structures of peace
may be unavoidable.
On the principle where there is will there is a way, it is useless to
discuss its initial feasibility. What peace-loving democrats need to do
is to examine the consequences of Pakistan exploding its way into the
nuclear club. The first consequence would be that the Kashmir dispute
between India and Pakistan would stand frozen. The hope of Kashmiris
deciding their own future would be virtually pre-empted. Why? because
since the deterrence between India and Pakistan would notionally be
total neither will have any option or even incentive to change any of
the basic policies hitherto followed; the Indians will sit tight over
Kashmir and try to suppress their movement for Azadi with renewed effort
and undivided attention.
The relationship between India and Pakistan would also be forced into
permanent hostility with having to tom-tom a strange kind of friendship,
with hostility intact, being constantly reshaped, as, say, was the case
after SALT I and SALT II treaties between the US and Soviet Union. It
would not be friendship nor would it be pure enmity; since each would be
conscious of its ability to inflict crippling blows on the other, both
would keep gnashing their teeth in impotent while their leaders will
have to smile every now and then at photo opportunities. But there would
be few people-to-people contacts. The promise in this hopefully growing
ditente will be a reduction in the arms race in all the three main
categories of armaments: the conventional arms, the nuclear weapons and
missile or delivery vehicles. The proposition is, it can be asserted on
the basis of facts of history. It did not happen between the Russians
and the Americans, otherwise the Soviet Union would not have collapsed
under the strains caused by a non-stop arms race, especially in the
conventional arms race.
The doctrine that was developed after the French had crashed their way
into the nuclear club holds that once a state acquires a nuclear
capability and begins to deter its adversary, the next inexorable
development is that a wholly new conventional armaments race begins. No
matter what the initial hopes might be on the subject, going nuclear
does not come cheap. For ensuring the credibility of the deterrent, it
needs to be constantly updated by both sides and that requires improving
the technology and frequent testing of new developments and inventions.
This may not be the maximally expensive like conventional weapons
systems but are not necessarily very inexpensive.
The missile race is even more difficult to control. The kind of
disarmament measures that the talks about the rockets and MBFR
negotiations could achieve in the Russia-American case may not be as
easily available to India and Pakistan. Why? because both the
superpowers had attained a level of strength in all branches of warfare
that an actual reduction in the main weapons systems was technically
beneficial to both sides; it was essentially rationalisation of the two
deterrents. Moreover, the superpowers had no bitter or bilateral
territorial disputes in which masses of people on either side could be
involved; there was something ersatz in the supposed bitterness between
the two sides.
In the case of Pakistan and India the disparity between what they can
acquire and or produce is so great that the Indians would constantly be
tempted to disregard the puny Pakistani effort and be done with
Pakistani pretentions. All that they may then have to do is to steel
themselves for a certain (limited) degree of possible destruction in
India so that they could, by threatening actual war, either force the
Pakistanis to blink or present the prospect of utter devastation of all
its urban-industrial centres at the cost of a fairly small loss in India
(in comparative terms). Indian Realpolitik wallahs can in fact bank on
bluff to force the Pakistanis into utter quiescence. The kind of blind
passions that frequently motivate Indians and Pakistanis can certainly
make them act irrationally.
Remember 1947 saw the worlds greatest ethnic cleansing in the then
India ever, with seven to eight million refugees moving in one direction
and nine to 10 million moving in the other. The kind of decision
Pakistani authorities made in 1971 cannot be called rational. The sort
of blind hatred that motivates the mobs in a communal riots in India is
not at all rational; politicians may calculatingly spark them off for
political benefits, but those who kill act foolishly. Didnt responsible
political leaders plan and had the Babri Masjid destroyed and then did
not the large scale killings of religious minorities in 1984 (in
retaliation of Mrs Indira Gandhis murder) and of over two thousand
Indian Muslims after certain bomb blasts had rocked Bombay with many
fatalities. Those who claim that Indian and Pakistanis are responsible
and as cool and calculating as any western leader does not, in view of
the experience, ring true. Both states are fundamentally brittle and
vulnerable to not only secessionist movements but liable to produce
political leaders that are too cynical, not to say unpredictable.
This writer believes that if Churchill, Stalin or Hitler had nuclear
bombs, any of them would have used them in Europe. The US after all did
it. No doubt many people believe that the US could not have nuked
Germany as it did Japan for racial reason. One does not buy the racial
argument. Arent Serbs and others in Balkan capable of making one
another if only they can?
For Pakistan, the issue must be faced squarely about the Rupees, Annas
and Pies. The kind of relationship the country now has with the IMF is,
to put it bluntly, one of being in a court of wards. For, every decision
and new policy is being vetted by the IMF and the World Bank. In
essentials our budget is determined by the IMF. Our economic sovereignty
is a myth. Every few weeks either a mission comes to take stock of how
the government has behaved or Pakistani officials have to go and report
compliance to world moneymen. Talking of an independent nuclear
deterrent against the wishes of the international community is
moonshine; so long as Pakistan is dependent on others for cash, those
who plan a deterrent with borrowed money are being totally unrealistic.
Moreover there is no uncertainty that Pakistani hawks are not being led
up the garden path. By going nuclear they are obliging Indian hawks no
end; they would be paving the way for India to do what it has dearly
wanted to do. It would provide a wonderful alibi to the Indian
chauvinists to remove all stops and go nuclear full-scale.
While the Indians can, with some fortitude, hardship and difficulties,
can ride out of the loud international outrage and censure, the same
cannot be said for Pakistan. The kind of sanctions that such a step
would invite will be so crippling and destabilising that it is difficult
to countenance their effects. Try as one might, no positive benefit
seems to be in store by the kind of recommendation that some of our
hawks are making.
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960311
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Being grateful to our yobs
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Ayaz Amir
HEROISM in the Islamic Republic is an enterprise fraught with the
greatest risks. As the yobs and louts who make up our cricketing team
will soon realise that is, if the swift and cruel winds of nemesis
have not touched and burnt them already in this land of romance and
eternal dreams the higher you rise the harder you fall.
If ever a team carried with it the prayers and hopes of an entire nation
of 120 million souls (or given our gift for procreation, is it now 130?)
it was the one which stepped on to the field at Bangalore. Pakistanis
are an easily excited people at the best of times. But at Bangalore
their team was not just trying to defend the World Cup which they had
won four years ago at Melbourne. Nor was it simply trying to fight its
way to the semi-finals. It was playing India in a knockout match and
that meant stirring all the atavistic memories which are brought to the
surface when India and Pakistan square off in any major encounter,
whether on or off the playing field. Happy the day when both countries
can learn to compete normally. But till it arrives they will have to
live with the mutual intensity which adds so much colour and venom to
their relationship.
It is small wonder then that had our yobs acquitted themselves well they
would have won not just a crucial match but the 4th Battle of Panipat,
demonstrating in the process that superiority which every true-blooded
Pakistani is convinced their country enjoys over the land of Lalas and
Brahmins. But since they stumbled and almost gave away the victory that
for some time at least seemed to be within their grasp they have lost
not just a match but betrayed the entire nation.
No sense of doom is ever complete without a search for scapegoats. If
newspapers are to be believed, as soon as it became apparent that our
hopes were about to mingle with the dust, there was a rush of callers
venting their anger at what they considered to be the sources of our
defeat. So low is the credibility of the national team that there were
people (again according to Sunday mornings newspapers) who were not
above thinking that the Pakistan captain Wasim Akram did not play in the
match because of reasons other than his unfitness (meaning thereby that
he had taken money to stay out of it). Some callers were of the outraged
opinion that the lewd and unIslamic music and pop shows being shown
by Pakistan Television as part of the World Cup buildup were responsible
for the plight of the national team. A popular target of anger is also
that egregious song hum jeetain gay (We will win) which was PTVs idea
of raising the nations morale.
But far from being angry at our cricketing yobs the nation has reason to
be grateful to them. Now that Pakistan has received its come-uppance
from India (hard though it is to admit to this sentiment) there will
hopefully be an end to the hype which has surrounded our cricketing
effort and also to the arrogance of our leading cricketers. That
sportsmen who distinguish themselves in their respective fields of
endeavour deserve all the praise and money that they can get is
something with which no one will quarrel. That cricketing is now a more
lucrative venture than it was, say, two decades ago is also all to the
good. At the same time, however, is it too much to ask that sporting
heroes, especially our native ones, should be able to wear their
greatness lightly?
Ever since they won the last World Cup four years ago, Pakistans
cricketers have made a running spectacle of themselves by indulging
constantly in infighting, factionalism, gross indiscipline and revolts
against various captains and by lending themselves to the suspicion of
throwing away games for the sake of money. The only thing that could
have made up for this sustained loutishness would have been success on
the playing field. But as aficionados of the game would know better than
I, our cricketing ability has been going steadily downhill over the last
four years.
When was the last time our team gave a good account of itself? And what
sense is there in concluding that a team or rather a cricketing
establishment devoid alike of purpose and spirit had a sporting chance
to lift the World Cup once again? Spectacular performances do not just
come out of the blue. They flow from good selection, rigorous training,
motivation and team spirit qualities conspicuously missing from our
cricket over the last four years. Consequently, now that we have met our
deserts at Bangalore, our managers right from the head of the cricketing
board to Arif Abbassi deserve not just to be sacked for their
maladroitness, because that would be too benign a punishment for them,
but to be strapped and put on public display. As for the cricket team
itself it deserves to be ignored for a while which for the big egos who
make it up will be punishment more severe than any other in the world.
There is, accordingly, a kind of poetic justice in the defeat of the
Pakistan side. Their victory would have brought joy to a nation which in
other respects has so little to be genuinely happy about. But the
downside of this is that the nation would have had to put up with the
arrogance of these yobs for another four years, a prospect calculated to
daunt the stoutest heart. Four more years of bragging and strutting
about. And four more years of bad Coca-Cola and Pepsi commercials woven
around the real and imagined prowess of these heroes. Defeat has a
bitter taste especially on the morning after, but as time passes and we
see a more chastened side, a side and an establishment more ready to
accept the habits of modesty, we may come round to thinking, undoubtedly
painful though the process would be, that some good has come from this
defeat after all.
Since defeat is an orphan and victory an offspring with many parents, if
we had won at Bangalore, many and varied are the people who would have
claimed credit for it. Arif Abbassi and his crew would have considered
their rank incompetence vindicated. Mr Asif Zardari, who is doing
everything these days from cleaning up our ozone layer to bringing in
foreign investment, would have thought his offer of plots and money to
our players justified. Ms Raana Shaikh, PTVs energetic boss, would no
doubt have thought that the asinine ditties and programmes being shown
on PTV (hum jeetain gay and the rest of the sorry gang) had been
instrumental in raising the teams spirits and the nations morale. And
there would have been more Pepsi and Coca-Cola commercials. From all
these hazards the nation has been saved.
Who knows from this experience the yobs of our cricket team may learn to
conduct themselves as a team instead of as a bunch of egoists nursing
their mercenary instincts. And while this may be too much to expect,
they may even learn to play cricket for the glory of the game itself
(old-fashioned as this concept may sound) than for more tangible things
like residential plots and bagfuls of prize money which it is no small
mercy they will have to do without on this occasion.
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960310
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Well played Karachi
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Omar Kureishi
IT IS no secret that there were serious misgivings about Karachi as a
venue for World Cup matches. There were fears about the security of the
teams, there were concerns about law and order and it was entirely
possible that an incident could have been created that would have
disturbed the peace in the city.
It is no secret either that Karachi is perceived as a high risk city,
the foreign media has been covering it with gusto, the BBC and CNN
faithfully reporting whenever there has been trouble. Foreign travellers
have been advised to give Karachi a miss. I know of many Pakistanis who
live upcountry who are most reluctant to visit Karachi. I myself will
avoid a late night flight because I would just as not risk going to the
airport. When the Australians and the West Indians refused to play in
Sri Lanka because they considered Colombo an unsafe city, many felt that
it was only a matter of time before some visiting team decided they did
not want to play in Karachi. Although there has been a perceptible
improvement and the violence appears to have abated, we know that it
only takes one spark.
There is still uneasiness and we walk on egg shells. Karachi is still a
troubled city. Given this background, the reality on the ground, the
temptation must have been there to take no chances with the World Cup.
Had anything gone wrong, it would have derailed the tournament. I am
glad that the temptation was resisted and the decision to go ahead with
the matches taken. There was an element of gamble involved. It was
Karachis moment of truth.
As we all know, the people of Karachi gave a befitting reply to the
merchants of gloom. Not only were the matches played without any
incident of any kind but the Karachi cricket public set a very high
example for cricket crowds in other cities where the World Cup matches
are being played. It was an exemplary crowd. What I liked best of all
was that it was a good natured crowd and a very sporting one. It
supported Pakistan vigorously, as it should, but it generously applauded
the opponents, showing that it knew its cricket too.
The Delhi crowd, by contrast, showed itself to be shamelessly partisan
and the TV commentators mentioned this obliquely. When a Sri Lankan
batsman got to his fifty, there was pin-drop silence at the ground apart
from the cheers raised by the few Sri Lanka supporters. When South
Africa beat Pakistan, our public appreciated the high class cricket
played by the visitors. Apart from being sporting, it was a patient
crowd. The security arrangements were tight, too tight in my view but I
was told that it was necessary and about which I am not convinced. Be
that as it may, the crowd did not show their resentment though they must
have been inconvenienced. They were searched, or frisked in popular
parlance, and they were forbidden to take any kind of foodstuff into the
ground. A lady had a bar of chocolate confiscated and another had
brought a sandwich with him and rather than have it confiscated he ate
it there and then. The crowd was thus put at the mercy of those who had
been given the franchise to sell food items at the ground. A cricket
match is a family outing and people pack their lunches and have a sort
of picnic. Sometimes, in the past, I would be invited to share a meal
during the lunch break and it was great fun. In this respect, the
matches were austere. Still it did not damp the enthusiasm of the people
who went to the ground in such large numbers.
I have been going to the National Stadium for many years, covering
cricket. I have often despaired of sections of the crowd whose idea of
exuberance was hooliganism. Many a match has been disrupted in Karachi
because the crowd went out of control. I worried on this account as
well. Not this time. It was an impeccably disciplined crowd. No one
walked in front of the sight screen, a fairly common occurrence, not
even a policeman. And when the matches were over, the crowd dispersed
and drifted away. Pakistan had lost the first match but there was no
public expression of disappointment, not even a few well-chosen
expletives that would have been justified, if not deserved.
All in all it was a wonderful show. But where do we go from here? I
think the cricket has provided us with an opportunity to bring Karachi
back on the rails. The capacity to have fun is still there. I thought
one would never see such a large crowd in Karachi, a crowd that had not
been rented, but one which was of diverse political opinion, act with
such a sense of responsibility and indeed dignity. Although South Africa
and England had their supporters, the crowd was overwhelmingly cheering
for Pakistan. I have always believed that we come together as a nation
whenever our cricket team is playing. On the surface it seems like a
frivolous observation. But the World Cup has shown that despite
difference, we all want Pakistan to win. This is something positive. The
idea of being one people is very much alive.
Admittedly, not much work is getting done during the World Cup. People
are either at the matches or glued to their television and radio sets.
Wherever one goes, the talk is about cricket and nothing else. This may
seem to be a waste of time but it is infinitely more healthy than
strikes and all the other activities that bring the country to a
standstill.
A day after the England match, the Governor of Sindh, Mr Kamaluddin
Azfar invited me to lunch. It was in honour of a visiting British
delegation. they had gone to the match and although England had lost,
they were full of praise for the Karachi crowd. Also present at the
lunch was the Interior Minister Gen. Naseerullah Babar. I had a long
chat with him and he told me that not only should the Karachi crowd be
given the Man of the Match award but they should be given a Pride of
Performance medal. I told him that it was an excellent idea and there
was a need to put the bitterness behind us, to mend fences and bring
Karachi back to its rightful place as the first city of Pakistan. He
agreed wholeheartedly.
Cricket has provided a perfect platform. Now it is upto the politicians
to carry the ball. One must never forget that the breakthrough in China-
USA relations, which were far from friendly and verged on outright
hostility was provided by ping-pong diplomacy. Why cant a cricket crowd
bring the warring factions together? Many of us who have been writing
about the situation in Karachi have stressed over and over that the
majority of the people in this city want to live in peace and go to a
cricket match, if they want to, without fear. The point has been proved.
===================================================================
960312
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Cricket put on global map, say Cup chiefs
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CALCUTTA, March: Delighted World Cup chiefs believe they have put
cricket on the global map and given it the perfect chance to challenge
other major sports for international exposure.
Their confidence is such that they are already declaring the event a
huge success even before the climax and hailing it a watershed in the
games move into the big league.
Weve globalised cricket like never before, said Amrit Mathur, a
member of the joint Pakistan-India-Lanka organising committee (PILCOM).
I think the introduction of 12 teams has been a success, he said. I
think with the United Arab Emirates, Holland and Kenya getting such
international attention, other developing cricket nations would now try
harder to qualify for the World Cup.
Mathur went on: Cricket has to battle with such established sports as
golf, tennis and soccer for media attention. We are still a long way
away from competing with them, but at least a start has been made.
I dont see the cricket World Cup expanding to 32 teams in the near
future, like its happened in football. Not in the next 20 years at
least.
The event has not been without hitches, however.
First there was the security concerns which led to unprecedented match
boycotts by Australia and the West Indies.
Then South Africa and Zimbabwe called for a change in the format,
arguing despite the success of Kenya in particular, who beat the West
Indies in one of the biggest shocks in the cups 21-year-history that
many early games against the qualifiers were devoid of drama.
The huge geographical distances needed to be covered by sides have also
been unappreciated, while the lack of crowd support in Pakistan reduced
most games not including the host country to a deathly hush including
the quarter-final between England and Sri Lanka at Faisalabad.
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960313
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A defective format for the competition
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Samiul Hasan
THE 6th World Cup would be remembered for long for many reasons;
Pakistan losing to India in the quarter-finals by 39 runs, Australia and
West Indies refusing to play in Sri Lanka, Javed Miandad appearing for
the 6th consecutive time since 1975, Sri Lankas all-time highest score
in one-dayers against Kenya, explosive batting displays by Sanath
Jayasuriya, Kenyas shock win over West Indies, controversy around
Australia-West Indies league match etc.
It will also be remembered for the fact that this was the second time
India-Pakistan were hosting the mega event taking it into Sri Lanka and
including them as co-hosts. However, the subcontinent might not earn
this honour for almost a couple of decades as the World Cup would in
future be hosted on a rota basis.
Yet another thing for which this World Cup might be remembered for long
is the format that has generated considerable debate.
This is not the first time the defective format has reflected adversely
on this premier competition. The 5th World Cup, co-hosted by Australia-
New Zealand, had experienced similar oddities heightened by the
ridiculous situation in which South Africans, on the verge of victory
needing 22 runs off 13 balls, were made to score 22 off just one
delivery following rains and were deprived of the right to play the
final.
Sports organisers and policy-makers have to look after a host of things.
That is their job. Most important of these include policies and plans to
promote the game and to help achieve ever-higher standards.
The format of a tournament acquires special place in this context, and
it goes without saying that they seem to have left much to be desired in
this respect both for the 5th World Cup and the 6th.
To begin with, the best points of the 4th and 5th World Cups changed
without any rhyme or reason and that resulted in Pakistan-India quarter-
finals clash at Bangalore on Saturday. In the 1987 and 1992 World Cups,
the host teams, if they qualify, were to play their sudden-death match
in their country. Consequently, Pakistan played the 1987 semi-finals at
Lahore against Australia and India took England at Bombay. Similarly, in
the 1992 World Cup, New Zealand faced Pakistan at Wellington and though
Australia could not make to the last four, England and South Africa
(after finishing second and third) met at Sydney.
Then, while preparing the draws of this World Cup, the decision-makers
did not take into account the performances of the teams in the previous
World Cup. As a result, all the four semi-finalists of the 1992 event
were placed in Group B alongwith two qualifiers (Emirates Cricket Board
and Holland) while all the teams who couldnt finish in the top four
were put in Group A with Kenya as the third qualifier.
The format designed for the World Cup exposed the lack of knowledge of
the officials of the people who control cricket in Pakistan. Now compare
them with the thorough professionalism of the Indian officials and one
would find that local organisers have still a lot to learn from the
neighbouring cricket board. The Indian organisers kept provision for a
loss in the league games and thus, kept the No 2 and No 3 teams of Group
A in their country. Pakistani officials, on the other hand, failed to
realise the complexities of it quite naively agreed upon to keep the No
1 and No 4 teams in the country. Therefore, India (with two league
defeats) played Pakistan (with one defeat) at Bangalore and fully cashed
in on the home advantage to score 288 and then restrict Pakistan to 249
in 49 overs.
Then, nobody ever anticipated a situation where a competing team would
back out and concede a walk-over and two `valuable points. The 6th
World Cup experience would make them wiser. Australia and West Indies
had little hesitation in conceding the walk-overs and the two points
because they did not apprehend any setbacks or problems in making the
quarter-finals stage. That is the major defect of this format and the
planner failed exactly for that reason.
If the format and rules of the competition had also provided for two
penalty points (in addition to walk-over points), the situation would
have been totally different. But the biggest criticism of the format
came when manager Intikhab Alam presented the hypothetical situation of
Pakistan having an opportunity of playing the quarter-finals at the home
ground (Faisalabad) by throwing away their two games against England and
New Zealand.
This was allegedly put into practice at the controversial Australia-West
Indies game and the Aussies, according to critics, did not give their
best and meekly surrendered to West Indies implying thereby that they
rewarded them for having gone along on the decision not to play matches
in Sri Lanka. This allegation is on the ground that in the event of a
West Indian defeat, Kenya would have automatically qualified for the
quarter-finals as they had already defeated the West Indies in the
preliminary round match.
Intikhabs views and the Jaipur match are not the contentious issues.
The crux of the matter is that the format did not oblige the teams to
give their best at each outing.
Any format which does not extract the best from the players and the
teams reflects adversely on the competence of those behind such a game-
plan.
The cause of cricket and in fact, all other sports and performing arts
is best served when conditions conducive to super-human performances are
created. Nothing would, however, work unless there is a top class format
to extract the last ounce of energy from each competitor and the teams.
That is where this World Cup, like the previous one, failed miserably.
A relevant point in this connection is the schedule of matches. During
the league ties, there were up to three matches on a single day, and at
the sudden-death stage there were two quarter-finals on each day (March
9 and 11).
Cricket fans all over the world would be particularly watching the
proceedings of the quarter-finals but were denied it as the transmission
covered one and ignored the other.
The planners could have easily scheduled a match each dayfrom March 8
or 9 onwards. Even if there was another day added to the schedule,
heavens would not have fallen. Also, it would have been in the fitness
of things if Sri Lanka, as co-hosts, had staged at least one quarter-
finals (the one that was played at Faisalabad), while India staging both
the semi-finals should have shared it with Pakistan. That would have
been a more equitable sharing of the matches of this tournament.
There is no doubt that the men at the helm of affairs of cricket in the
nine top-class Test playing countries and the others (three of whom made
the World Cup qualifiers) have been extremely harsh to the millions of
the cricket lovers all over the world.
The lesson to be learnt from it is that the thinking on the rules and
the format for the next World Cup must begin right away; it must be
entrusted to persons who specialise in this particular job and not
necessarily to the ones who run the boards and manage cricket affairs
otherwise.
In fact, one-day cricket has brought revolution to the game in all
respects. There is need to acknowledge the wind of change and the
challenge thereof and constitute experts committees to go into all
related matters and problems in order to accelerate the pace of this
cricket revolution.
It is in this context one sympathises with Kenyans who narrowly missed
the chance to make historic entry into the quarter-finals. West Indies
exit from the World Cup in the qualifying round would have not destroyed
cricket in the Caribbeans. Kenyas qualification would have perhaps
generated cricket fever in that country to enable it to attain Test
status by the year 2000 or thereabouts. It is the loss to cricket. If
the defective format had any role in Kenyas elimination in the league,
its like killing a baby before its birth.
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960312
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A bang ends in a whimper
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Tanvir Ahmad
BANGALORE: How high the Pakistan team was rated here before the first
knock-out match of this World Cup is amply evident from a report in the
Times by Indias Bangalore correspondent, which begins: India exceeded
all expectations today. They defeated Pakistan in an emphatic
fashion....
Both observations are full truths. When the Pakistanis arrived here on
Thursday on the all important leg of their title campaign, they were
greeted with awe and respect. Local newspapers billed them as hard nuts
to crack and the bookmakers rated them as firm favourites for the
Saturday match.
Cricket experts, gathered in this beautiful, lush green South Indian
city from all over India, described the match as the real final of
this World Cup. A Hindi newspaper said: Today will be the Maha Yudh
(great battle) of cricket. India will have a difficult time to contain
batsmen like Aamir, Saeed Anwar, Ejaz and Inzamam with Salim and Miandad
making the rearguard. A local English language daily dubbed it as the
Mother of all matches (of this World Cup).
What started with a bang, ended in a whimper with Pakistan subdued by a
comparatively less penetrative Indian attack. In fact, Pakistan, for all
intents and purposes, had surrendered in the 25th over and from then on
Malik and Miandad simply went through the actions. In between
wicketkeeper Rashid Latif tried to lift the morale by hitting Srinath
over the fence collecting 13 runs from the Indian seamers 8th over.
When he was out in the 42nd over at 231, the curtains were finally
drawn.
To attribute the submission for that is what it was to the absence
of Wasim Akram would be self-deception. Pakistan has in the past also
played without him and Waqar Younus and Aqib Javed have not only shared
the burden but have done the job for their team. The official version
would like to divert the attention from the real reasons to this aspect
and many of us may be carried away by it.
Pakistan, after all, won the 1992 World Cup without Waqar Younis. At
that time Wasim, Aqib, Aamir Sohail and Mushtaq took Pakistan through to
the title. This time Waqar was there and also the rest but Pakistan
failed to contain India at the most crucial stage the last 5 overs
made all the difference in the end.
One was baffled to observe the difference in the two sessions, the first
40 overs and the last 10 overs, and was unable to comprehend what bad
omen had struck the bowlers and the fielders.
Frankly, the quality of fielding in this match was well up to the mark,
Pakistan not allowing India to score at more than 4 runs an over in the
first 10 overs when Sidhu and Tendulkar were at the crease. To restrain
the Indian run-machine was a good job done by the Pakistanis. Later on,
as the innings progressed, the run rate slowly went up reaching 4.70 in
the 40th over, but India had lost Tendulkar, Majrekar and Sidhu. At 200
they lost Azhar in the 42nd over. There was jubilation among the
Pakistan supporters (and dont be surprised there were quite a large
number of them here) and a hushed silence fell over the ground.
What followed was simply amazing and unbelievable. The fielding fell to
pieces. Waqar completely lost his rhythm while Aqib, who in any case was
not bowling at his best in this match, and Ataur Rahman simply panicked
against Jadejas onslaught. These 8 overs, which saw India come out of
the woods to pile up their highest-ever in a one-day game against
Pakistan, were the real test and the boys failed in it. Surprisingly
with four former captains in the field at that crucial juncture, none
was able to revise the strategy to stop India.
They say that a one-dayer is not decided till the last ball is bowled.
For those of us in the media centre at the Chinnaswamy Stadium, India
had already won half the battle.
Chasing anything over 250 needs planning at every stage. batting in the
first 10 overs had to be different and once a run rate of something like
over 7 runs is established, the batsmen have to consolidate, and be
content with something like 4 an over. After 25 overs the pace is again
accelerated so that the required run rate does not go beyond 6 to make
things difficult if a few quick wickets fall.
Pakistan never planned their innings while tackling the huge 288 run
target. Run chase under flood lights is in any case difficult than in
day light. For this reason alone Azhar opted to bat after winning the
toss. Sohail and his senior team-mates and the manager appeared
oblivious of this fact. The openers made a scintillating start,
collecting 84 runs in first 10 overs. this was time to apply the brakes
and put pressure on the Indian fielding by taking singles and twos. But
the acting skipper was probably thinking of hitting out all those 288
runs himself alongwith his partner. Or he had no faith in those who were
to follow. He lost his wicket as if in a hurry and then Ejaz and
Inzamam, caught in the same frenzy, went out cheaply. With four top
order batsmen gone, pressure had now started mounting.
It is a mystery as to what was bugging the Pakistani batsmen at 130 runs
in 20 overs with Inzamam batting and Malik, Miandad and Rashid to
follow.
The only conclusion one can draw is that the team played in a reckless
manner, had not planned to meet the various eventualities and probably
the leadership was confused as well.
Or is it that they relaxed, first when they had contained India at 200
(in 40 overs) and again when the Pakistani openers had hoisted 84 in
first 10 overs and thought they had won the match.
I would like to give Azhar full marks for his leadership. He was
concerned but not confused when he lost Tendulkar and Manjrekar rather
early. He also kept his cool when Aamir and Saeed went on the rampage.
That made all the difference in the world.
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960313
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Lack of leadership led to Bangalore fiasco
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By S.A. Meenai
Following the wave of lamentations and lashing fury sweeping Pakistan
after the Bangalore fiasco in which factors other than cricket find
pronounced expression, it will be proper though difficult to analyse the
defeat mainly in terms of field performance.
At the very outset certain quirks of fate queered the pitch for the
visiting team. The skippers decision to skip the vital match was
virtually a knock-out blow that completely upset whatever combat
strategy or battle plan might have been drawn. It meant that Pakistan
had not only to play without their key bowler and best all-rounder but
minus the leader.
The loss of toss was another stroke of bad luck. Batting second on a
slow wicket in flood-light - to which they were not very well-attuned -
posed a difficult proposition. Added to this a huge and hostile crowd
not only rooting for home side but hooting the one opposite, stretched
gangled nerves to the utmost limit.
All these unfavourable conditions and climate, notwithstanding, there
was no justification for the faults of omission and commission that led
to the ultimate ruin and reverse. While it is unfair, particularly in a
team game like cricket, to pinpoint any one person or player for a
setback, the brunt of the blame in this case lies on Amir Sohail, the
acting captain, who utterly failed to stem the tide when the going was
rough or steer the side to success when it seemed within grasp.
Specifically, when Waqar Yunus and Aquib Javed were bowling their last
overs and Jadeja was enjoying the feast of runs at their expense,
irrevocably imperilling the chances of Pakistan, Amir appeared to be a
helpless spectator instead of a sensible guide. If he found himself at
his wits and, he should have consulted Javed Miandad or Salim Malik.
This lapse on his part was serious enough. But what followed was simply
inexcusable.
True the two most experienced fast bowlers could not be absolved as
their costly ineptitude knew no bounds. Yet Providence provided an ideal
chance for Amir to repair the damage when he and Anwar Saeed were
hammering Indias attack almost as they pleased. It seemed that what
Waqar and Aquib had squandered with their right hand would be saved by
this left-handed opening pair. Such seeming prospects, however, proved
to be illusory as both of them simultaneously lost their head, their
wickets and the match.
The batsmen to follow though seasoned were so shaken by this
inexplicable indiscretion that they succumbed to a moderate Indian
attack almost without a fight. Thus was ignominiously thrown away the
World Cup crown that was so gloriously earned in Melbourne four years
ago.
This critical assessment of the Bangalore battle will remain incomplete
without a brief reference to Javid Miandads last appearance. His
inclusion in the team after the pathetic performance in Karachi was
presumably as a cricket brain rather than as a batsman who in his prime
could and did play a decisive part in many epic encounters. But by
placing him on the boundary line, the captain not only subjected him to
an unfair trial at his age, but also signalled a message that he had no
intention of soliciting the shrewd veterans advice.
This sort of unwarranted presumptuousness bordering on arrogance in fact
was also one of the root causes of the miserable failure against India
as also the despondency that has gripped the nation after the Bangalore
debacle. But that is another story.
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960309
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End of road looms for Miandad
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BANGALORE, March 8: If anyone is a cricketing Houdini it must be Javed
Miandad. Comebacks, escape acts and outrageous stunts are his bread and
butter, so much so that rumours of a permanent exit sound like yet
another illusion.
But the man himself insists he will be gone for good after this World
Cup is done, which for Pakistan or India will be in Bangalore, a fast-
growing city enthralled by the potential drama on its doorstep.
Defeat will involve a massive loss of face and public humiliation for
the losers, which makes some degree of controversy almost inevitable. If
it does turn out to be Javeds final throw, he could not have wished for
a more loaded set of dice.
Too many tears for the man responsible for one of crickets most
unsavoury incidents his infamous bat-wielding at Australian fast
bowler Dennis Lillee would be inappropriate and Javed has never been
one for gushing accolades.
He would far rather be remembered as a thorn in the side of all his
opponents, an artful dodger who developed into a lovable rogue. Most of
Pakistans rivals, and some within his own dressing-room, will dispute
the lovable bit, but none can deny his competitiveness.
This tournament has been a classic illustration of precisely that.
Selected for a record-breaking sixth World Cup in what was widely
rumoured as a political move to take him past Imran Khan, Miandad has
struggled for a big score and has had to endure persistent questions
about his fitness.
In the nets he had his stumps immediately rearranged by Waqar Younis,
but reacted as though the bowler had merely happened to hit an extra set
secretly erected by the groundsman without his knowledge.
More than 1,000 World Cup runs have clearly given him the confidence to
ignore such trifles, and he seems more concerned with reminding younger
players of their place in crickets pecking order.
The quality of cricket has come down, no doubt about it, he said.
There was a time when every team had a bunch of fine players. That is
not the case any more.
It is a debatable argument, particularly given the current strength of
his own team, but Pakistan coach Intikhab Alam is adamant Miandad
remains a positive influence within the squad.
There is no doubt about his ability, the only question was about his
fitness, said Intikhab, recalling Miandads two-year absence with a
serious leg injury. Hes a true team man.
After 124 tests, 34 as captain, and more than 230 one-day
internationals, it would be more accurate to say that Javed, 38, knows
precisely what makes Pakistan cricket tick. Volatile is an
understatement and only the thick-skinned or quick-witted last long.
If we are not divided we are not content, Javed said with a laugh
recently. But sometimes I think it is a miracle we can do so well in
spite of all the problems.
Pakistans progress to the knock-out stages, even allowing for a group
defeat by South Africa and the side strain affecting captain Wasim
Akram, has been almost serene by their normal standards, which only adds
to the air of expectancy ahead of their day-night Indian showdown.
For Miandad the streetfighter, the end of the road is finally in sight.
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960314
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The great pressure of expectations
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Ayaz Memon
Is it one of the quirks of cricket that all the four semi-finals of this
World Cup should be from Group A, or is there a genuine cricketing
reason (whatever that may mean)?
In a matter of two days, England weary, woeful, mournful England
were flattened by beef-enriched Sri Lanka, cocky Pakistan had their ego-
deflated by traditional bakras India, strong South Africa were swept
aside by a resurgent West Indies, and New Zealand were put firmly in
their place by the thoroughly professional Aussies. So what went wrong
with Group B?
There are various theories put forward by sundry critics, but strangely
not one examines the role spectators can play in enhancing (or
diminishing) a teams performance. It might sound facetious, but I think
the teams which played most of their matches in Pakistan suffered
because of very poor spectator response.
Many cricketers and managers complain about pressures of expectations,
but this pressure has undeniable uses. The best players reserve their
best for the big occasion. The big occasion means when there are large
audiences, who edge mediocre players on to great deeds, or can deter the
seemingly great from doing their wont.
Teams which played in Pakistan, coasted through their games. There was
no pressure of expectation, no public scrutiny, no instant post-mortems,
no feedbacks, no debate. While Group A was fraught with high drama and
tension, Group B remained insipid and tepid.
Englands most daring act was in beating Holland and UAE, Pakistan got
terribly involved in the melodrama about Javed Miandads batting
position. And who had heard anything about New Zealand till they arrived
at Madras a few days ago?
Match that with the trauma of Richie Richardsons side, Indias sudden
slump which saw them lose two games then recover, and Sri Lankas
lingering anger at being snubbed by Australia and the West Indies, to
realise why teams from Group A were keener hungrier for success.
As a spectator of sorts, I know what role audiences have played in
ensuring the high drama of matches played in India. When Pakistan came
to Bangalore, they were hardly prepared for the pressure from a 50,000
crowd, or a fiercely determined Indian side. They relied on history to
see them through, but they should have realised this was not Sharjah,
leave aside Karachi.
Would it have been different if the teams from both Group had criss-
crossed and played both in India and Pakistan? Certainly, there would
have been better audience in Pakistan.
There might have been some political jugglery to do, but as the
Bangalore quarter-final showed, where theres a will, theres a way for
Pakistan to play in India, or the other way around. Think of the bonanza
for the cricket lovers Pakistan versus South Africa at Calcutta, and
India versus Australia at Lahore!
Instead, we were fortuitously pitted against each other for one match,
after which political skulduggery has taken over.
The Pakistan players have been threatened with dire consequences, and
the government has ordered an inquiry into their defeat against India.
Wholly foolish, these sentiments.
Frankly, Pakistan got what they deserved. The two most disappointing
teams in Group B were England and Pakistan. England appear to have
suffered from overtheorising under Ray Illingworth. But mere theory is
never enough. At any given time, you need a full complement of fit
players. And these players need to show some derring-do occasionally.
Pakistan, on the other hand, suffered from an overdose of adrenalin.
When the occasion demanded circumspection and a cool head, they plunged
in with passion, daring and not a little foolhardiness.
The complaint about Englands players is that they get tamed too easily,
lack spark; about Pakistan that they are mercurial, gifted but wholly
individualistic, and uncontrollable except by a tyrant or a towelling
personality who can command respect.
I dont know what can help English cricket, but Pakistan have a ready
remedy.
If Imran Khan can be convinced that managing a cricket team could be as
challenging as pursuing a political career (in the subcontinent, often
one actually means the other), there is hope for a quick turnaround.
And nobody is saying that Imran Khan is a tyrant.
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960310
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Runs & records but no excitement
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Ayaz Memon
IN the first fortnight the World Cup lacked the three vital ingredients
to make it come alive a close contest, an upset, and a controversy
involving Javed Miandad. By the end of the third week, each of these
events had happened, and all was well with the cricketing world.
For two weeks, there had been too many one-sided matches, strong teams
had cake walked over the so-called minnows, the major batsmen and
bowlers had made easy pickings. There had been results, runs and
records. But no drama and little excitement to justify the hype that
this was the greatest sports show of the decade.
An enthralling India-Australia match under brilliant floodlights at the
Wankhede dissipated the humdrumness of the tournament till then, gave it
the kiss of life, as it were. There was the majestic batsmanship of Mark
Waugh and Sachin Tendulkar to savour, the speed and spirit of Damien
Fleming to admire, and the guile and genius of Shane Warne to marvel at.
It was a close game which had millions of viewers worldwide glued to
their TV sets, and giving their assent that this was now the real
thing. The World Cup had finally arrived.
Two days later, the West Indies virtually signed their departure from
the tournament. The stunning win by Kenya had critics hurling shards or
sympathy at Richie Richardsons beleaguered side. The West Indies became
easy game for these head-hunters, which critics reckoned had come to
India only on a goodwill, learning mission. Unbelievable, insane.
But, forget cricketing reputation and logic, better believe it, for this
is the World Cup. Remember Australia in 1983 and England in 1992, both
victims of Zimbabwes enthusiasm, and carefree play? And can anybody in
India forget the fateful day, June 25, 1983 when the mighty West Indies
were humbled in the Prudential Cup final. When it comes to the World
Cup, the David and Goliath saga is revisited many times.
Meanwhile, on the same day that the West Indies were getting their noses
rubbed into the Pune Stadium ground, across the border Javed Miandad was
stirring up a hornets nest. No complaints. This was sorely needed for
what is a World Cup without calumny and controversy.
The refusal of Australia and the West Indies to play in Sri Lanka was
now old hat. Stories about the life and loves of Mohammed Azharuddin had
become predictable and boring. Mike Atherton made a valiant attempt to
inject some pep by redefining a journalist as buffoon, but had his bluff
called and apologised abjectly the next day. There was surely need for
some spice. Enter Miandad.
Those uninitiated into the ways of this game may not know that there are
players and personalities. And there are some personalities who always
court trouble, even if not of their own making.
Javed Miandad and controversy go hand-in-hand Great batsman he surely
is, but even greater rabble-rouser though whether this should be viewed
negatively is open to interpretation. Had he been an Englishman, he
would have usurped W.G. Graces position as the most colourful
personality to have ever played cricket. Being only a Pakistani, he is
viewed less generously, often disparagingly.
Of course, he was going to demand his number four batting position and a
greater say in the team strategy. If Wasim Akram and Intikhab Alam did
not know this, they were being naive. If not this, then Miandad would
have asked for something else. The point is that if Miandad is
contented, he wouldnt be Miandad. And if Miandad is not Miandad, can
there be a wholesome, enjoyable World Cup?
So there we are, this crazy cricket carousel called the World Cup
entering into its last fortnight, the three essential conditions
fulfilled, and now progressing at a gallop towards its climax. The
excitement is at fever pitch, and if the results of the two matches
played in the last couple of days is any indication, there is tremendous
drama in store.
Sri Lanka, for instance, overwhelmed India with the most sizzling
batting display at Delhi on Saturday, and Pakistan, in spite of the
Kabhi haan-kabhi Na syndrome of confused Intikhab Alam, finally did
not tank their game against England. That is two unexpected events on
successive days, and perhaps a portent of things to come.
How about a devious Anglo-Caribbean conspiracy which speaks of lulling
every opponent into complacency, and setting up a date to meet in Lahore
on March 17?
May sound far-fetched. But this is after all, the World Cup where
strange things are known to happen. The disbelieving can consult Mr
Kapil Dev or Mr Imran Khan.
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960314
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Dream Team Update - as at March 14th, 1996
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PCODE N A M E COUNTRY POINTS
1 MARK TAYLOR (C) AUSTRALIA 123
2 IAN HEALY (VC) (WK) AUSTRALIA 76
3 MICHAEL BEVAN AUSTRALIA 90
4 DAMIEN FLEMING AUSTRALIA 185
5 STUART LAW AUSTRALIA 110
6 SHANE LEE AUSTRALIA 14
7 CRAIG McDERMOTT AUSTRALIA 20
8 GLEN McGRATH AUSTRALIA 85
9 RICKY PONTING AUSTRALIA 189
10 PAUL REIFFEL AUSTRALIA 102
11 MICHAEL SLATER AUSTRALIA 0
12 SHANE WARNE AUSTRALIA 184
13 MARK WAUGH AUSTRALIA 577
14 STEVE WAUGH AUSTRALIA 305
15 MICHAEL ATHERTON (C) ENGLAND 119
16 ALEC STEWART (VC) ENGLAND 86
17 DOMINIC CORK ENGLAND 206
18 PHILLIP De FREITAS ENGLAND 209
19 NEIL FAIRBROTHER ENGLAND 98
20 DARREN GOUGH ENGLAND 151
21 GRAEME HICK ENGLAND 277
22 RICHARD ILLING WORTH ENGLAND 84
23 PETER MARTIN ENGLAND 126
24 JACK RUSSEL (WK) ENGLAND 67
25 NEIL SMITH ENGLAND 154
26 ROBIN SMITH ENGLAND 105
27 GRAHAM THORPE ENGLAND 279
28 CRAIG WHITE ENGLAND 13
29 STEVEN LUBBERS (C) HOLLAND 129
30 REINOUT SCHOLTE (VC) HOLLAND 0
31 FLAVIAN APONSO HOLLAND 160
32 PAUL JAN BAKKER HOLLAND 60
33 PETER CANTRELL HOLLAND 220
34 NOLAN CLARKE HOLLAND 65
35 TIM De LEEDE HOLLAND 90
36 ERIK GOUKA HOLLAND 39
37 FLORIS JANSEN HOLLAND 25
38 ROLAND LEFEBVRE HOLLAND 143
39 MARCEL SCHEWE HOLLAND 64
40 KLAAS JAN VANN NOORTWIJK HOLLAND 168
41 ROBERT VAN OOSTEROM HOLLAND 12
42 BAS ZUIDERENT HOLLAND 116
43 MOHAMMAD AZHARUDDIN (C) INDIA 158
44 SACHIN TENDULKAR (VC) INDIA 573
45 SALIL ANKOLA INDIA 0
46 AJAY JADEJA INDIA 194
47 VINOD KAMBLI INDIA 181
48 ASHISH KAPOOR INDIA 20
49 ANIL KUMBLE INDIA 367
50 SANJAY MANJREKAR INDIA 151
51 NAYAN MONGIA (WK) INDIA 104
52 MANOJ PROBHARKAR INDIA 81
53 VENKATESH PRASAD INDIA 165
54 VENKATAPATHY RAJU INDIA 168
55 NAVJOT S. SIDHU INDIA 178
56 JAVAGAL SRINATH INDIA 200
57 MAURICE ODUMBE (C) KENYA 232
58 ASIF KARIM (VC) KENYA 31
59 RAJAB ALI KENYA 171
60 DEEPAK CHUDASAMA KENYA 81
61 TARIQ IQBAL KENYA 27
62 HITESH MODI KENYA 53
63 THOMAS ODOYO KENYA 42
64 EDWARD ODUMBE KENYA 60
65 LAMECK ONYANGO KENYA 0
66 KENNEDY OTIENO KENYA 152
67 MARTIN SUJI KENYA 128
68 BRIJAL PATEL KENYA 0
69 DAVID TIKOLO KENYA 16
70 STEVE TIKOLO KENYA 231
71 L.K. GERMON (C) (WK) NEW ZEALAND 206
72 N.J. ASTLE (VC) NEW ZEALAND 181
73 C.L. CAIRNS NEW ZEALAND 204
74 S.P. FLEMING NEW ZEALAND 228
75 C. HARRIS NEW ZEALAND 261
76 R. KENNEDY NEW ZEALAND 87
77 G.R. LARSEN NEW ZEALAND 66
78 D.K. MORRISON NEW ZEALAND 80
79 D.J. NASH NEW ZEALAND 133
80 A.C. PARORE NEW ZEALAND 149
81 D.N. PATEL NEW ZEALAND 34
82 C. SPEARMAN NEW ZEALAND 196
83 S.A. THOMPSON NEW ZEALAND 216
84 R.G. TWOSE NEW ZEALAND 180
85 WASIM AKRAM (C) PAKISTAN 125
86 AAMIR SOHAIL (VC) PAKISTAN 357
87 IJAZ AHMED PAKISTAN 207
88 MUSHTAQ AHMED PAKISTAN 215
89 SAEED ANWAR PAKISTAN 329
90 INZAMAM UL HAQ PAKISTAN 145
91 AAQIB JAVED PAKISTAN 146
92 RASHID LATIF (WK) PAKISTAN 71
93 SALEEM MALIK PAKISTAN 198
94 JAVED MIANDAD PAKISTAN 69
95 SAQLAIN MUSHTAQ PAKISTAN 45
96 RAMEEZ RAJA PAKISTAN 2
97 ATA-UR-REHMAN PAKISTAN 25
98 WAQAR YOUNIS PAKISTAN 274
99 HANSIE CRONJE (C) SOUTH AFRICA 331
100 CRAIG MATTHEWS (VC) SOUTH AFRICA 162
101 PAUL ADAMS SOUTH AFRICA 70
102 DARYL CULLINAN SOUTH AFRICA 270
103 ALAN DONALD SOUTH AFRICA 160
104 FANIE De VILLIERS SOUTH AFRICA 52
105 ANDREW HUDSON SOUTH AFRICA 285
106 JACQUES KALLIS SOUTH AFRICA 68
107 GARY KIRSTEN SOUTH AFRICA 401
108 BRIAN McMILLAN SOUTH AFRICA 160
109 STEVE PALFRAMAN (WK) SOUTH AFRICA 85
110 SHAUN POLLOCK SOUTH AFRICA 168
111 JONTY RHODES SOUTH AFRICA 64
112 PAT SYMCOX SOUTH AFRICA 119
113 ARJUNA RANATUNGA (C) SRILANKA 239
114 ARVINDRA D' SILVA (VC) SRILANKA 371
115 MAVAN ATAPATTU SRILANKA 0
116 UPUL CHANDANNA SRILANKA 0
117 KUMARA DHARAMASENA SRILANKA 114
118 ASANKA GURUSINGHE SRILANKA 247
119 SANATH T. JAYASURIA SRILANKA 347
120 ROMESH KALUWITHARANA (WK) SRILANKA 87
121 ROSHAN MAHANAMA SRILANKA 80
122 MUTTIAH MURALITHARAM SRILANKA 135
123 RAVINDRA PUSHPAKUMARA SRILANKA 20
124 HASHAN TILLEKERATNE SRILANKA 128
125 CHAMINDA VAAS SRILANKA 123
126 PRAMODAYA WICKREMASINGHE SRILANKA 4
127 SULTAN ZARWANI (C) UAE 101
128 SAEED ALSAFFAR (VC) UAE 5
129 IMTIAZ ABBASI (WK) UAE 25
130 SHAHZAD ALTAF UAE 20
131 MOHAMMED ASLAM UAE 38
132 SHAUKAT DUKANWALA UAE 214
133 SHEIKH MAZHAR HUSSEIN UAE 104
134 MOHAMMAD ISHAQ UAE 76
135 ARSHAD LAIQ UAE 86
136 VIJAY MEHRA UAE 49
137 GANESH MYLVAGANAM UAE 41
138 SALIM RAZA UAE 157
139 SYED AZHAR SAEED UAE 188
140 JOHANNE SAMARASEKERA UAE 150
141 R.B. RICHARDSON (C) WEST INDIES 187
142 J.C. ADAMS WEST INDIES 134
143 C.E.L. AMBROSE WEST INDIES 171
144 K.L.T. ARTHURTON WEST INDIES 27
145 I.R. BISHOP WEST INDIES 57
146 C.O. BROWNE (WK) WEST INDIES 79
147 S.L. CAMPBELL WEST INDIES 57
148 S.C. CHANDERPAUL WEST INDIES 136
149 C.E. CUFFY WEST INDIES 26
150 O.D. GIBSON WEST INDIES 31
151 R.A. HARPER WEST INDIES 311
152 R.I.C. HOLDER WEST INDIES 5
153 B.C. LARA WEST INDIES 234
154 C.A. WALSH WEST INDIES 163
155 A. FLOWER (C\WK) ZIMBABWE 56
156 E.A. BRANDES ZIMBABWE 7
157 A.D.R. CAMPBELL ZIMBABWE 139
158 S. DAVIES ZIMBABWE 9
159 C.N. EVANS ZIMBABWE 92
160 G.W. FLOWER ZIMBABWE 140
161 A.P.C. LOCK ZIMBABWE 56
162 H.R. OLONGO ZIMBABWE 0
163 S.G. PEALL ZIMBABWE 39
164 H.H. STREAK ZIMBABWE 165
165 P.A. STRANG ZIMBABWE 297
166 B.C. STRANG ZIMBABWE 50
167 A.C. WALLER ZIMBABWE 159
168 G.J. WHITALL ZIMBABWE 71
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