DAWN WIRE SERVICE

------------------------------------------------------------------- Week Ending 23 November, 1995 Issue 01/46 -------------------------------------------------------------------
Contents | National News | Business & Economy | Editorials and Features | Sports

The DAWN Wire Service (DWS) is a free weekly news-service from Pakistan's largest English language newspaper, the daily DAWN. DWS offers news, analysis and features of particular interest to the Pakistani Community on the Internet. e-mail dws%dawn%khi@sdnpk.undp.org fax +92(21) 568-3188 & 568-3801 Dr. Altamash Kamal - Coordinator Mail Pakistan Herald Publications (Pvt.) Limited DAWN Group of Newspapers Haroon House, Karachi 74400, Pakistan (c) Pakistan Herald Publications (Pvt.) Ltd., Pakistan - 1995

CONTENTS

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NATIONAL NEWS

------------------------- Karachi Carnage ..........Violence erupts again Bomb attack on city police station ..........Most wanted MQM man arrested ..........Altaf seeks lawyers help for workers release Opposition ..........Attempt on Nawaz s life ..........Shahbaz shifted to Adiala jail ..........Opposition s offer to save system, say s Sartaj ..........Opposition should jointly work outline of action Nawaz ..........Nawaz seeks public help to oust govt ..........Opposition criticised for attacks on courts ..........Mechanism for justice, fairplay in 90 days if voted to power ..........Benazir taking revenge on Nation Nawaz Bomb Explosion at the Egyptian Embassy ..........14 killed as bomb rips Egyptian embassy ..........Babar accepts responsibility for security lapse ..........Security steps to be tightened, says Leghari ..........Egyptian envoy narrowly escapes death ..........Six Egyptians die in blast ..........Islamabad blast US expert to join probe ..........Pakistan was also a target, Egyptian group say s ..........PML condemns blast in Egyptian embassy ..........ANP leader flays attack on Egyptian embassy Govt determined to root out terrorism PM Govt creating doubts about arrested army officers Feild court martial for held officers likely Attack on Asma charge denied Asma denies Qureshi s charges Ghafoor flays Babar s statement Major crackdown of religious groups in Punjab Other party s workers also held TJP offices in Sindh sealed Opposition boycott senate proceedings

BUSINESS & ECONOMY

--------------------------------- IMF stand-by loan linked to fresh conditions Dialogue with IMF nearing decision No fresh conditions IMF okays stand-by loan of $600m Pakistan economic crisis linger Yaqub rules out any further devaluation Irrelevant details may disqualify many tax-payers Share recover on active short-covering Selective buying on many counters Institutional traders move in to cover positions Stock falls massively on hasty selling KEPZ unit facing difficulty due to regulatory duty Traders in state of shock over postponement of PSI issues talk 5% regulatory duty on imports from EPZ withdrawn

EDITORIALS & FEATURES

--------------------------------------- Unnar Ardeshir Cowasjee As the haemorrhage continues M.B.Naqvi Has the Chief Magistrate seen Becket Ayaz Amir Police excesses Editorial Column Where is Usman Khalid Hafizur Rehman

SPORTS

----------- Pakistan whip N.Z to enter squash semis Jansher reaffirm s Pak prestige in squash Zaman win s 3rd match to put Pakistan in final Pakistan lose squash final to England Shams Kakar creates first upset in squash Pakistan 33 - 2 in reply to Australia s 267 in 2nd test Pakistan in trouble in 2nd test also Herculean task in 2nd test for Pakistan Pakistan mauled in 2nd test, loose series


NATIONAL NEWS

=================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------- Violence erupts again Bomb attack on city police station ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter Explosions and heavy shooting rocked the city this week as unidentified men attacked the Gulshan-e-Iqbal police station from roof tops followed by a gunbattle on the 20th. Elsewhere in the city, targeted killings claimed ten lives, raising the month s death toll to 98. Some instances worth mentioning are as follows. KARACHI, Nov 16 A young man, whose mother was kidnapped and tortured to death in Orangi Town on Wednesday, was also found dead with several bullet injuries on Thursday. On Wednesday, unidentified men kidnapped Najma from her Orangi residence at gunpoint. A couple of hours later her tortured corpse was abandoned in the same area. A day later residents found the bullet- riddled body of son Asif Iqbal in the same area. He had been missing for the last two days. A written note was found on his body, which said A gift from Kamal, Subhan and Jamal of MQM Haqiqi for MQM Altaf. Haqiqi leaders admitted that all the three whose names were mentioned in the note were their Orangi activists but said that why should a killer want to leave his trace. A case has been registered against the MQM. A 22-year-old man was shot dead in Malir City. The victim Fayaz had come just three days back from Mian Chunnoo in search of job. On Thursday he had left the house to meet some relatives but was found dead. In another incidence according to the police Asim had come from Ancholi to meet his friend, Mohammad Kamran, in Block-9 in Dastagir. As they were standing at a paan shop, four persons, riding motorcycles, opened fire at them and disappeared. Kamran died on the spot and Asim was injured. Their political affiliation could not be known. Hakim Mubarak Rashid, was kidnapped and killed in Quaidabad. The killers set ablaze his shop also. The motive could not be known. KARACHI, Nov 20 Heavy shooting rocked Gulshan area when youths who had taken positions atop the roof of a nearby building, attacked the Gulshan-i-Iqbal police station with rockets and home-made bombs. The rockets and bombs hit the outer boundary wall wounding a policeman. The attack was followed by a heavy gunbattle as police fired back, forcing the attackers to flee, leaving behind four anti- tank rockets. The entire police of district east was rushed to the affected area to tackle the terrorists. A number of residential buildings were under siege, and rangers and police carried out house-to-house search. The police accused the MQM of carrying out the attack but said that the case would be registered sometime later. Mohammad Akhtar Qureshi, 21, a shoe factory worker, was gunned down by unidentified assailants in Liaquatabad. The motive could not be known. In Gulbahar, police found a body stuffed in a gunny bag lying in the boot of an abandoned car. KARACHI, Nov 21 In Orangi Town, rangers picked up hundreds of men during the siege-and-search operation early in the morning. The wide- scale arrests and house-to-house search in which the raiding parties allegedly misbehaved with women created tension in the area. Heavy contingents of rangers and police surrounded parts of locality and picked up all the males even boys of 12 years of age were taken to nearby rangers headquarters. MQM worker Khurshid Rehman, was gunned down in Gharibabad. Khurshid was sitting outside his house when he was sprayed with bullets. Party chief Altaf Hussain sharply reacted to his murder, blamed the rival Haqiqi faction for the killing and warned the government against patronising the Haqiqis. He held the police, rangers, Intelligence Bureau and the Federal Investigation Agency responsible for Khurshid s murder. Nizamuddin, was shot dead by unidentified men in Malir. Police claimed he was killed on the suspicion of being an informer. KARACHI, Nov 22 An unidentified body stuffed in a gunnybag was found in the boot of an abandoned vehicle in Sharifabad. The body bore marks of torture and bullets. In Orangi Extension, the unidentified body of a 28-year-old man was found with three bullet wounds. It was brought to the Abbasi Shaeed Hospital for autopsy. A young man who was strangled after subjected to torture was found in SITE industrial area. The victim was believed to have been kidnapped, tortured and later his body was thrown on a road. The police suspected that all three were victims of terrorism. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Most wanted MQM man arrested ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 18 Saulat Mirza, 25, one of the most wanted MQM activists, was arrested by the rangers during a raid on Saturday morning. Official sources claimed that Saulat Mirza was the main MQM worker who masterminded terrorist activities in the city along with Naeem Sherri. They described it as a third major victory for the government after Farooq Dada and Faheem Faruqui alias Commando and said the government s investment in informers was now paying dividend. Farooq Dada had died in a mysterious encounter with his three other companions near the Quaid-i-Azam International Airport. Faheem and his two other companions, who were in judicial custody, were also murdered in a mysterious attack on a police party in Nazimabad. The forth man who was killed in the attack was later identified as a brother of Fahim. The wives of Farooq and Fahim are still in the custody of law enforcement agencies. The MQM claimed that Saulat was arrested on information by another MQM worker, Faisal, who was arrested on Friday and was subjected to torture. A few days back, Saulat s sister Nighat Zafar was also arrested and subjected to torture, the party claimed. MQM chief Altaf Hussain urged the President to help save the life of Saulat who, he feared, would be tortured to death by the rangers. He warned that if Saulat died of torture or was killed in any bogus encounter , the president would be held responsible for it. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Altaf seeks lawyers help for workers release ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 22 The MQM chief, Altaf Hussain, has urged the lawyers to provide voluntary legal help to MQM workers and supporters and their families and save them from state atrocities . Mr Hussain paid rich tributes to MQM Legal Aid Committee and its members for the job they have been rendering for MQM supporters. I need your (lawyers) help. Not for myself or my family, but for those helpless people who have been the victim of worst state oppression, he said. Mr Hussain said the government had launched an operation against the MQM and its supporters to crush them, but despite the passage of over three-and-a-half years, it could not damage the MQM. He said although the people thrice voted for the MQM, the government was not ready to recognise the representative position of the party. The atrocities being committed against the MQM shows that we are not living in 20th Century but in the dark ages. Pakistan is passing through a most critical phase in its history. The situation demands that the government solves the political problems through political means. Instead, a crackdown has been launched against the party in vengeance, he said. He asked the government to learn a lesson from the fate of past rulers who were involved in atrocities against the people. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Attempt on Nawaz s life ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov 20 PML leaders have claimed that the attempt for a head- on collision between a truck and the Pajero in which Leader of the opposition Mohammad Nawaz Sharif was travelling was not a an isolated incident, rather it was a calculated move to eliminate the PML leadership . Speaking at a party workers meeting at Sindhi Muslim Society, PML Joint Secretary Jamshed Ahmed Khan said after the inhuman treatment mented out to Shahbaz Sharif, the fascists government can go to any extent against Nawaz Sharif, He asked the party workers to offer thanksgiving prayers for the safety of the life of their leader. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shahbaz shifted to Adiala jail ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Nov. 17 The leader of opposition in Punjab Assembly, Mian Shahbaz Sharif, was shifted by the FIA to Adiala jail on Friday, a day before expiry of his physical remand. Pakistan Muslim League alleged that Mian Shahbaz Sharif was beaten by a assistant director of FIA before shifting him to the Adiala Jail. However, the political circles were intrigued over the shifting of Mr Sharif to the jail. Secretary General PML Sartaj Aziz strongly condemned the physical torture of Shahbaz Sharif and termed it as a worst example of barbarianism of the present government. In a democratic society subjecting opposition leader to physical torture cannot be think off, he said. The present rulers should remember that the nation would hold them accountable to the corruption and torture of their leaders. Deputy opposition leader in National Assembly Gohar Ayub Khan said that the incident reflect the desperation of the rulers who had driven mad in political victimisation of their opponent. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Opposition s offer to save system, says Sartaj ------------------------------------------------------------------- LAHORE, Nov. 18 PML Secretary-General Sartaj Aziz sees no contradiction in the opposition s demand for national reconciliation and mid-term elections. He says the offer for national reconciliation, coupled with mid-term polls, is intended to save the system and not to bail out the PPP government . Mr Sartaj Aziz alleged that Ms Bhutto had set preconditions for a one- to-one meeting with Mr Sharif. Mr Aziz also asserted that, as Mr Sharif s finance minister, he had negotiated between terms with the IMF and the World Bank, but the PML government was then dismissed and caretaker premier Moeen Qureshi had accepted less favourable conditions. Mr Aziz said Mr Qureshi had agreed to a budget deficit target of four per cent of the GDP (against the five per cent negotiated by Mr Aziz) and a reduction in maximum tariff to 35 per cent (against 50 per cent by Mr Aziz) during a visit to Washington in August 1993. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Opposition should jointly work out line of action Nawaz ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Nov. 18 Opposition leader Mian Nawaz Sharif on Saturday asked other parties in the opposition to sit together to evolve a national consensus on important issues facing the country and work out a line of action against the government. He said the people in general and the people of Punjab in particular should rise as time was fast running out. It s a now- or- never situation , he added. Referring to the maltreatment being meted out to opposition leaders, Mr Sharif said such conduct was unheard of in a democratic government or even in a martial law period. About the sedition case registered against him, Mr Sharif said if he could be assumed to have done such a thing, the people whose forefathers had worked for the creation of Pakistan could also be labelled as traitors. Condemning the alleged torturing of Mian Shahbaz Sharif, the PDP leader said the opposition should not sit idle. In case the opposition kept silent even on this issue and did not try to resist oppression, nobody would be secure in the future. He said all political leaders should sit together to map out a strategy to resist moves to impose what he called dictatorship or one-party rule. He said his party would support any step taken to stop violation of women s rights, torturing of political workers, and to protest against corruption and the price hike. The PDP would be ahead of all other parties if the people came out on roads, Arshad Chaudhry said. HRCP chairperson Asma Jehangir said the government should not victimise the opposition as the latter had its own status in the political system. She was of the view that when a government used police to victimise its opponents, it was unable to take the police to task for any illegal action committed by them. PML(J) leader Senator Tariq Chaudhry said the feudals, ruling the country, were responsible for all problems and they regarded people as their tenants. He underlined the need for collective efforts to get rid of the rulers. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Nawaz seeks public help to oust govt ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent SIALKOT, Nov. 19 Opposition leader Mian Nawaz Sharif has alleged that the present government s ill-advised foreign policy was a big threat to the security, solidarity and integrity of the country and were pushing the country towards economic disaster. He said he had started his march to oust this government and hoped that the nation would support him in his struggle. He said he had no personal motive behind the drive to oust the Benazir government. He claimed that during his tenure he had wanted to evolve a system of government that the country would have become a paradise on earth for people of every class. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Opposition criticised for attack on courts ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Nov. 19 The minister for law and justice N.D.Khan criticised the opposition for trying to disrupt the democratic system in the country. He said the opposition was stopping the MQM from continuing the dialogue with the government only because it wants to dislodge the government and establish Nawaz Sharif s government. The minister while denying the allegations of manhandling of Shahbaz Sharif criticised the opposition for its attitude against the judiciary. He denied that there was any truth in the matter. He said for the first time in the history of the subcontinent the institution of judiciary was ransacked under a planned conspiracy. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mechanism for justice, fairplay in 90 days if voted to power ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report PESHAWAR, Nov. 20 Leader of the Opposition Mian Nawaz Sharif pledged here Monday that on returning to power he will set up a mechanism within 60 days, which will ensure merit, fairness and justice for everyone. Corruption will also be routed out from the society, he added. The economic situation is so vulnerable, he said, that the World Bank and economic experts are predicting that the country may become bankrupt by the end of the current fiscal when the deficit now at 50 billion would be running into one hundred billion rupees. Criticising the PPP leadership for failing to give the country economic stability and the people security of life and honour, Nawaz Sharif claimed the people were frustrated and disappointed by the PPP government. Nawaz Sharif claimed that people were looking towards him with great expectations and he can only pull out the country from the current crisis and put it back on right tracks. Nawaz Sharif claimed that the PPP rulers have accumulated large fortunes and even a palace-like house had been purchased in France by Asif Zardari as they do not see any future in Pakistan. The people of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif said, were looking towards him for a call to rise against this corrupt and inefficient government, but he was waiting for a more suitable time. The PML president reiterated his challenge that he would retire from politics if a single case of corruption was proved against him. On the other hand, he said, the president of the country was involved in bank scam. He said Benazir Bhutto must understand that she would have to leave power one day, and she must subject others to excesses to an extent which she herself can endure. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Benazir taking revenge on nation Nawaz ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent HANGU, Nov. 21 Leader of the opposition Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif has accused Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto of taking revenge from the nation for the execution of her father, by promoting corruption, price hike, denial of justice and political victimisation in the country. Addressing a public meeting at Hangu on Tuesday, he accused the prime minister s spouse of large-scale plunder, alleging that Ms Bhutto had given him a free hand in financial matters. He claimed that Muslim League would soon return to power and would weed out corruption, horse trading, price hike and rid the country of heavy borrowings. He vowed to continue the struggle to liberate this country from the Bhutto clique and restore law and order in the society. He said that Benazir Bhutto s wrong policies have caused a great harm to the country s foreign relations and today friendly nations of Pakistan were opting for India in many matters. Criticising the policies of the government, he added the people have become frustrated and were ready to launch anti- government campaign. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 killed as bombs rip Egyptian embassy ------------------------------------------------------------------- Nasir Malick ISLAMABAD, Nov. 19 At least 14 persons were killed and 59 wounded when a suicide bomber, apparently belonging to a militant Islamic organisation of Egypt, crashed his vehicle through the gate of the Egyptian embassy on Sunday morning here, security and hospital sources said. Police believe the suicide bomber, driving a black vehicle, first threw a hand-grenade or some other explosive material to break open the main gate and after entering the embassy exploded another device which resulted in death and destruction. The dead include six Egyptians, one Afghan and seven Pakistanis, who were either members of the staff or had gone there for seeking visas. The dead Egyptians include visa counsellor Hasham Abu Wafa. Human flesh and limbs were scattered all around the embassy building when the reporters reached there. The rescue workers were seen collecting the limbs and pools of blood were seen everywhere. The ambulances of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) and Federal Government Services Hospital failed to cope with the situation and Edhi Centre was asked to send its ambulances. Security officials believe that a man in a black vehicle had first thrown some explosive to break open the embassy s main gate and then drove his vehicle inside. He perhaps wanted to crash his vehicle in to the building but did not succeed, one official said. In that case there would have been much more casualties. The Egyptian ambassador later told foreign minister Sardar Assef Ali and Najmuddin Sheikh that he was sitting in his office when the first blast took place. I immediately rushed towards the back stairs of my office towards my residence and then the second explosion took place bringing down the roof of the building, he said. My second in command who was in my room and had rushed to the front door died. Several cars parked in the embassy compound were twisted and their parts were found as far as 250 metres away from the building. The facade of the embassy building, the visa section and the guard room have been completely destroyed. However, the residential area inside the building was safe structurally. The sprawling compound of the embassy was littered with twisted metal, blood and flesh. The explosion caused widespread damage in the locality and shattered windowpanes of buildings as far as two miles. The nearby British diplomats colony, the ANZ Grindlays Bank, the United Nations Development Programme and IBM offices were the worst affected. Many employees of ANZ and IBM received injuries and had to be rushed to the hospital. The bank suspended its operations. Ambulances shifted the wounded to two most important hospitals of the Capital which lack the capacity to cope with such an emergency. The Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, the biggest hospital of the country could take 26 seriously injured and received five bodies. A doctor attending the emergency said two of the injured died because they could not be provided emergency medical help. We don t have space to accommodate so many people, you can see for yourself though we are told that we are working for the country s biggest hospital. The attack on the Egyptian embassy by militants has created panic in the Federal Capital, till now considered a fort and exposed the inefficiency of the concerned authorities. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Babar accepts responsibility for security lapse ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Nov. 19 Accepting responsibility for lapse of security arrangements in Islamabad, interior minister Naseerullah Babar said the report of the inquiry into the bomb blast at the Egyptian embassy would be placed before the house. He said such suicidal attempts are always successful anywhere in the world. However, the killing or injury to a single person is a matter of shame for the government. My head hangs in shame over the death of so many people. He said had the embassy informed us of any suspect persons we would have taken precautionary measures. We would have placed them in custody and taken necessary steps to avoid such an incident. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Security steps to be tightened, says Leghari ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Nov. 19 President Farooq Leghari has condemned bomb blasts in the Egyptian embassy and said the government would have to take additional security measures to stop recurrence of such incidents. We would now be checking more vigorously the acts of violence and terrorism and the instructions have just been issued to apprehend the culprits , he added. Talking to newsmen at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), where he had gone to see those injured in the bomb blasts, that the government would tighten security measures to provide protection to the diplomatic community. Answering a question, the President said the government would also like to know whether the incident occurred due to any security lapse. But my impression is that it was a suicide mission , he observed. The President termed the incident a tragic one and said he was shocked to know about the killing of so many innocent people. He said Egypt was a brotherly Islamic country and the killing of its people was a matter of great concern for Pakistan. He also talked to the concerned authorities present on the occasion and asked them to inform him urgently about the background of the blasts. Mr. Leghari directed executive director of the PIMS, Dr. Mushtaq, to properly look after the injured people. He also said that the government would provide special plane to airlift the bodies to Cairo. Assef shocked Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Sardar Assef Ahmad Ali said that he was deeply shocked and grieved over the tragedy at the Egyptian embassy situated in the diplomatic enclave here. In a statement issued here on Sunday, the minister said I was deeply shocked and grieved by the tragedy at the embassy of the Arab Republic of Egypt in the diplomatic enclave. It has resulted in the loss of many valuable and innocent lives and serious and extensive damage to the embassy building. According to the details available so far it was a terrorist act apparently perpetrated by a suicide bomber who may have blasted his way through the gate and set off a high explosive device in a pick up van. A preliminary count indicates that 13 persons, including six Egyptian officials (two diplomats) and 8 Pakistanis, including visitors to the embassy, local employees and policemen died in the blast while at least another 35 person were injured. As for damage to the property, not only the embassy has been severely damaged but window panes of nearby buildings, including the foreign office and some foreign missions were shattered causing minor injuries. Police party and security agencies were rushed to the embassy immediately and started providing relief assistance to the injured who were evacuated to the Polyclinic and PIMS. Army bomb blast squad also reached the spot immediately. An investigation team has been constituted which has already begun its work. The minister of interior and several cabinet ministers and foreign office officials have visited the site and condoled with the ambassador and his staff. Foreign office officials have also visited the hospitals to enquire about the treatment being given to the injured. The Egyptian ambassador has been assured of full help by the civil administration and the foreign office in coping with the aftermath of the tragedy. The government of Pakistan condemns this act of terrorism. It has conveyed to the government of Egypt its deep regrets about the loss of life and property and has pledged that no effort would be spared to trace the perpetrators and bring them to justice. On behalf of the government, I also offer my condolences to the bereaved families of the innocent Pakistanis who have lost their lives in this dastardly attack. We shall do all we can to help them in this tragic situation . DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Egyptian envoy narrowly escapes death ------------------------------------------------------------------- Anjum Niaz ISLAMABAD, Nov. 19 Egyptian Ambassador Noman Galal had a miraculous escape when I literally pushed the ambassador down the stairs when I heard the first bomb blast, his stunned personal assistant, Mr Mahboob, told Dawn, minutes after 13 bodies had been pulled out of the rubble. Had we waited for another minute, both the ambassador and myself would have been dead, he said. Giving a graphic account of the gory incident, he said that he was sitting by the glass windows in his room which fortunately were open and hence saved from breaking. On hearing the noise, he rushed outside in the hallway and saw his ambassador looking absolutely lost. I stopped him from going back into his room and instead pulled him down towards the stairs. A minute later another blast brought down the roof of the first storey where the ambassador s office was located. Mr Mahboob says he then lost sight of Mr Galal, because he got buried in concrete of the collapsed building. God saved me as I lay under a wooden beam. I thought my end had come. Mr Mahboob, however, never lost control of his senses, and with his hands and nails removed the rubble around him. As he struggled to join the survivors outside in the garden, he passed many mangled bodies on the ground floor. I couldn t recognise them. Mrs Noman Galal was shopping at Aabpara I heard the blast there and wondered what had happened. When I returned home, I saw ambulances and police around our embassy. Someone told me about the bomb blast. I was worried sick about my husband, she told Dawn as she showed this correspondent around the shattered rooms of her residence. Look at my living room. It has been wrecked. Our bedroom upstairs has also been completely destroyed, she said, trying very hard to keep her hysteria down. Mrs Galal had only recently refurbished the ambassador s residence, and both she and her husband were very proud of their home, considered to be one of the best diplomatic residences in Islamabad. Ambassador Gallal, who refused to talk to the Press, appeared in total control of the situation as he went about supervising the rescue operation. He kept telling this correspondent stoically It is okay, it is okay. But he wanted the army to cordon off the area which was beginning to fill up with people. Mr Galal, while talking to this correspondent about the massive tragedy which had just struck, was however unwilling to comment on the culprits responsible for such a heinous act. According to a highly-placed government source, the Egyptian Ambassador had written to the Interior Ministry last Thursday asking for added protection because they had received death threats. The IG Police, Asad Alavi, and top intelligence personnel went into a closed-door conference with Ambassador Galal at his residence. They not only looked grim but were tight-lipped as they escorted Interior Minister Naseerullah Babar to pay his personal condolences to the Egyptian Ambassador. Death and ruin hung over the area. On the way to the ambassador s house, the correspondent saw parts of a human brain lying next to strewn rose petals. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Six Egyptians die in blast ------------------------------------------------------------------- Faraz Hashmi ISLAMABAD, Nov 19 Five Egyptians, including second secretary Ahmed Nameer Khalid and visa counsellor Hasham Abu Wafa, among 13 killed in a huge bomb blast at the Egyptian embassy in the federal capital on Sunday. The lists issued by both Federal Government Services Hospital and Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital placed the death toll at 13 and 49 injured. Doctors at the Capital Hospital said that they treated 10 victims who were brought there raising the total of injured at 59. The death toll is expected to rise further as the rescue workers were still clearing the debris and some of injured at the hospital were said to be in a critical condition. Hunar Gul and Naseer Ahmed were the two serious patients at the Federal Government Services Hospital. Hunar Gul was a bit stable but Naseer Ahmed had very thin chances, a hospital source said. A Japanese diplomat, Mr Mot-o, and economic adviser of the embassy Abdullah Farooqi also received minor injuries by the window panes blown away by the blast. DWS 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Islamabad blast US expert to join probe ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Nov. 20 An American expert in explosives is arriving here to join investigations into Sunday s bomb blasts at the Egyptian embassy, killing 15 people and wounding more than 50, Interior Minister Naseerullah Babar mentioned. The offer to send the US expert was made by Washington to the interior minister on Monday morning. I have told him that we have no reservation and the US expert can join the committee constituted to carry out the investigation. The interior minister said a 15-member Egyptian delegation also arrived in Islamabad on Monday morning to investigate into the bomb blast. Some of them have come to accompany the bodies of Egyptian diplomats killed in Sunday s blast while the remaining will stay here to join the investigation committee. He said Pakistan was a victim of international terrorism. Many (militants) had come to Pakistan during the Afghan jehad against the Soviet Union and stayed back after the end of the war. Naseerullah Babar said one of the reasons why Pakistan was targeted by the so-called Egyptian Islamic militants was that it had extradited eight to 10 Egyptians earlier this year who were wanted on criminal charges in their home countries. Pakistan has been picked up for this terrorist act because, firstly these terrorists wanted to express their anger with their own government and secondly they wanted to give a signal to Pakistan that this can also happen here (if Pakistan continues to extradite Egyptians). He said the Sunday s bomb blast was a suicide mission and believed that the first bomb was thrown by the terrorist to bring the people out of the building in order to cause maximum casualties. The minister said Pakistan would have to face difficulties in its fight against national and international terrorism. The people should help the government efforts against this menace. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan was also a target, Egyptian group says ------------------------------------------------------------------- CAIRO, Nov. 21 The Muslim fundamentalist organisation, Jihad, one of three groups claiming responsibility for blowing up the Egyptian embassy in Islamabad on Sunday, said the Pakistani government was one of its targets. In a statement faxed to an international news agency on Tuesday, it said the bombing should teach Pakistan not to extradite Egyptian militants to Egypt. Egypt and Pakistan signed an extradition treaty in July last year and Pakistani diplomats say Pakistan has already extradited eight to 10 Egyptians wanted in Egypt on criminal charges. Jihad said those extradited from Pakistan had fought in Afghanistan and defended Pakistani Muslims. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PML condemns blasts in Egyptian embassy ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMADAD, Nov. 21 Pakistan Muslim League has condemned the bombing on the Egyptian Embassy and termed it as an abject failure of the government in providing adequate security to a diplomatic mission in Islamabad. It is an inevitable outcome of the incompetence of the PPP security apparatus since it has not been doing duty of protecting diplomats and citizens, rather it is engaged only in hounding and harassing the opposition, said a PML spokeswoman on Tuesday. This is the second such unfortunate instance in Pakistan within last six months, the first being in March 1995 when two American diplomats were killed in Karachi, and now the second incident of the Egyptian Embassy has taken place in the capital itself, she said. At a time when the Egyptian embassy was being made a target of sabotage and terrorism, the entire police, FIA and intelligence apparatus of the PPP regime was busy in hounding opposition leaders. The extent of insecurity and lawlessness is not confined to foreign diplomats posted in Pakistan as evident from the killings of the American and Egyptian diplomats, but the ordinary citizen of Islamabad is also not safe, she added. The same day that the Egyptian Embassy was bombed, there was an exchange of gunfire in the busiest bazaar of Islamabad. The Bazaar in which one shopkeeper was killed and two people injured. And the very next day, following a police raid on the residence of PPP MNA Ilyas Jutt who was staying in the official flats meant for Parliamentarians and officials, there was a gunfire in a residential area resulting in killing of one police man and one criminal, Agha Naveed, wanted in more than 50 cases in Lahore, who had taken refuge in the residence of the PPP MNA. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- ANP leader flays attack on Egyptian embassy ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent HYDERABAD, Nov. 22 The provincial senior vice-president of Awami National Party, Sindh, Haji Asmatullah Khan Mehsood, has condemned the attack on the Egyptian embassy in Islamabad and suggested that since the interior minister had admitted his inefficiency, therefore, he should resign from his post. He alleged that the PPP government was trying to destroy the country by unleashing a vendetta against the opposition leaders, and added that during the Prime Minister s visit to Khairpur, main opposition leaders and workers of the district had been arrested and sent to jail in false cases. He termed the attack on the leader of the opposition a conspiracy against Pakistan and warned that if any harm came to him then nobody would be safe in the country. He said there was hardly any margin for more experiment and called upon the people to visualise things in the larger interest of the nation. DWS 951119 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Govt determined to root out terrorism PM ------------------------------------------------------------------- M.B. Kalhoro LARKANA, Nov. 18 The government is determined to root out sectarianism, terrorism, and the Kalashnikov culture from the country by up keeping the flag of democracy said Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Ms Bhutto said, we are facing three big problems growing population coupled with unemployment and dearness, but, she added, the government under the present conditions had switched over from administrative economy to macro-economic policies to check unemployment and the rapid growth in population. The Prime Minister said we had to block terrorism, black- marketing, hoarding, tax evasion to surmount all problems. The Prime Minister said that dictators had ruined the country s economy, looted the national exchequer and given gifts of Kalashnikov culture, sectarianism, terrorism and lawlessness to the nation. But she promised that with the help of the people, the roots of democracy would be strengthen in the country. DWS 951118 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Govt creating doubts about arrested army officers ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Nov. 17 Chairman Senate s Standing Committee on Defence, Senator Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain has alleged that the government itself had been creating ambiguity and doubts for the past one month about the arrested army officers, and the contradictory statements and follies of government functionaries were being credited to the army. He said, the defence minister had stated one month ago in Lahore that no army officer was arrested and it was an internal matter of the army. But, he said, now the government had come out with what it called the so-called shariat system. Chaudhry Shujaat, said that from the beginning the PML has been avoiding to politicise the issue because it did not want to provide opportunity to the enemies to criticise the army. But the follies of the government functionaries, he regretted, had created doubts in the minds of the people who were not at all satisfied with government s explanations. DWS 951119 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Field court martial for held officers likely ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ihtasham ul Haque ISLAMABAD, Nov. 18 The army is likely to set up a field general court martial, headed by a lieutenant general, to try 40 military officers accused of plotting to overthrow the civilian government and eliminate the entire military top brass. The alleged conspiracy was foiled by the Military Intelligence (MI) and the suspected plotters were arrested on Sept 26. It is said the MI had learnt about the aborted coup plans two weeks earlier and had planted three of its agents in the group headed by Maj Gen Zaheerul Islam and Brig Mustansar Billa. These officers could also be tried under section 52 of the Army Act which deals with indiscipline and under which an accused person could be awarded a maximum of 14 years imprisonment. DWS 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Attack on Asma charge denied ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Nov. 20 Categorically denying that he was the author of a conspiracy behind an alleged abortive attack on Ms Asma Jahangir and her family advocate Muhammad Ismail Qureshi on Monday welcomed a probe into the allegation by the Pakistan Bar Council as demanded by its maker and hinted at initiating criminal proceedings for his defamation. He addressed a Press conference as chairman of the World Association of Muslim jurists to counter the charges levelled by the chairperson of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan. Though he had criticised Advocate Asma in his book on blasphemy, Mr Qureshy said, he could never be a party to a physical assault even on a blasphemer. His campaign for enactment of a law against blasphemy was meant to prevent such incidents and to make the offence punishable in accordance with the Holy Quran and Sunnah through the due process of law. He said it was for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of the relatives of Zia Kaunain, who has been accused of attack on Advocate Asma s family, that he filed his father s writ petition against police harassment. The petition was disposed of with the remarks that no unlawful action be taken against the members of the family of the accused. Like Ms Asma, Mr Qureshy distributed, besides a statement, some papers. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Asma denies Qureshi s charges ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report Lahore, Nov. 21 Human Rights Commission of Pakistan chairperson Asma Jahangir has refuted charges levelled by a lawyer, Ismail Qureshi, at a news conference here on Monday. She said Mr Qureshi s statement has confirmed my suspicions that he is responsible for inciting people to assassinate me. In a Press statement, Ms Asma said Mr Qureshi was trying to side-track the issue by making false allegations against her and raising doubts about her religious beliefs in an attempt to brush aside the allegation of being involved in criminal activities. She said Mr Qureshi was in the habit of using every dirty trick to justify his indecent actions and his contention that I use child labour in factories is regrettable as it is totally false. It is also irrelevant to the present controversy . DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ghafoor flays Babar s statement ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 21 Different religious organisations have criticised Interior Minister Naseerullah Babar s statement against religious institutions, and said that it reflected his anti-Muslim feeling. The Jamat-i-Islami, Jamaat Ahle Hadith and Jamait Ulema-i-Islam criticised the interior minister in their separate statements have taken a strong notice of his views. Jamat-i-Islami deputy chief Prof Ghafoor Ahmed said any move to involve Jamat-i-Islami or the Tablighi Ijtima participants in the bomb attack on Egyptian Embassy would be conspiracy against Islam and Pakistan. He said that the statement of interior minister Naseerullah Babar that Islamic University, Islamabad, being run under the supervision of the government, had become a safe heaven for terrorists was a charge-sheet against the minister and his government. By making such an irresponsible statement, Mr Babar had tarnished the image of Islamic university. He said that after failing on all fronts, the government had in fact become a burden on the country and the citizens . DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Major crackdown of religious groups in Punjab ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Nov. 21 In a major crackdown on religious parties, the Punjab government arrested several leaders and workers belonging to Sipah-i- Sahaba Pakistan, Tehrik-i-Jafria Pakistan and Sipah-i-Muhammad, in different parts of the province, on Tuesday. This move is being seen as a precautionary security operation in the wake of Egyptian embassy blast. The preventive detention coincided with the arrest of the two top Sipah-i-Sahaba Pakistan leaders Maulana Azam Tariq, MNA, and SSP patron-in-chief Maulana Ziaur Rahman Farooqi, for their alleged involvement in the murder of Shah Nawaz Pirzada, father of PPP MNA, Riaz Hussain Pirzada. All the arrested leaders and workers will reportedly remain in confinement for three months. Some two dozen leaders and workers of the Sipah-i-Sahaba Pakistan , the Sipah-i-Muhammad and the Tehrik Jafria Pakistan were arrested by local police in connection with the blast in the Egyptian embassy. Police are conducting further raids in urban and rural areas to arrest more people. Meanwhile, according to a Press release issued by the TJP provincial secretariat, Punjab police arrested several Tehrik leaders and workers in different parts of the province. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Other parties workers also held TJP offices in Sindh sealed ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Nov. 22 The offices of the Tehrik-i-Jafria Pakistan (TJP) in Karachi, Hyderabad and Nawabshah were sealed and 70 workers arrested from different parts of the country, the TJP claimed on Wednesday. Allama Iftikhar Hussain Naqvi, general secretary of the TJP condemned the government action against the party and workers and said the government was doing so to conceal its failure to protect the lives and property of the people. He accused the interior minister Naseerullah Babar of master-minding the arrests in order to cover up his weaknesses. He claimed that the interior minister was incompetent and even failed to protect the diplomatic missions in the Capital. He warned the government to give up fascist tactics otherwise the TJP will strongly react. OUR LAHORE BUREAU ADDS As many as 245 leaders and supporters of what are being described as sectarian organisations have been detained in the Punjab during the last 24 hours and deputy commissioners and the superintendents of police have been directed to arrest all those who are likely to create trouble. The detentions have been ordered under the Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance (MPO). DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Opposition boycotts Senate proceedings ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Nov. 22 The entire opposition in the Senate on Wednesday staged a token boycott of the proceedings when Senate Chairman Wasim Sajjad disallowed Senator Hafiz Hussain Ahmed to raise the issue of the arrest of Ulema. Hafiz Hussain Ahmed, expressed concern over the detention of foreigners suspected to be involved in the Egyptian Embassy blast. They had come here to attend the Tableeghi congregation at Raiwind, he added. Mr Sajjad, terming the situation important, asked the senator to move the issue in a proper manner after some time. On this Minister of State for Law and Justice Raza Rabbani said that under the rules, call-attention notice could not be moved during discussion on the presidential address. Jamaat-i-Islami Chief Senator Qazi Hussain Ahmed, objecting Rabbani s remarks, said, If we are not allowed to speak on the issue, we reserved the right to boycott the proceedings. Qazi Hussain Ahmed left the House, followed by the entire opposition. Later, the chairman adjourned the proceedings for 15 minutes when Sardar Bashir Tareen of the ANP came into the House to point out the quorum. After the opposition ended its boycott, Hafiz Hussain Ahmed was allowed to express his views on a point of order.

BUSINESS & ECONOMY

=================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------- IMF stand-by loan linked to fresh conditions ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shaheen Sehbai WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 Pakistan and the IMF appeared making progress on Saturday over a 250 million dollar stand-by loan seen by Islamabad as a stepping stone for restoring the country s shattered credibility with the world body. The IMF has handed over the draft of the Letter of Intent to the Pakistani team, and it could be initialled as early as Saturday afternoon or latest by Monday, if Pakistan accepts the new IMF conditions, an informed source told Dawn. According to one insider the IMF had also objected to the launching of the Rs 25,000 prize bond by the government because it was likely to further depress the Stock Exchange as money was already being pulled out of the stock market and pumped into the scheme. Pakistan considers the IMF stand-by loan as crucial to its international credibility and rating because Islamabad is on the verge of launching the two billion dollar Ghazi Barotha Dam project for which more than half of the money has to come from international money lenders like the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and others. All these institutions would be looking upto the IMF to give the green signal for lending almost a billion dollars to Pakistan in the next three to five years, and the IMF would like to ensure that the Pakistani economy was resilient enough to generate repayments for these loans. Some experts here believe the Bhutto Government could accept any IMF conditions now to get the financing for the Ghazi Barotha project in place, and once this crucial time was over, it could then reconsider its priorities at the time of the next budget. DWS 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Dialogue with IMF nearing decision ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shaheen Sehbai WASHINGTON, Nov. 20 Talks between the IMF and a Pakistani delegation for a 250 million dollar stand-by loan entered a crucial stage on Monday, but both sides maintained a discreet silence over the progress. Observers, monitoring the talks, said the very fact that an adviser of Mr Jafarey s standing had to refer the conditions for prime minister s approval was an indication that he was not in a position to say yes instantly. The IMF has always been insisting on increasing government revenues and cutting down the budget deficit and this time they may be asking for a definite time frame for what steps had to be taken and when, one observer said. These steps might involve politically difficult decisions and might further increase the cost of living, including the energy, gas and petroleum rates, besides imposition of more taxes, they said. Pakistan is seeking the stand-by loan to send a message across the financial world that the IMF had restored its status as a dependable country and this would enable Islamabad to raise about one billion dollars for the Ghazi Barotha Dam Project, now ready for international financing. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- No fresh conditions IMF okays stand-by loan of $600m ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shaheen Sehbai WASHINGTON, Nov. 21 The IMF will provide 600 million dollars to Pakistan under a 15-month stand-by arrangement announced after seven days of hectic negotiations. This will serve as a stepping stone towards a new multi-year Extended Structural Adjustment Facility arrangement in 1996-97. Pakistan will get an up-front amount of 200 million dollars while the rest of the 400 million dollars would be disbursed in two equal portions, prime minister s adviser V.A. Jafarey told a news conference. Mr Jafarey said the new arrangement would be approved by the Board of the IMF in the third week of December. The ESAF arrangement would be restored sometime next year, he said. Asked what new conditions the IMF had introduced for the 600 million dollar loan, Mr Jafarey said that until the IMF Board approved the loan, he could not talk about these conditions. But, he said, the IMF had considered as adequate the devaluation of the rupee by seven per cent. No more devaluation has been asked by the IMF for the new loan. The adviser, however, said structural adjustments will have to be made next year when the ESAF is restored. To a question whether the current reserves included the two billion dollars of private dollar deposits, Mr Jafarey hesitatingly said Yes. To a question whether the 600 million dollar loan was a surprise, as lower figure were being discussed earlier, he said Pakistan had received 52 per cent, of its IMF quota whereas other countries usually got up to 37 per cent of their quotas in stand-by facilities. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan economic crisis lingers ------------------------------------------------------------------- Aslam Shaikh ISLAMABAD, Nov. 22 Tuesday s understanding with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for a stand-by loan of $ 600 million has been received with some relief here. Nonetheless it is not the end of the matter. At best it represents a partial reconciliation with the IMF because Pakistan has once again to go through the tortuous process of negotiating a fresh Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) to back up its reform programme during the next financial year. The IMF has apparently not agreed to restore forthwith the last elaborately-negotiated accord which was suspended in the wake of our budgets failure to contain the overall budgetary deficit within the limits prescribed in that arrangement. Pakistan s reluctance to lower the external tariff in one go the ceiling suggested by international donors for easy access to Pakistan s market was also an important factor leading to the IMF penalty. Under the circumstances there was no other alternative but to seek a stand-by loan linked with our own quota and which the IMF could not turn down because of certain privileges enjoyed by member state. However, unlike ESAF given on concessional interest the stand-by facility covers only one to two years and loaned on market-related interest rate. It also adds to a country s debt servicing difficulties, though not as much as a routine commercial credit. The stand-by arrangement with the IMF now buys some time for Pakistan. While the financial emergency stemming from IMF s earlier penalty is over, Pakistan s economic crisis lingers requiring drastic measures to overcome the resource crunch in order to eliminate frequent recourse to external help. In the immediate context the partial reconciliation with the IMF may enable Pakistan to proceed with the projects for which financing has already been arranged, but the long-term scenario compels a serious and sober reappraisal of our mounting non- development expenditure. DWS 951117 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Yaqub rules out any further devaluation ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Nov. 16 Governor State Bank of Pakistan Dr Mohammad Yaqub said the Government would not readjust the value of rupee in the near future, because it intends to pursue tight fiscal and monetary policies. In an interview, he said, the rupee was not devalued under any external pressure, adding it was the only solution to enhance the country s falling exports. He said some 25 years ago the global economies followed fixed exchange rate system, and if a country devalued its currency its economy was considered as weak. Although, now the floating exchange system persists nearly all over the world and the developed countries work on the basis of supply and demand of the currency. But Pakistan s economy is not strong enough to allow the market forces to determine the rates. We have a managed float system in which the State Bank of Pakistan determines how the currency should behave, he added. But the basic requirement for creeping devaluation is that there should be no speculation in the market and nobody should get the clue. Unfortunately speculators read the indicators by noting that country s reserves were falling and also India had devalued its currency and hence Pakistan would follow suit, he added. Speculators started to hoard dollars and in this environment the creeping devaluation cannot succeed, he said. DWS 951117 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Irrelevant details may disqualify many tax-payers ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 16 Irrelevant details and information being sought by the Income Tax Officers (ITOs) may result in disqualification of a large number of tax-payers from the broad-based Self Assessment Scheme (SAS) introduced by the government this year. What is perturbing the income tax practitioners is that under the garb of these notices, assessing officers ask irrelevant details, such as proof and evidence of the various expenditures like gas bill, electricity bills, statement of personal expenditures etc. Tax practitioners are of the view that though the notices being issued by the ITOs are within the legal framework, asking for irrelevant information and details from tax-payer is in clear violation of the rules governing the Self-assessment Scheme. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shares recover on active short-covering ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 19 The KSE 100-share index, which was up by about 10 points partly on the strength of active short-covering in the indexed shares reacted later on selling prompted by news of bomb blasts. Prices did recover modestly towards the closing bell on active short- covering at the lows, enabling the 100-share index to close fractionally lower by 1.11 per cent at 1,472.80 as compared to 1,473.91 at the last weekend, showing a stiff resistance from the blue chips. The KSE all-share index also fell 1.54 points to 831.35 from the previous 832.89, a relatively better performance. Although the early market advance was led by heavy buying in PTC shares, the chief inspiring factor behind the early return of a bull market is said to be a record profit of about Rs 17 billion earned by the PTC. PTC shares also failed to maintain initial gains as they were quoted as higher as Rs 29.60 before finishing modestly lower. Parke-Davis maintained its upward drive closing with another big gain of 40 to quote at Rs 750 followed by National Fibre, D.G.Khan Cement, MCB, Pakland Cement, Engro Chemicals, Fauji Fertilisers, Essa Cement, Asian Stocks, and some other, which rose by Rs 1.50 to 3. Among the leading shares which suffered sharp setback Packages, Dewan Textiles, PSO and Shafiq Textiles were leading falling by Rs 4 to 10. They were followed by National Leasing, Adamjee Insurance, Rupali Polyester, S.G.Power and Ciba-Geigy. million shares followed by Hub-Power, easy 15 paisa on 1.537 million shares, ICI Pakistan up 35 paisa on 268,300 shares, Dawood Leasing, higher 50 paisa on 277,500 shares, Dhan Fibre, unchanged on 227,800 shares, Ibrahim Fibre, lower 25 paisa on 174,00 shares, and Faysal Bank, down 25 paisa on 134,200 shares. There were some other notable deals also. Trading volume showed a modest rise at 9.514 million shares from the last weekend s 9 million shares. There were 351 active, out of which 178 shares fell, while 87 rose, with 86 holding on to the last levels. DWS 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Selective buying on many counters ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 20 Selective buying emerged strong on a number of counters on Monday, but the overall sentiment remained bearishly inclined owing to fresh selling on the overvalued shares. The Karachi Stock Exchange index of 100-share tended further lower by 17.39 point at 1,455.41 as compared to 1,472.80 a day earlier as base shares finished further shaded. Analyst feel the next two weeks might be crucial for the direction of the market as investors will await some more positive developments on the peace front before opting for all-out buying to recoup in part losses spread over a year. Performance of the PTC was well above the market expectations as an annual revenue of $1 billion for the year 1995 was a big figure judged by any standard, dealers said. The early euphoria for the Rs 25,000 prize bonds is over and investors are back in the rings, although the funds are still be re-ploughed back in shares. Some of the investment shares attracted good support at the lower levels under the lead of banks shares, notably Crescent, Bank of Punjab, International Bank, KASB & Co, MCB, Prudential Bank, and some others, finishing with modest recoveries. Barring Asian Stocks and some others, mutual funds remained under pressure and so were modarabas, but leasing shares came in for stray support at the lower levels. Dawood Leasing among them was the most active scrip after rumours of take-over and Al-Baraka group s active participation in its management affairs. Adamjee Insurance remained under pressure and so did other leading insurance shares followed by the volatile textile sector which was again the victim of larger cotton sales totalling 2.5 million bales. Synthetic, cement and energy shares were, however, actively traded but ended mostly with fresh setback. Most active among them managed to finish with good gains after early losses. PSO, and some others were leading among them, while Shell Pakistan, National Refinery, Honda- Atlas and some others fell. Among the MNCs which remained under pressure, Ciba-Geigy, Fauji Fertiliser, Rafhan, Maize, Pakistan Tobacco, Searle Pakistan, and some others. Among the local blue chips, which fell heavily Dewan Textiles, and Shafiq Textiles were leading, falling sharply lower. Parke-Davis was leading among the big gainers, rising to Rs 800, posting as average gain of Rs 40 in each session and as there was a shortage of a floating stock prices tended higher. PTC led the list of most actives, off Rs 1.25 on 1.839 million shares followed by Hub-Power, easy 25 paisa on 16.07 million shares, Dhan Fibre, lower 40 paisa on 851,300 shares, Dewan Salman, off Rs 1.65 on 567,0000 shares, Dawood Leasing, up Rs 1.95 on 323,500 shares, Faysal Bank, easy 20 paisa on 252,500 shares, ICI Pakistan, off Rs 1.10 on 141,900 shares, and Nadeem Textiles, up 25 paisa on 150,000 shares. There were several other notable deals also. Trading was maintained at the overnight level of 9 million shares, while losers led gainers by 223 to 75 with 84 share loading on the last levels. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Institutional traders move in to cover positions ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 21 Stocks took a breather from the protracted bearish spell on Tuesday as institutional traders moved in to cover positions at the lower levels. The Karachi Stock Exchange index of share prices showed a fractional decline of 0.59 at 1,454.92 as compared to 1,455.51 a day earlier, reflecting the strength of base shares. Barring 15 per cent cash dividend by Atlas Battery and Atlas Honda for the year ended June 30, 1995, the dividend news were disappointing as they took their toll in terms of price erosion in their respective counters. The leading omissions were Genertech Pakistan, Regal Fibre, Plastobag, Shabbir Tiles, and Prince Glass, which surprised analysts. Big gainers were again led by Parke-Davis, which showed a fresh good gain of Rs 20 at 820 on a turnover of 1,400 shares, which meant investors are taking profit. It was followed by blue chips, notably Ghemini Leasing, PSO, Shell Pakistan, International Industries, and Engro Chemicals, which recovered by Rs 2 to 3.50. Other good gainers included Dadabhoy Insurance, Nagina Cotton, Mari Gas, S.G.Power, and Elite Publishers. Prominent losers were led by Lever Brothers, ICI Pakistan Dawood Leasing, Pilcorp, Glaxo Lab, and Nestle Pakistan, falling by Rs 2 to 5. The most active list was again topped by PTC vouchers, up 45 paisa on 2.317 million shares, followed by Hub-Power higher 45 paisa on 2.784 million shares, Dewan Salman, off one rupee on 790,000 shares, Dhan Fibre, steady five paisa on 305,800 shares, Ibrahim Fibre, higher 40 paisa on 305,500 shares, Dawood Leasing, off Rs 2 on 241,000 shares, Faysal Bank, up 15 paisa on 237,500 shares, and Maple Leaf Cement, higher 75 paisa on 140,800 shares. There were some other notable deals also. Trading volume rose to 11.056 million shares from the previous 9.506 million shares owing to active covering purchases in the current favourites. There were 359 actives, out of which 100 shares rose, 197 fell, with 62 holding on to the last levels. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Stocks falls massively on hasty selling ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 22 Stocks fell massively on hasty selling spurred by rumours of an imminent second devaluation of the rupee by three per cent, pushing the KSE 100-share index down by about 35 points. The index seemed to be set to breach the 1,400-point resistance level whether the year-end buying re-emerges or not at the fag-end of December. It has already lost well over 50 points during the week. Analysts said news that the forex reserves have fallen below the psychological barrier of $1 billion on Wednesday worried investors as it reflected the economy is in a bad shape and exports are not picking up despite 10 per cent devaluation of the rupee some weeks back. Most of the MNCs and indexed shares led the market retreat, falling sharply under the lead of Lever Brothers, ICI Pakistan including its right shares, Brooke Bond, Engro Chemicals and Honda-Atlas, falling by Rs 2 to 20. The recent upward drive in Parke-Davis was also halted as after the post interim dividend sustained rise of well over Rs 450, it reacted by Rs 10. Among the local blue chips, which fell sharply Dawood Leasing after news of the failure of take-over bid by Al-Baraka, Ghemini Leasing, KASB & Co, Dadabhoy insurance, Dewan Salman, Zeal-Pak Cement and D.G.Khan Cement. Some of the leading shares managed to put on good gains under the lead of Grays of Cambridge, Sandoz Pakistan and International Industries. Dividend news from Javedan Cement, and Wah Noble Chemicals were encouraging and should have evoked good interest in a normal trading sessions but were overshadowed owing to general decline. The most active list was topped by Hub-Power, off 55 paisa on 2.100 million shares, followed by PTC vouchers, easy 30 paisa on 2.025 million shares, Dewan Salman, down Rs 2.90 on 1.219 million shares, Dhan Fibre, lower 30 paisa on 529,000 shares, Faysal Bank, off Rs 1.20 on 348,000 shares, Dawood Leasing, off Rs 2.95 on 227,700 shares, Genertech Pakistan, unchanged on 144,000 shares and Ibrahim Fibre, off 90 paisa on 111,000 shares. Trading volume fell to 9.422 million shares from the overnight 11.056 million shares owing to the absence of leading buyers. There were 337 actives, out of which 227 shares fell, while only 37 rose, with 73 holding on to the last levels. DWS 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- KEPZ unit facing difficulty due to regulatory duty ------------------------------------------------------------------- Aamir Shafaat Khan KARACHI, Nov. 20 Activities at the Karachi Export Processing Zone (KEPZ), comprising 84 small and medium-sized industrial units, may come to a virtual halt in near future following government s decision to levy 5 per cent regulatory duty on all imports at the KEPZ. The industrialists, with an estimated investment of $ 77.97 million, are in a state of virtual panic for a possible standstill of their operation and exports to foreign countries in case the government remains firm on its stand to maintain the decision. A number of investors, who were planning to make investment for expansion of their existing units or setting up new projects, are now giving a fresh look at their plans after studying the financial implications of the 5 per cent regulatory duty. At present the industrial units are dependent on the pile up inventories of imported raw material lying in their godowns that may wipe out within two or three days. The industrialists have also not cleared their imported shipment of raw material lying at the Customs/Ports since the government has imposed this decision. They fear that the recent imposition of duty will not prove feasible to run the units resulting in a colossal losses and possible closure. In a bid to apprise the government about the effects of the decision, a five-member investors team headed by the President of Chamber of Investors at the KEPZ, Mr Jamil Akhtar has flown to Islamabad on Monday to meet Secretary Finance Mr Javed Talat within two or three days. This team includes three foreign investors who are Mr Vandorne, Mr Tibor and Mr Hiran. Two members of the Managing Committee of the Chamber Mr Siddique Umar and Mr Ali Ahmad are also members of the team. Mr Ali Ahmad disclosed that the ambassadors of Netherlands, Belgium and Canada are also expected to meet the senior officials including the Finance Secretary and the Secretary of Board of Investment to plead the case of the investors of their respective countries on the issue of levy of 5 per cent regulatory duty. Mr Ali Ahmed said that exports from KEPZ amounts to $ 55 to $ 60 million per annum while the export figures from a single unit ranges >from $ 6 to $ 10 million per annum. In case the decision to levy 5 per cent regulatory duty on imports for the KEPZ units is not reversed, the investors might have no choice but close them down which could render 8,000 to 10,000 employees of the Zone jobless , Mr Ali Ahmad warned. He said prior to this decision all exports from the KEPZ were subjected to one per cent development surcharge. He said the Conference, despite rules of EPZA that no change would be made in the incentive package which may pull eye brow of investors, had taken an untimely decision when the investment in the Zone from foreign countries was in a take off position. Meanwhile, President, Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Haji Shafiqur Rehman, in a statement, expressed his surprise over government s decision and argued that the EPZA had enjoyed complete tax exemption all over the world. He said the recent decision was a violation of agreement with the foreign investors and added there was no provision of duty drawback for the zones-based exporters. He opined that the decision would undermine the efforts that are being made to attract the foreign investors and urged the government to immediately issue the clarification to avoid the confusion. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Traders in state of shock over postponement of PSI issues talks ------------------------------------------------------------------- Parvaiz Ishfaq Rana KARACHI, Nov. 21 The postponement of the scheduled meeting by the minister for commerce with the Pre-Shipment Inspection (PSI), companies on Tuesday, to discuss thorny issues of excessive valuation of imported goods and transparency of the system left trade and industry in a state of disarray. He said that the business community in general, and the importers in particular, had been facing a lot of hardships since the introduction of Pre-Shipment Inspection scheme by the government. The trade sources said that when the scheme was introduced, the problems that were confronted by the importers were considered as the teething problems, arising from inexperience of the staff of the two PSI companies, but there was no let up and the problems have multiplied manifold. Even today the liaison offices of PSI companies are still not adequately manned to satisfy the importers because petty, clerical and typing mistakes are not rectified immediately, as they have no powers to do so, without referring to their foreign affiliates, importers lamented. A leading importers said, the crux of the problem is that the pre- inspection companies are invariably doing excessive valuation of imported goods and their method is not transparent and they are also, not satisfying the importers about their valuation. These companies generally refuse to give documentary evidence or other legal basis in support of the CRF values, although under the law they are required to give evidence, he added. It is felt that most of the valuation disputes arise as PSI companies give the value in CRF on the basis of prices prevalent on the date of inspection, while for customs purposes the value prevalent on the date of filing of Bill of Entry is required. As a result even the values given in CRF are not accepted by the Customs and they arbitrarily assess value of the imported goods. It is also being said that in addition to this, the customs have also started issuing Valuation Advice which has complicated the problem. The trade sources further alleged that the Working Committee constituted under SRO 1108(I)/94, to resolve the specific disputes was functioning without any rules and regulations with the result that the disputes remain unresolved, causing delays and financial losses to concerned importers. Besides, these sources said, there was no provision of compensation to the importers in case they suffer losses due to delays in examination or issuance of CRF for which inspection firms are responsible. There is a general complaint that the PSI companies are inflating the prices simply to justify their existence. They are enhancing the value of even those goods which are being imported under concessionary notifications, exhorted a leading importer. All these problems are adding to the cost of production of the local industries, making their products uncompetitive in the international market, said an industrialist. The trade and industry apprehended that if the problem of excessive valuation and its transparency are not resolved urgently and the system is not streamlined, it will induce and encourage smuggling to such an extent that both the legal imports and local industries will be badly hurt. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 5% regulatory duty on imports from EPZ withdrawn ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Nov. 22 The government on Wednesday decided in principle to withdraw the 5 per cent regulatory duty on imports of raw material from the Export Processing Zone (EPZ). A spokesman of Export Processing Zone Authority (EPZA) Mr. Talat, told Dawn on Wednesday that the meeting also reached an undertaking to the effect that consignment of imported raw material lying in customs/port would be released without any duty. He went on to say that the importers should furnish an undertaking to pay the regulatory duty and their goods should be allowed clearance by the Customs. Mr.Talat also mentioned that necessary steps would be taken by the CBR to issue the required SRO in this regard. The spokesman said that CBR s previous decision to impose 5 per cent regulatory duty was hard to swallow as the EPZs had been declared foreign territory for the purpose of imports and a separate country code had been allocated to the Zone by the State Bank and Customs. DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts* DAWN FACTS Another first from the DAWN Group of Newspapers --- the people who brought you the first on-line newspaper from Pakistan --- comes DAWN Facts, a new and powerful Fax-on-Demand service, the first service of its kind in Pakistan, giving you access to a range of information and services. Covering all spheres of life, the service arms you with facts to guide you through the maze of life, corporate and private, in Pakistan. With information on the foreign exchange rates, stock market movements, the weather and a complete entertainment guide, DAWN Facts is your one- stop source of information. 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EDITORIALS & FEATURES

=================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------- Unnar ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ardeshir Cowasjee SINCE I last wrote on Ghulam Hussain Unnar ( Fascism , Nov. 3) his fortunes have further faded. Most importantly, he has been deprived of another 14-day period of liberty, during which his health has deteriorated. His remand in the 58th case registered against him having expired on November 8, he was remanded yet once more in police custody in the 59th case. The SHO Gulbahar Police Station reported to the magistrate It is submitted that on 20-1-93, unknown persons injured the case complainant (FIR 7/93) and his gunman and had snatched Rs 424,000 and one 7-MM Rifle. Today in theft case, accused Ghulam Hussain Unnar, s/o Mohammad Unnar, was arrested. Since investigation is to be completed and stolen property is to be recovered, it is therefore prayed that remand of the accused in police custody up to 21-11-95 may kindly be ordered. Magistrate s order Accused could not appear in the Court as he is admitted in the NICVD ward at Jinnah Hospital as indoor patient and unable to attend in court for report of RMO NICVD ward, as such I remand the accused to P.C. up to 21-11-95 for investigation of the case. Sd/- Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 1, 1st class Magistrate, Karachi Central, 8-11-95. How did the SHO suddenly realise after a lapse of a thousand days that Unnar was one of the unknown persons ? The most damaging retrogression in Unnar s predicament was evidenced in the Sindh High Court on that same November 8. His bail application in the sedition case filed against him by the government was rejected. This very sick man s application was vehemently opposed by the government s Assistant Advocate-General K.M. Nadeem, and the recently appointed Justices Ali Mohammed Baloch and Abdul Latif Qureshi could not find cogent reasons to free Unnar on bail. Nadeem relied heavily on case law relating to the refusal of bail to none other than Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak in the famous 1908 case, Tilak vs. Edward VII Rex Imperator. Tilak s application was pleaded by none less than Mohammed Ali Jinnah. If Barrister Jinnah could not bail out Tilak, how could it be expected of Unnar s Barrister, Azizullah Shaikh, to bail out Unnar? Nadeem may perhaps not know the full Tilak story. In the summer of 1908, Tilak was arrested and charged with seditious writings for several editorials published in his Poona newspaper, Kesari. Tilak represented himself before the Bombay High Court, but immediately after his arrest he was held without bail. He secured the services of Jinnah to plead for his release pending trial. But British justice had closed its mind on Tilak long before the trial began and Jinnah s valiant pleadings were of no avail. Jinnah s arguments may have fallen on deaf ears, but they attested not only to his brilliance as a barrister but to his national leadership potential. A lesser man could well have found some excuse and refused to plead on behalf of the leader of an opposing political party. Not Jinnah. He stood up for Tilak in 1908 and once again in 1916 when he defended him on another sedition charge and won, thus winning the gratitude and admiration of Hindu India s foremost conservative leader. Now to Unnar the man. He hails from a family of Sindhi politicians, call them zamindars, waderas, rustlers, private jail owners, common thieves or what you will. His veins flow with the same blood as his fellow Sindhis the Bhuttos, the Jatois, the Junejos, the Khuhros, the Syeds, the Shahs, the whole jing-bang lot. Unnar, like the others, has been in and out of all our political beds, but his sin this time round was to fall out of the wrong side of the PPP bed. They first got Unnar on 12 corruption cases and he was jailed. But he managed to get out on bail. They next tried Preventitive Detention Orders passed by the DC, Larkana, and the Sindh Home Secretary. These were challenged in the High Court but before they could be heard the detention periods expired. The Karachi police were then roped in to operate the blind FIR cycle. This clumsy system has so far worked well and efficiently, and Unnar has continually remained in police custody for almost two years, implicated, so far, in 59 cases. Unnar s health is precarious. Born in 1949, in 1974 he had his first heart attack. In 1986 he had coronary by-pass surgery, and since then his heart problem has aggravated, and in view of the poor condition of his heart he can have no further by-passes. A heart transplant is the sole solution, for which he will have to go abroad. His medical problems as listed by Professors Azhar Faruqui and Sultan A. Shah, the medical board constituted by the government, are Advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy with ventricular arrythmias uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus Uremia Hyperlipidemia Hyperuricemia chronic ENT infection chronic acid-peptic disease chronic depression obesity. Incarceration increases depression, decreases his general health, and reportedly his heart is now pumping at a 20 per cent efficiency. A sample of the cases in which so far he has been implicated The 38th case, blind FIR 99/94 Unnar was arrested on 30.3.95 and remanded into custody for an offence committed on 28.12.94 on which day, he was in police custody, guarded by four policemen round the clock, at the NICVD. The 39th case, blind FIR 95/94 Unnar was arrested on 11.4.95 and remanded in custody for an offence committed on 6.7.94 on which day, he was in police custody, guarded by four policemen round the clock, at the NICVD. The 40th case, blind FIR 283/94 Unnar was arrested on 25.4.95 and remanded in custody for an offence committed on 21.7.94 on which day, he was in police custody, guarded by four policemen round the clock, at the NICVD. The 42nd case blind FIR 219/94 Unnar was arrested on 11.5.95 and remanded in custody for an offence committed on 14.8.94 on which day, he was in police custody, guarded by four policemen round the clock, at the NICVD. For a man to be held continuously in custody for almost two years, simply through the machinations of the SHOs of various police stations in Sindh, one must conclude that he has been subjected to a deliberate effort coordinated by hidden hands in the police stations, in Police Headquarters, in the Chief Minister s office. And, without the active connivance of some higher-up in Islamabad, these hidden hands could not act. By whom are they being controlled? On December 21, 1994, after having been implicated in 29 cases and having remained continuously in police custody since March 22, 1994, Unnar appealed to the President, to some other heads of state and to their ambassadors, to human rights bodies, etc., as a result of which the state seemingly retorted, we have every right to beat you but how dare you cry , and punished him by filing a case of sedition against him. The point arises as to whose actions were responsible for bringing into hatred and contempt the federal or provincial government established by law , and who was to be punished for these actions? Was it the police and the state, or was it Unnar? In a case such as Unnar s, is it possible for the Chief Justice, in the exercise of the Supreme Court s human rights jurisdiction, to take suo moto cognisance of the exercise of police power or the power to arrest under the above facts and circumstances, specifically with a view to determining whether or not any illegality or crime has been committed by the official agencies? Unnar s bail application having been rejected by the High Court, Azizullah is now filing an appeal in the Supreme Court, where it will probably be heard by My Lord, the Chief Justice of Pakistan, Sajjad Ali Shah (an appeal against whose decision lies only with Our Lord in Heaven), who of necessity has to be and is a compassionate man. DWS 951118 ------------------------------------------------------------------- As the haemorrhage continues ------------------------------------------------------------------- M.B. Naqvi KILLING of 15 people by unknown persons and six other violent deaths in a single day (Nov. 2) occasioned much horror. What made it worse was the sickening exchange of unsubstantiated charges between the government and the MQM each accused the other of masterminding the ghastly massacre. Adequate evidence is lacking and the atmosphere has become highly charged by unending partisanship in blaming the other side. Today two camps have emerged throughout the country one keeps its gaze obsessively fixed on MQM terrorism and refuses to consider anything else until and unless it is condemned out of hand. They dismiss all other things, including the gross excesses of the security forces as secondary. The second school, although it condemns terrorism, both per se and of the MQM, finds the conduct of the state apparatus reprehensible and far more to blame. They infer from known facts the number and circumstances of custodial deaths, the frequency and circumstances of police encounters and the arrests and treatment to young Mohajir boys after each siege and search operation and the way they obtain their release. All this has gone on for three and a half years in Karachi and other cities. State is perceived as having targeted a defined ethnic group all its members are being treated as suspects it is asserted the majority of the Mohajirs are anyhow MQM s voters and supporters. But those who get surrounded in such operations and have to undergo the humiliating procedures of getting themselves and or their sons or nephews released after payment of backbreaking bribes regard the problem differently. For them the state, in the shape of its security services and agencies , is an unfriendly visitation that has nothing to do with them. Most Urdu-speaking people, from vendors of vegetables to writers, focus mainly on the behaviour of the state. They more often than not fear the MQM s final success as much as they detest the conduct of the agencies . But to them and to many other intellectuals and politicians of varied ethnic backgrounds, primacy belongs to state s behaviour. If it does not obey its own laws and gives its security forces a licence to kill suspects, its culpability overrides everything else, even heinous crime by individuals. If the state wants to remain acceptable at least as a civilised entity Authority in Karachi and the urban areas has to reverse its course urgently. The point is that the latter school is quite as inflexible as PPP- supporting intellectuals who think the widely-reported-but-largely- unproven MQM terrorism adequately justifies the state to adopt the measures it has. Meanwhile, the haemorrhage, human as well as political and economic, goes on and no one seems to be in control, because the government, at both federal and provincial levels, is now party to the dispute with MQM that people increasingly see as an ethnic and communal clash. MQM supporters in all towns and cities of Sindh think that it is their communal existence the rights now subsume many things is at stake. But which is the other side? PPP- supporting intellectuals of ethnic Sindhi origin believe that the MQM is after dividing Sindh and means to take away something vital from old Sindhis. Since the PPP is valiantly resisting the MQM s bid, it is to be supported. While it has to be admitted that such a Sindhi sentiment has now become a communal psychosis, the fact is that the Urdu-speaking intellectuals, by and large, want to preserve Sindh s unity. This correspondence of objectives between the two sets of intellectuals does provide a basis for preventing the PPP-MQM civil war from sparking off something worse. That should be the basis for a settlement even at this late stage of Sindh s complicated problems. Two separate questions require immediate answers. Where precisely do the economic, social and political interests of old ethnic Sindhis and the post-1947 Mohajirs collide and whether such a clash is unavoidable? Secondly, how precisely did the government-MQM confrontation start and which interest of old Sindhis was involved? Insofar as anyone can see, except on one specific issue, there is simply no divergence of interests the two communities live on two planes one is dependent mainly on agriculture and is rural in orientation. The Mohajirs are mainly urban and as such have different interests and orientation. It is foolish of the MQM that while talking of Karachi, it does not mention others in the cities Punjabis, Pathans, Baloch and other naturalised immigrants as well as those Sindhis who have become urbanised. If it did, it will find a much more diversified support from other ethnic elements. Why does the MQM not see that they all have to deal with the same ugly face of the state that Mohajirs do treatment to others is only marginally better while precise civic problems are the same for all. The one issue where the interests might clash is government jobs (and admissions to specialised colleges) both sides are hungry for them. If the basic interests of old and new Sindhis do not come in conflict, why all this communal feeling and inherent tension. It is a fit subject for investigative reporting. Before considering the bases and chances of a political settlement in Sindh between the PPP and the MQM the authentic representatives of the two stable sections of the people of Sindh we must consider the second query. How did this confrontation get going. The MQM was a partner of Mian Nawaz Sharif at the Centre and Syed Muzaffar Ali Shah in Sindh when the Army operation later to be called Operation Clean- up started. It is known that all political authorities, PM Sharif, CM S.M. Shah, even President G.I. Khan, were embarrassed and actually disapproved it. Regarding his motivations, the COAS Gen Assif Nawaz Janjua reportedly observed that if the PML can have three or four factions why the MQM cannot have two. No settlement would be possible unless the army high command and Prime Minister Bhutto are convinced that dividing or destroying the MQM is really unnecessary. The situation in Karachi, Hyderabad and other towns of Sindh is grave. Apart from horrible violations of human rights, the state of mind among Mohajirs, particularly youth, is in a dangerous flux. One has earlier written that the extent of alienation especially whether it is still reversible may be debatable. But the fact that the process has started and gone some way does not require proof. No doubt the Mohajirs are small and containable community and might not be seen to pose a threat to Pakistan. But can we, the liberal democrats, countenance a whole section of Pakistan people certainly much bigger than the total Baloch population or about six per cent of all Pakistanis remain disaffected and unhappy. Should Authority write off the affections of six per cent or more of its population? Bases of settlement are there and constitute almost a national consensus. Only the political will jointly in the GHQ and Federal Government is wanting for obscure reasons. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has the Chief Magistrate seen Becket? ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ayaz Amir SEEN Becket, the film that is, is more appropriate in this context than to have read anything about him because as we all know reading is not one of the principal Pakistani habits. Mr Zardari apart, for he must remain the learned exception in such cases, when was the last time the Daughter of the East read anything even remotely serious? Or for that matter the new leader of the people. Mian Nawaz Sharif? Till our circumstances change for the higher education of the Pakistani elite which is not in harmony with the culture and outlook of this class. Becket, old film buffs will remember, was a crony of Henry the Second s. He used to go hunting with him. Moved by the thought that he could do no better than to have a friend and a loyalist as his chief confessor, King Henry made Becket Archbishop of Canterbury. What seemed like a smart move soon turned into a major headache when Becket, wearing the sacerdotal robes of his office, started nursing doubts about where his true loyalties lay to his friend the king or to the responsibilities of his high office. Differences between the King and the archbishop became so acute that Henry the Second, getting sentimental over his cups, asked his barons Will not one rid me of this troublesome priest? The barons duly obliged him by plunging their swords into Becket s back. In Pakistan today the roles are slightly reversed. The king or rather the queen in this case is Benazir Bhutto. Playing the role of Becket is Farooq Leghari, elevated to the presidency because of his proven loyalty and, let it also be said, because he had the bearing and the intelligence which made him a suitable candidate for the highest office in the land. Far be it from me to suggest that President Leghari should court a fate similar to that of Becket s. I am not an ill-wisher of his and I am also aware that we do not live in an age of heroes. Even so, with the waters rising and dark clouds lining the national horizon, has not the time finally arrived for the Pakistani Becket to consider what should take precedence in his mind his loyalty to the Prime Minister, which he would be an ingrate not to feel, or his loyalty to the trust which he holds in his hands? This question, which should be relevant at all times, acquires added urgency because of the grim mood that is settling over the country these days. The list of the nation s problems is long. Inflation for one is breaking the backs of even the middle classes. But more than specific problems what is darkening the national mood is the feeling that the present system has broken down or that it is not doing any good to the people that politicians, of whatever hue or persuasion, are rascals out to line their own pockets and that those in a position of authority are past caring for the public welfare or the future of the country. Inflation, joblessness, corruption, the extravagance of government and stories of kickbacks are just details in this larger mood of anguish and despair. Never have the people been more hopeless about where their country is headed. Now what is the responsibility of a Becket in this situation? To swim with the tide as President Farooq Leghari is so strenuously doing or to do whatever lies in his power to stem it? Democracy must be preserved. Of that there should not be the slightest doubt because any alternative would be disastrous. But surely democracy should not mean allowing the present dangerous drift to continue. The system of checks and balances devised unwittingly by General Zia- ul-Haq but which still had a great deal of good in it has already broken down. The Prime Minister s office faces not the slightest check on the way it is mismanaging the country s affairs because the Presidency, paralysed by a mistaken sense of loyalty, has abdicated its constitutional function of keeping an eye on its activities. The most glaring symptom of what the nation faces as a consequence is the situation in Karachi which, if it invites parallels with anything, is the 1970 crisis in the then East Pakistan. It is this same dangerous vacuum which is giving full vent to religious extremism which has even affected a section of the army as the recent abortive coup attempt vividly testifies. As I write these lines (on Sunday morning) the reverberations of a huge blast in the Egyptian embassy have shaken almost the whole of Islamabad. Isolated acts of terrorism a healthy nation can take in its stride. But when the body politic is infected with a larger sickness even isolated incidents are bound to be given an apocalyptic colour. It must clearly be understood in this context that Pakistan is not a land of frenzied bigots. Its people have little sympathy for mediaeval theories about their salvation. But when the state becomes a vehicle of corruption and when as a consequence its ability to enforce its writ or give a minimally just dispensation to its citizens declines, other forces will step in to fill the vacuum. That is what is happening in Pakistan today . With the people losing faith in their established leaders and with democracy itself getting a bad name they are becoming susceptible to the siren calls of extremism. Even though this is a nation of armchair revolutionaries, more and more people can be heard advocating the merits of a drastic national surgery. That such thinking is dangerous should scarcely be a matter of any doubt. The Iranian revolution has run out of steam and no longer holds a mirror of attraction to other Muslim nations in the region. Afghanistan is an object lesson in the disaster that can befall a country when ethnic passions are married to blind fanaticism. Pakistan needs to go forward not backward in time. It is not a question of turning it into a liberal haven but into a society based upon justice and the rule of law. But this is not going to happen, in fact Pakistan will fall further into the clutches of narrow-minded extremism, if corruption and governmental incompetence are allowed to eat further into the vitals of the state. The issue therefore is not of preserving or getting rid of the present government which while securing for itself a grip on the ephemera of power is giving the people a rich harvest of despair. The issue is one of restoring the people s faith in the present system and of rescuing the country from the malaise in which it is getting more stuck with each passing day. But from whence is this act of reformation going to come? Not from the Prime Minister s office which has dark blinds on its windows. Hopefully not from the army because any solution it imposes will be worse than the disease. That leaves the Presidency, the third leg of the tripod of power on which the present system rests. But the highest function of the Presidency seems to be in the glorification of the trivial and the absurd. What then should the Presidency do to get out of its self-imposed terror? Certainly not send the government packing because we have had too many of these futile exercises in the past ten years. But without suggesting the impossible, it can certainly begin assuming the role of the stern schoolmaster, which is what its true role is in the present political set-up, so that the Prime Minister s office can be helped to focus on the three things that need immediately to be done clear up the mess in Karachi by bringing a modicum of vision to the solution of its problems rather than lambasting them with more and heavier doses of short-sightedness and partisanship by trying to douse the fires of inflation which are turning Pakistan into a Latin American country and by taking a sterner view of governmental corruption because more than anything else this is what is responsible for the alienation which is giving a sullen look to the Pakistani people. This is not an impossible agenda but it will not be fulfilled if the President cannot rise above his circumstances or if he continues to identify his own fortunes with those of a government which, while outwardly secure, has done more than many others to stoke the embers of a deep frustration, if not an active discontent, across the land. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Police excesses ------------------------------------------------------------------- Editorial Column THE Karachi police have been known for their corruption and highhandedness. As the city has slid into a state of anarchy and lawlessness- partly as a result of deep alienation and anger caused by police repression-they have responded by stepping up their excesses which have now surpassed all limits set by civil society. But that is not all. The police do not want their highhandedness to be exposed. Hence their hyper-sensitivity to media reporting-in words as well as pictorially-of their excesses and wrongdoings. This attitude was amply demonstrated on Sunday when a senior press photographer, who also happens to be the president of the Pakistan Association of Press Photographers, was severely beaten up by the minions of the law. His only fault was that he was taking pictures of women who were protesting against the arrest and detention of their sons by the police. This incident will be widely deplored on two counts. First, it shows the increasingly intolerant and aggressive attitude of the police and other law enforcement agencies towards the general public and their propensity to commit excesses in the name of law enforcement. Inevitably, there is a lot to hide and a false face to put on things. In the process, all norms of responsible conduct are brushed aside and even journalists are often forcibly prevented from performing their professional duty. The treatment meted out to the photographer is characteristic of that pattern. On a number of occasions, journalists have also had to suffer ignominy at the hands of the law enforcers, if they have not actually found themselves in police lock-up. Because of its implications, this incident should be taken note of by the government. Since the police station where he was roughed up has been identified, it should not be too difficult for the authorities to identify the culprits and take appropriate action against them. A mild reprimand or transferring them elsewhere would amount to condoning their offence which calls for stern punishment. If the government really stands for Press freedom this is the least it should do to establish the credibility of its claim. The second aspect of the matter is the issue which the photographer in question was trying to capture pictorially and which the authorities have been ignoring despite repeated calls from the media for some action. That is the highhandedness of the police in dealing with the law and order situation in Karachi. Partly because it lacks scientific training in investigation and Crime detection, the police tend to be high-handed when trying to catch perpetrators of violence. Indiscriminate arrests, torture and search operations are commonly resorted to by the law enforcement agencies trying to nab some wanted persons. In conducting such man-hunts, little respect is shown for human rights and the dignity of men and women, which results in so much alienation of the people. The authorities failure to put the police and the other security agencies under restraint and to contain the brutality and excesses committed by them is making the situation in Karachi infinite worse and the prospects or a political settlement more remote. DWS 951122 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Where is Usman Khalid? ------------------------------------------------------------------- Hafizur Rahman THE question, Where is Usman Khalid? is asked by many people who admired the man as an upright soldier, a patriot in the true sense of the word and a courageous Pakistani who had the conscience and the guts to stand up to martial law. I fear, however, that, as things are going, the question may soon turn into, Who is Usman Khalid? That is the trouble with people in exile they are soon forgotten. I don t know about Usman Khalid s friends, but his former employer, the Pakistan Army, has certainly forgotten him except for its desire to try him for desertion. The President and the Prime Minister have not only forgotten him but also neglect him as a ticklish army problem. The awam, among whom he counted himself because of his political views, don t even know if he exists. Usman Khalid was a brigadier in the army, on leave in London, when he put in his resignation (to the Ministry of Defence) in September 1979. He had been in a state of acute trauma ever since the hanging of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto five months earlier. When he could take it no longer, he decided to give up his career in the army. The resignation said, In conformity with the universal tradition... of senior officers resigning when they have fundamental disagreement with policy and practice, I resign in protest against the armed Forces being used as an instrument of subversion of the Constitution, terrorising the population, usurpation of political power, and politicking to disenfranchise the majority. Three brigadiers, Ashraf, Ishtiaq and Niazi of 10 Div, had earlier resigned in April 1977 because the army was then being used against the people in the PNA agitation to protest the general election of March 1977. Their resignations were accepted and they were retired honourably. But it seems that General Ziaul Haq wanted to make an example of Usman Khalid for his political views and he was proclaimed a deserter and twice sentenced to 14 years RI in his absence. Since then, Usman Khalid is in exile, whatever adjective you may like to use with the word to categorise it. He has had heart bypass surgery not a very successful one and can only think of coming back home, the pain of being arrested for desertion and facing a military trial. There is no other charge against him of indiscipline or misbehaviour or conduct unbecoming of an army officer. It is interesting to note that Lord Averbury, Chairman of the (British) Parliamentary Human Rights Group, to whom Pakistan is beholden for positive support to the Kashmir cause, has written twice to the Prime Minister, and met her once, on the subject of Usman Khalid. She said it was for the army to forgive him or accept his resignation. Lord Averbury s view (not a view to be taken lightly) was that, as head of government, the Prime Minister had the authority to take up any case. He submitted (poor man!) that if she signified her acceptance of the Brigadier s resignation, then the army might have a favourable view of the case. Obviously, his submission was not acceptable. Last year Usman Khalid s son got married. He sent the PM an invitation card, but said, I know it would not be prudent for you to attend you cannot fraternise with a fugitive . He hoped all the same that she would send her ADC with some flowers, a gesture which would be highly appreciated. Maybe the ADC couldn t be spared from other duties. Sixteen years in exile, living all the time in an alien atmosphere, yearning for home and friends and dear ones (and even for the army which he respects very much for I rose to be a brigadier, ) and not a hope in sight that he would see his country again as a free man. The basic reason is that no one is ready to help him, and the army thinks it must honour the decision of General Zia-ul-Haq. Usman Khalid did not take the law into his own hands. His resignation hurt no one except himself and his family. He was a conscientious objector, a term accepted by all civilised nations, and not a deserter. Surely there must be a place in a democratic country for legitimate protest. Insistence on punishment for him amounts to accepting that the military coup of July 1977 was justified. Britain has given Usman Khalid political asylum. Apart from Lord Averbury, other leaders of public opinion in that country must be wondering (in the context of his case) what has changed in Pakistan after the restoration of constitutional rule and an elected representative government, that a person who struggled for democracy cannot rid himself of persecution. There is another aspect of the Brigadier s story. Every day we hear of people being named and extolled for having made great sacrifices for the cause of democracy. Those who went to jail even for a few days during martial law period are glorified as heroes. Among all of them who genuinely and unselfishly fought for the truth and what they thought was right, Usman Khalid s name is nowhere mentioned. In view of the above, you will appreciate my answer to the question, Where is Usman Khalid? The only answer I have is he is where he was sixteen years ago, and is likely to remain there unless someone s conscience wakes up.


SPORTS

=================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan whip N.Z. to enter squash semis ------------------------------------------------------------------- Dicky Ratnagur CAIRO, Nov. 16 Jansher Khan's return to the side after a days rest saw Pakistan safely negotiate their quarter-final in the World Team Squash Championship. They beat New Zealand, who were third in their group, 2-1. Pakistan's opponents in tomorrow's semi-final will be Australia who, with England are the only unbeaten side in the competition. Jansher, still in discomfort with blisters on his right foot, had to pull Pakistan back from a 0-1 deficit in ties because in the opening contest, Zarak Jahan Khan surprisingly lost to Glen Wilson, the World number 57, with a score of 9-7, 9-2, 9-10, 9-3. The New Zealander played exceedingly well, stroking the ball powerfully and with consistency, but Zarak had an extremely poor day and contributed largely to his collapse with a series of unforced errors, particularly in the second and fourth games. With his opponent hitting a bad patch in the middle of the first game, Zarak was well placed at 63. But a tinned forehand angle followed by two superb winners by Wilson narrowed the gap to 6-5. Zarak increased his lead to 7-5, at which point there were two blank hands played. Then Wilson found the nick with a magnificent forehand shot played across court and Zarak conceded a penalty point to put Wilson level for the first time since 2-all. Zarak served once more at that stage but could not make headway. Wilson gobbled up the second game in only six minutes, with Zarak hitting the tin no fewer than nine times. The New Zealander went from 2-1 to 5-1 in one hand and also took the last four points in a row. Two errors by Wilson at the start of the third game encouraged Zarak to make a stronger effort and now the New Zealander took his turn to make errors and let Zarak leap ahead to 5-1. But then there was another spate of errors from the Pakistani and not only was he caught up, but Wilson went 8-6 ahead to serve for the match. A fluffed volley in search of the winning point put Zarak in hand. Zarak produced a backhand crosscourt winner and a forehand boast to catch up Wilson and then Wilson hit the tin to put Zarak on game ball. But an error cost Zarak his first chance to win the game. Service changed hands six times at 9-all before Zarak broke through to win the game with a forehand drop. This brave recovery was of no avail as Zarak again lapsed into a stream of errors to lose the fourth game in only seven minutes. The opposition to Jansher from Paul Steel, the World number 27, was too weak to give scope to assess his form or his mobility. He played rallies at a slow pace and won 9-2, 9-3, 9-5 in 42 minutes. Mir Zaman Gul clinched victory for Pakistan with his first win. He applied himself and won 9-0, 9-7, 9-6 against Wayne Verder whose opposition to became stronger and more determined as the match progressed. Mir Zaman's experience went a long way in tipping the scales in his favour. ENGLAND WIN Taking a long-term view, Pakistan rested Jansher Khan from their final pool match, against England, in the World Team Squash Championship and as good as conceded victory. This was the first time Pakistan, the holders, had lost to England in this competition since it was thrown open to professionals in 1981. Their 2-1 defeat does not by any means put Pakistan out of the competition. All it means that they will have to contest a more difficult semi-final, almost certainly against Australia. The rubber Pakistan salvaged was the first of the match, between the number three s. One's initial reaction in the circumstances would be that Pakistan would have pulled off a win had Jansher played. But the fact is that Jansher was in no state of mind or body to have coped on the day with a player of Simon Parke's calibre. This was evident from the struggle he had to beat the little-known Anders Thorsen in the match against Sweden on Tuesday. Jansher has suffered from having played seven matches in the last nine days. Moreover, he had aggravated the blisters on his feet. Playing in a match Pakistan were quite likely to lose would have reduced the World champion's effectiveness in the rounds to come. Pakistan's sole success in the match against England was gained by debutante Zubair Jahan Khan, who beat World number seven, Chris Walker, after being Swamped in the first two games. As would be expected of someone making his first international appearance in a crucial match, Zubair was desperately nervous, made a mass of unforced errors and lost the first two games in a total time of 18 minutes, capturing just three points. Simon Parke put England level by beating Zubair's elder brother, Zarak. Zarak led 7-5 in the first game. But Parke, on the day, was quite brilliant. However, the second and third games were not as easily won by the Englishman as the scores, 9-2 and 9-3 might suggest. Most rallies were long and intense. The deciding rubber was won for England by World Open finalist Del Harris, against Mir Zaman Gul. Harris was playing his first match in the competition after a three-day rest. He was too strong and incisive for Mir Zaman and won 9-3, 9-0, 9-3 in only 42 minutes. DWS 951118 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Jansher reaffirms Pak prestige in squash ------------------------------------------------------------------- A. Majid Khan Jansher Khan who last week surpassed Jahangir s record in Nicosia, Cyprus, reaffirmed and confirmed Pakistan s domination in the World Open squash. His seventh victory in this prestigious event came as a whiff of welcome breeze for the country which is reeling under the shattering blows currently endangering our reputation in the realm of cricket and hockey. With blisters in his right foot causing much pain, the plucky world champion fought resolutely to defend the title for the fourth successive year to overcome the hard resistance offered by England s Del Harris. Nonetheless Jansher was forced to drop a game for the second time in the precious Nicosia World Open, before beating into submission the eighth seeded Briton who had created a major upset by downing Australia s second seed Rodney Eyles by three games to two in the quarter-final. The Australian challenge seems to have considerably weakened during the past three years as no one from that country could reach the World Open final. This is a definite setback for a nation, once a formidable force and the main challenger against Pakistan in the World Open ever since it was instituted in 1975. Englishmen have emerged as strong contenders for the Open title with double-fisted Peter Marshall reaching the 1994 final and losing to World Number One Jansher Khan by 3 1 and this time Del Harris lost the battle to the invincible Khan, 15-10-17-14, 16-17-15-8. The latest success of Pakistan in Nicosia has given it 13 victories in the 20-year history of this prestigious event, thanks first to the six times world champion Jahangir Khan (1981 1985, 1988) followed by seven victories earned through Jansher (1987, 1989, 1990, 1992 1995). He had gone to Nicosia as pre-world open favourite and he maintained his reputation as the world s leading player equal to any challenge on any court of the world. He has been meeting this challenge to complete his 20 months victorious run that began from the Portuguese Open in March last after losing in the Leekes Classic in February 1994. Jansher has virtually monopolised the world squash and his haul of this year s super series titles includes apart from the Portuguese Open, the British Open, Hong Kong Open, Japan Open and now the World Open. He also won the tournament of champions and the US Open while skipping the Malaysian open, a super series tournament. The six victories in a row in the super series events demonstrate his awesome power, super fitness, complete control and the technically sound as well as all-round excellence. To achieve this mastery and glory, Jansher keeps himself in top physical condition by undergoing a thorough drill and maintaining systematic training schedule. With his record of successes and remarkable stamina, Jansher seems certain to rule the squash world and to extend his domination for another few years. It will not be a surprise if like Jahangir Khan, he also goes for the ten-time British open mark. The only apprehension is that of an injury a risk that haunts world renowned players in squash. Jahangir Khan, Australia s Chris Dittmar, Chris Robertson and Brett Martin all had to leave the international circuit because of this problem. Jansher Khan is well aware of this factor but has full faith in his physical resources that he conserves by avoiding unnecessary stress and strain. Another consideration that must be weighing on Jansher s mind is that he is the lone Pakistani flag-bearer in international squash as we have none other at present to uphold the glorious tradition. Zarak Jahan Khan and Mir Zaman Gul had passed their peak and none of them could win any super event series though they are in the field for many years. There is a big gap in the competitive standard of the maestro and other renowned players of the country. Squash families are still producing good stuff and the squash authorities are providing the required facilities to train them but we cannot say with certainty that we would be able to produce a world beater like Jahangir Khan and Jansher Khan in the foreseeable future. DWS 951119 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Zaman wins 3rd match to put Pakistan in final ------------------------------------------------------------------- Dicky Rutnagur CAIRO, Nov.18 Pakistan, yesterday qualified for the final of the World Team Squash Championship beating Australia 2-1 in a semi-final which will long be remembered. It was memorable, firstly, for the dramatic fashion in which Mir Zaman Gul won the deciding tie and secondly for the ugly blotch that his Australian opponent, Anthony Hill, smeared on the game s history and traditions with behaviour that can only be described as crude and villainous. Being the character Hill is, he will feel no remorse for his coarse and unsporting behaviour, which warrants severe disciplinary action. But he will have to live with having been the direct cause of Australia losing a match which was within one point of their grasp. He held match points at 8-6 and 8-7 in the third game but was too agitated to press home his advantage. Mir Zaman Gul, who had been clearly outplayed in the second game and much of the third, had to be admired for keeping his cool in the face of grave provocation on the part of the Australian and also some highly unjust decisions against him by the referee. The match was highly physical from the very start and while the referee, Tony Parker, of England, repeatedly exhorted the players to keep the match free of body contact it was a long time before he took direct action and that came about when, after the third game was finished, Hill gave Mir Zaman a dig in the back with his elbow. Parker came down from his seat in the gallery and rebuked Hill quite sternly before he went on court again for the fourth. The crowd, which had been neutral so far, had noticed the incident and turned noisily against Hill, which worked to Mir Zaman s advantage. Hill hammered another nail into his own coffin by violently shoulder- charging Mir Zaman and flinging him to the flow at 7-4 in the fourth game. Bearing in mind that he had twice struck his opponent with the ball, referee Parker awarded a conduct point against the Australian. At the end of the fourth game, hill flung his racket high and was docked another point, which meant that Mir Zaman started the fifth game with a point already in his bag. Hill was so irate and confused at the start of the fifth game that he played a series of wanton shots which suggested that he had no interest in the match. Mir Zaman had established himself with a 6-0 lead before Hill calmed down and started to engage himself in rallies. But Mir Zaman was so fired up that he comfortably resisted Hill s last-ditch effort to come back into contention. Rodney Eyles, the Australian captain did not say as much. But his attitude afterwards not only conveyed disappointment at his team s defeat, but shame at the behaviour of one of his players. Incidentally, Eyles is the only Australian to have entered the Pakistan Open in Karachi this week. Ironically, the issue in the match would not have hung on the final tie between hill and Mir Zaman if, in the opening rubber, Zarak final tie between Hill and Mir Zaman had capitalised on match point at 8-5 in the final game against Brett Martin. Zarak played well enough to win, but lost his nerve at the crunch while Martin, as is typical of him, was irresistible while he was playing well in spells, but loose and error-prone at other times. The dependable Jansher Khan, despite his fatigue and problems with blisters, played staunchly to win the first strings tie against Rodney Eyles, who himself gave a very spirited display and took the second game, besides offering stern resistance in the fourth, which went to setting, Jansher winning it on his second match point. After an hour and seven minutes play, Jansher led by two games to one. But for a lapse of concentration in the second game, Jansher could have had the match stitched up in three games. The opening tie was won by Australia in the closest finish, Brett Martin beating Zarak Jahan Khan 7-9, 9-10, 9-0, 9-0, 10-8 after saving a match point at 8-5. Zakrak lost his nerve as the Australian, whose form varied between the brilliant and erratic crept up. Four consecutive errors by the Pakistani put Martin level and having recovered from a seemingly impossible position, would not let go his opportunity. He seized the two points of setting with outright winners, the first a whiplash of a cross court drive into the nick and the next a clinger. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan lose squash final to England ------------------------------------------------------------------- Dicky Rutnagur CAIRO, Nov.19 A virtuoso performance by the redoubtable Jansher Khan in beating Simon Parke, 9-2, 9-5, 9-4, and a brave last-ditch stand by Mir Zaman Gul in the deciding tie provided Pakistan with some consolation as they lost the World Team Squash Championship to England, who had never won it since the competition was thrown open to professionals in 1981. It must be mentioned to Pakistan s credit that their effort in the final was tremendous considering that they had undergone much strain, physical and emotional, while winning their semi-final against Australia only 24 hours earlier. England, who had a relatively easy match against Egypt, were given a quick start by Del Harris. The swiftness of his win over Zarak Jahan Khan, 9-1, 9-2, 9-2 in only 43 minutes must have boosted English morale no end. Zarak, to an extent, contributed to the loss of the first game through a few unforced errors but thereafter, it was the firm authority of Harris, losing finalist to Jansher in the World Open final a week earlier, that subdued Zarak. Not only was Harris accurate with his shots, of which he exhibited a large variety, but he kept the pace slow. it is speed that the athletic and acrobatic Zarak likes, for he has a penchant for feeding of pace. Jansher had it very much his own way in the first and third games against Simon Parke. But the Englishman himself played thoughtful, high-quality squash with great determination in the second, which lasted 36 minutes and was the longest of the whole tournament. It was fought at a slow pace, but was captivating for the precision with which both players executed their shots delighted with the deception contained in his strokes, which often had Parke running furiously to reach the ball. To his credit, the Englishman reacted with fast reflexes. Jansher led 6-0, but Parke narrowed the gap to 4-6 before Jansher made further progress. Parke saved three game points before Jansher captured it with a clinger. The World champion needed only another nine minutes to put the seal on his supremacy. He went to 7-0 without losing service and although he then lost four point through a series of errors, he took the remaining points in one hand. The English victory was completed by Mark Chaloner, who a year ago, was ranked 19 in England and 49 in the World. Today his national ranking is four and international, 16. He reached the quarter-finals of the Open, beating Brett Martin but he was in the England team only because Peter Marshall pulled out. He was selected for the match in preference to Chris Walker, who had a World ranking of seven. Although his first international appearance was only five days earlier, Chaloner played in mature fashion to beat Mir Zaman 9-1, 9-3, 10-9. Despite his ordeal of the previous night with the truculent Anthony Hill, Mir Zaman played the best squash he has played in this tournament. But the Englishman was good enough to take the first two games at a total cost of only four points in 27 minutes. However, Mir Zaman fought him all the way in the third, saved two match points at 8-6, 8- 7 and 9-all before Chaloner broke through, a double boast by Mir Zaman from the back of the court hitting the very top of the tin. DWS 951123 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shams Kakar creates first upset in squash ------------------------------------------------------------------- Majid A. Khan KARACHI, Nov.22 Talented and promising Shamsul Islam Khan Kakar, brought about a major upset overcoming Germany s world No.25 Hansi Wiens by three games to one on the opening day of the five-day 15th Pakistan Open squash here on Wednesday at the PIA Jahangir Khan Squash Complex. Shams Kakar of PIA turned in an amazing performance for the 43-minute 17-4, 16-17, 15-11, 15-11 victory on his way to the second round. In another upset of the day Canadian qualifier Jonathan Power powered ahead by inflicting a shocking 15-1, 15-7, 15-10 win on Paul Steel, New Zealand s world No.26. Jonathan Power virtually outplayed his rival who committed several unforced errors when the Canadian exerted pressure with his drops and volleys. Shams Kakar gave an extraordinary performance against German Hansi Wiens who carries rich international experience. Kakar fought with admirable courage and determination in an enthralling encounter that produced several long and short rallies, punctuated with placements, angles and crosscourt shots. However after winning the fiercely-contested first game at 17-14 Hansi Wiens staged a comeback winning an equally well fought second game 17- 16. Shams Kakar took the third game in a commanding way 15-11 with a series of winners as the German turned erratic. One game up Kakar played brilliantly and superbly to dominate the fourth game to win the match at 15-11. Tomorrow he faces world No.12 Zarak Jahan Khan, seeded sixth, who today had to stay on the court for one hour and one minute to beat Sindh Open champion and qualifier Komail Mahmood 15-5, 15-11, 15-12. Zarak secured an expected victory over ever-improving Kumail Mahmood who is almost ten years younger in age and experience. The match to some extent was marred by poor refereeing of Jamshed Gul who took every follower of the game, including both the players, by surprise when he called for stopping a long rally when Zarak was 7-5 in front in the last third game. it was a delightful rally full of powerful drives, lobs and placements when the referee stopped it. Both players looked towards referee Jamshed Gul to know what has gone wrong. The referee for a few second remained quiet and then called let. He failed to state who committed what fault. Zarak heavily relied on the power game and also controlled the pace with youthful Kumail Mahmood displaying tactical game producing backhand and forehand drops, angles and lobs. Kumail was involved in long rallies and the longest 83-stroke rally in the first game was finally ended when Zarak s disguised drop caught his young challenger on the wrong foot. After taking the first game at 15-5 Zarak Jahan Khan went ahead 7-4. Another rally of 78 strokes followed and this time Kumail finished with a perfect forehand drop 5-7. Zarak further accelerated the pace and was 13-10 ahead winning 15-11 Kumail tinned. The third game was a close affair as score stood 4-4 and later with two strokes Zarak was 7-5. Kumail fought back 7-7 but Zarak was 9-7 up. Kumail steadied his game and after getting a stroke he was 8-9. Zarak thrice tinned and Kumail for the first time gained 12-9 lead with remarkable volley to the nick. Zarak turned ruthless and with a series of drops took six points in a row as Kumail committed mistakes. Zarak won the match at 15-12. In another upset Mark Chaloner defeated eighth seed Stephen Mead s 15- 11, 15-8, 15-5 in an all-England encounter. World champion Jansher Khan, termed favourite to retain the title, had the better of South African qualifier Graig Vander Wath 15-9, 15-8, 17-15. Top seeded Jansher Khan started in a whirlwind fashion by taking an authoritative 11-0 lead over Wath in one hand in the first game which he won at 15-9 after the three-time former South African champion made a late rally. The great Khan demonstrated all his court game for a 15-8 success in the second but the third game turned out to be a close affair. Wath played more cautiously in the third and did hit several angles and drop shots as Jansher Khan committed unforced errors. After 4-4 Wath s return was out and the South African protested against referee Gogi s decision for awarding a stroke. Jansher was 7-5 ahead but Wath recovered to be 7-7 also getting a stroke. Jansher trailed 8-10 and made it 10-10 when his rival appeal for lets were turned down. however, after 12-all Jansher again took the lead 14-12 before the South African made it 14-all and at this stage the ball burst. A new ball was taken. Wath came closer to snatch a game but at 15-14 his forehand drive hit the board 15-15. Jansher got a stroke and was 16-15 up. A good rally followed and in a drop duel Jansher was home with 17-15 with Wath protesting in vain against the referee s decision. Other seeded stars however, were through to the next round. Following were the results First Round Faheem Khan (HKG) beat Julian Bonetat (Fra) 15-7, 15-4, 15-8, Jansher Khan (Pak) beat Craig Vander Wath (SAA) 15-9, 15-8, 17-15, Paul Gregory (GRE) beat Graham Ryding (Can) 15-9, 11-15, 15-12, 15-6, Tony Hands (Eng) beat Simon Frenz (Ger) 15-11, 11-15, 17-15, 15-6, Mark Chaloner (Eng) beat Stephen Meads (Eng) 15-11, 15-8, 15-5, Rodney Eyles (Aus) beat Crag Wapnick (SAA) 15-9, 15-13, 11-15, 15-11, Zarak Jahan Khan (Pak) beat Kumail Mahmood (Pak) 15-5, 15-11, 15-12, Mark Cairns (Eng) beat Anders Thoren (Swe) 11-15, 15-7, 15-11, 15-7, Mir Zaman Gul (Pak) beat Den Jenson (Aus) 12-15, 15-12, 10-15, 15-11, 15- 10, Chris Walker (Eng) beat Umer Zaman (Pak) 15-6, 15-9, 15-9, Jonathan Power (Can) beat Paul Steel (NZL) 15-1, 15-7, 15-10, F Usandizaga (ARG) beat Hamid Hussain (Pak) 14-17, 15-11, 14-15, 15-7, 15-13, Shamsul Islam Khan (Pak) beat Hansi Wiens (Ger) 17-14, 16-17, 15-11, 15-11, Del Haris (Eng) beat Marty Clark (USA) 15-7, 15-7, 15-8, Peter Nicol (Sco) beat Bryon Davis (Aus) 15-13, 15-13, 15-7, Derek Ryan (IRL) beat Angus (Eng) 15-2, 15-7, 15-7. DWS 951118 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan 33-2 in reply to Australia s 267 in 2nd test ------------------------------------------------------------------- from Qamar Ahmed HOBART, Nov. 17 It would have been a satisfying first day for Pakistan, had they not lost their two wickets for 33 at the close of play after bowling Australia out for 267 in the first innings of the second Test at the Bellerive Oval. Leg-spinner Mushtaq Ahmed s 5 for 115 in Australia s far from impressive batting performance deserved to be complimented in a much better fashion than it was. Having lost two wickets in nine overs and only 40 minutes play remaining. There is plenty to be done to survive, and see that they manage a lead. Failing that, there could be trouble in store. Saleem Elahi, who struggled for 23 minutes for his 13, did not seem to have any clue to negotiate Craig McDermott and Glen McCrath. He played onto his stumps in McGrath s third over when 13 and the night-watchman Mushtaq Ahmad who earlier on had picked up his first haul of five wickets in his 19th Test, was leg before in the same over off his next ball. Aamir Sohail and Ramiz Raja barely saw the day off without any further damage. It certainly does not augur well for the rest of the batting which has already been jolted by Shane Warne in the first Test. McGrath is not the only threat on a wicket which is seaming on which Wasim Akram bowled superbly for his 3 for 42 but also McDermott and Paul Reiffel could be as dangerous. Not to mention Shane Warne who has the ability to exploit any kind of wicket and will surely be encouraged by the fact that little Mushtaq has tricked his colleagues on the same surface after Mark Taylor had won the toss and decided to bat. Mushtaq, one of the two changes in the Pakistan side besides Salim Malik, bowled magnificently. Playing in place of off-spinner Saqlain Mushtaq, he was brought in the 15th over with Australia on 37 for one and he bowled unchanged till after tea having sent 27 overs for 95 runs for his three wickets. He was back again after three overs to bag two more wickets and with it to destroy the Australian middle order as well. With Waqar Younis not in full flight and Mohammad Akram, not bowling well in this match, Mushtaq s inclusion must have come as a blessing in disguise for Wasim Akram and the rest. Had Moin Khan not dropped a difficult leg side chance when Mark Waugh flicked one to leg off Wasim Akram when he was 17, things perhaps could have been a lot rosier. Waugh finished with 88 runs to delay the demise of the Australian innings. Michael Slater survived an appeal on the first ball of Wasim Akram when he was trapped but was not on the last delivery of the first over. David Boon and Mark Taylor then shared a 68-run partnership for the second wicket. A throw from Ijaz Ahmed, who had replaced injured Salim Malik saw Boon off as he was sent back attempting a single. Boon had made 34. Umpire Dickie Bird sought the help of the third umpire but the video link was not in operation and he had to decide himself on the run-out. from 91 for 2 at lunch Australia added another 103 runs in the second session to lose Taylor for 43, Steve Waugh for 7 and Greg Blewett for 0. Taylor played onto Wasim, Waugh was caught at the wicket off Mushtaq while cutting and Blewett was bowled off a googly. Ian Healy, who was dropped by Ramiz Raja off Mushtaq at mid-wicket, was later caught by Basit for 37 having put on 55 with Mark Waugh for the sixth wicket. The last five wickets were gone with 56 runs added as Australia collapsed but not before Waugh made 88 in 223 minutes stay with eight fours and not before Warne had hit three sixes off Mushtaq to prolong the innings. DWS 951119 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan in trouble in 2nd test also ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmed HOBART, Nov.18 Pakistan in the absence of the ace Australian leg- spinner Shane Warne who has been ruled out of this match because of a broken toe in his left foot, floundered a golden opportunity to make a sizeable score and take a firm grip on the second Test being played at Bellerive Oval. Instead they are now faced with the prospect of yet another defeat after being restricted in the first innings to 198 to concede a respectable lead of 69 on the first innings to Australia who at the close of play had enhanced their chances further by increasing it to 176 having scored 107 in their second innings. Mark Taylor with 42 and Michael Slater with 62 had seen the afternoon off without being separated. Four stoppages during the day, one before lunch and three in, the afternoon because of bad light caused a loss of 82 minutes play but that was compensated with an extended hour s play. But it certainly is no excuse for Pakistan s batting failure. They were no good. Lacking in application they flustered against Glen McGrath, Paul Reiffel and Craig McDermott on a wicket which held no terror for them. McGrath had 3 for 46, Reiffel picked up 4 for 38 and McDermott 2 for 72 with Steve Waugh joining them with the prized wicket of Inzamam-ul- Haq who made 27 after 88 minutes of defiance. If not for a determined knock of 59 by Ramiz Raja, things perhaps could have been much more nauseating. One however shudders to think the fate of Pakistan s blighted first innings if Warne was available. He was declared unfit before the start of play on the second day after it was discovered that the ball which hit him from Waqar Younis when he came in to bat on the first day had chipped his left foot toe bone. With the knowledge that he may be out for at least fortnight, the Pakistan batsmen should have elevated their spirits but once again they ceased to rise to the occasion. Even Ijaz Ahmed, who battled for nearly two hours for his unbeaten 34 failed to save them from the inevitable. For a disjointed batting line-up like this there is no guarantee that in the second knock they will come out better. The pressure of a target of over 300 could be humiliating. The writing apparently seems to be already on the wall but things do happen in this game. Pakistan had resumed the day at 33 for 2 and had taken their score to 78 at lunch when rain halted play for 54 minutes. On resumption Aamir Sohail was caught at the wicket by Ian Healy low down for 32 off Reiffel. Taylor in the slip gasped in amazement when Darrell Hair, the Australian umpire, raised his finger. Sohail was not happy. With Ramiz he had added 55 runs for the third wicket. Ramiz dropped by McDermott at long leg off Reiffel when 35 then hit three fours in a row off McDermott on the off side to reach his 19th fifty in Tests with the help of six fours. Sixteen runs were taken off McDermott s 12th over. But when 59 Ramiz was deceived off a slower ball and was caught and bowled by Reiffel. Inzamam seemed to be steady but he too perished when he flicked one to leg from Steve Waugh. Basit Ali made 2 before being given out by Hair playing half forward. Moin Khan played across the line and had his stumps flattened when 12 and Pakistan at tea, with 178 for 7, were on way to disaster. Wasim Akram slogged after tea and Taylor, who rarely misses any chance in the slips, got both hands to catch Wasim on 2. Waqar Younis was off the mark with two fours in a row off McDermott. He was dropped too off him when 8 Slater but Reiffel had him taken at point for 10 and then in the same over had Mohammad Akram leg before. DWS 951120 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Herculean task in 2nd test for Pakistan ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmed HOBART, Nov.19 Faced with a monumental task of making 376 runs to win the second Test, Pakistan in the 10 overs remaining made 15 with loss at the close of the third day against Australia at Bellerive Oval. Two full day s play remain in the game and time is not the significant factor, but the main things are survival and runs. The wicket is ideal, the Australian bowling is limited and in the absence of the leg-spinner Shane Warne, the score is attainable but only if two of the frontline batsmen share a sizeable stand. The target here is formidable because of the fact that so far in the last three innings of the present series, Pakistan has not been able to pass even 250 runs. The frontline batsmen have the ability but they lack application and reliability. They have also suffered a setback at the start of their second innings when Aamir Sohail had to retire hurt in the third over after being struck on the left leg off Craig McDermott delivery. Amir s contribution could be a major factor if Pakistan is able to get any where near the required score or past it. The form of the rest of the batsmen except Inzamam does not promise much. If only they had not allowed an opportunity slip in the first innings and had taken a lead things could have been a lot encouraging. The Pakistan bowlers, however, once again played their team back in the game on the third morning. Australia with 107 without loss and with an overall lead of 176 had looked formidable but within 47 minutes of play they had lost three wickets, that of Michael Slater, David Boon and Mark Waugh with only 25 runs added. A century (123) by Mark Taylor however dashed any hope that Pakistan had of minimising the lead. Australia with 306 for 9 then left Pakistan on their own mercy. Mushtaq Ahmed and Wasim Akram with 4 for 83 and 3 for 72 had still done a great job to restrict Australia. The first to go in the morning was Slater who added only 11 more runs to his 62 overnight. His opening stand with Taylor was ended by a Mushtaq flipper which trapped him in front. His 73 contained eight fours and a six. Boon, having survived a leg before appeal against Muashtaq, cut him sluggishly to Waqar Younis at point before he had scored. Taylor, who had resumed at 42 reached his fifty with four fours in 144 minutes stay and later Mark Waugh, playing in his fiftieth Test, chopped a delivery from Wasim Akram on his stumps when 3. At lunch Australia with 167 for 3 led by 236 runs. Taylor and Steve Waugh added 57 runs for the fourth wicket before Waugh was caught at the wicket off Mohammad Akram for 29 but Taylor reached his 14th Test century before a shaky Greg Blewett was dismissed by Wasim Akram for 11. Taylor s patient hundred had come in 309 minutes batting with ten fours. He also had another valuable stand of 44 for the fifth wicket before Blewett departed. In the second session 87 runs were added. Pakistan s patchy ground fielding and some erratic bowling by Mohammad Akram also helped Australia s cause. Taylor was yorked after tea by Waqar, Paul Reiffel misjudged a googly from Mushtaq but Ian Healy and McDermott put on 40 runs for the eighth wicket to rally the innings. Mushtaq and Wasim then struck to dismiss McDermott for 20 and Healy for 24. 951121 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan mauled in 2nd test, lose series ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmed HOBART, Nov.20 A defeat in the second Test was inevitable. It could have been delayed but not avoided. After tea on the fourth day it did come when Australia having set a mammoth target of 376 to win, bowled Pakistan out for 220 in their second innings to win the match by 155 runs and thus take the series 2-0 to claim themselves the champions of Test cricket. Their victory against Pakistan virtually confirms their status now, though unofficially. The outcome of this Test at Bellerive Oval became very much predictable from the second day when Pakistan failed to take a first innings lead after bowling Australia out cheaply (267) in the first innings. The decisions given against some of the Pakistan batsmen were surprising and atrocious. Bird, as we all know has a good, and Hair, true to his reputation was as much to be blamed. Ageing Bird not only messed it up for Pakistan by declaring Ramiz Raja and Inzamam-ul-Haq leg before off deliveries high out but with it dented his reputation. Everyone agreed, including the Australian Press. Sadly the players can t talk about it because of the ICC code of conduct which has no provisions to challenge the mistakes of umpires but has all the power to punish the players, on occasions unjustifiably. Their displeasure over detestable umpiring was further compounded by the ICC referee Raman Subba Row s decision to fine Aamir Sohail 50 per cent of his match fee and impose a deferred two match sentence for breach of Rule 2 of ICC s code of conduct regarding bringing the game in disrepute. His crime, according to the referee, was that the batsman threw his bat following his dismissal. Sohail was harshly treated. He did not deserve what he got. After being caught at square leg by Brendon Julian, the substitute for Warne off Greg Blewett when well set on 57, he was disgusted by himself to have played a bad shot. Walking back to the pavilion he had banged the turf in disappointment. The bat fell off his hand and he had not thrown it in the air or in dissent. Surely the referee should have taken that into consideration. But he didn t. It was shocking. Not that Pakistan had lost the Test and the series that they showed their disgust about it but they deserved a lot better for their effort in the second innings in trying circumstances. If not for poor umpiring, Pakistan from 132 for 3 could have pulled up a surprise or at least could have managed to reduce the margin of defeat. Pakistan had started the fourth day s play at 15 without loss and staring in the face of an imminent defeat. After 12 runs Saleem Elahi was taken by David Boon at short leg off a bouncer from Glen McGrath when 17. Lacking in technique he could not fend and lobbed the ball in the air. Ramiz Raja, who had scored 59 in the first innings, once again appeared to be in the right frame of find while making 25 in 122 minutes was given out by Dickie Bird when Craig McDermott hit him on the pad. The ball was rearing up and could have missed even the sixth stump. With Sohail who had come in at the fall of the first wicket he had added 35 runs for the second wicket. At lunch Pakistan with 82 for 2 still required 286 runs to win. The target was a long way away but in sight considering the way in which Sohail had taken control. He reached his fifty in 127 minutes batting with five fours to go past a 50 partnership in 54 minutes. Blewett s sudden introduction in the attack resulted his exit. On the third ball of his first over he drove uppishly to leg and was caught when 57 but not before he had put on 70 runs with Inzamam-ul-Haq for the third wicket. Ijaz Ahmed, was off the mark with a four to mid-wicket off McDermott but fell to Blewett when 4 while padding outside the off stump. It was a shocking decision by umpire Hair. Not much later Inzamam who had started to blossom with 40 already made was given out leg before to Paul Reiffel while trying to pull a rising delivery. Basit Ali was bowled for 5 by Reiffel, attempting a drive and leaving a big gap between bat and pad to continue with his poor form in Tests. In the last 11 innings in Tests he has now made only 77 runs and in the last eight innings against Australia a mere 48 runs, which certainly does not augur well for a man who is so much rich in talent. With his dismissal, the gates were now open for the Australians who had reduced Pakistan to 178 for 6 at tea. Wasim Akram in desperation hit a few lusty blows on the on side and through the covers. One hit from him landed in the crowd at extra cover when he drove McGrath. At 33 he was caught by Blewett off McGrath having put on 48 runs for the seventh wicket. With Moin Khan who became one of the three victims of the new ball which was taken at 206 for 7, Mark Waugh took a simple catch in the second slip to see him off McGrath. The bowler struck again by taking Waqar Younis caught at mid-off and bowling Mushtaq Ahmed - McGrath s reward being 5 for 61. Reiffel had 3 for 42 and Blewett 2 for 25 to bring victory to Australia.

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