DAWN WIRE SERVICE


Week Ending : 21 December, 1995 Issue : 01/50



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CONTENTS ===================================================================

NATIONAL NEWS

Karachi Carnage ..........Twenty Five Killed & Liaquatabad besieged ..........Altaf wants replies on relatives death ..........Kin of MQM activists released ..........MQM files rejoinder in supreme court ..........Elderly MQM man arrested ..........Release of MQM man urged ..........Altaf opposes use of extra force ..........MQM flays workers killing ..........MQM links talks with end to killings ..........Leghari urged to save activists life ..........Altaf concerned over two workers fate ..........MQM condemns setting up of police pickets Opposition ..........Reply to PMs letter: Nawaz again demands mid-term polls ..........All packed up and nowhere to go ..........PML to expose govts loot, plunder ..........PML leader asks PM to accept realities ..........Nawaz hails Karamats appointment Ruling party ..........Govt ready to resume talks, says N.D.Khan ..........Pakistan is alert: PM ..........President's offer to MQM ..........Leghari criticises WB for opposing big dams Punjab Assembly session news and views ..........PA session lasts 16 minutes, entire opposition stays away ..........PML MPAs create pandemonium in punjab assembly ..........PA boycott to continue: Sattar ..........Session boycotted: opposition accuses Mohal of sell-out ..........Proceedings of Sindh PA criticised ..........MPO comes under scathing attack Younus Habib awarded 10 years RI Detachment of Brown Amendment vital for Pakistan Indian Missile plan decried Pakistan warns of appropriate response World Bank sends guidelines for Farm water regulatory system Pakistan situation: US embassy sends report to state department Mumtaz's move termed significant Mumtaz meets Murtaza Embassy blast financier: wife speaks of harassment Egyptian militants threaten Pakistan ANP chief says govt creating differences The press and the PM Overhead bridge: lack of funds hamper work Arrests: Islamabad seeks details from Manila JWP demands dissolution of assemblies Karamat named COAS Minister on the mat Ghazi Barotha project contracts signed Ban on mobile phone in Lahore urged Murtaza opposes Kalabagh dam ---------------------------------

BUSINESS & ECONOMY

60 pc of revenue to go in debt servicing, claim Sartaj Forex reserve plunge to $525m level Privatisation FIBB, Saudi group shortlisted for UBL Launching of Rs10,000 bonds Poor response to Rs10,000 bonds First tranche of $200m by this month: Shahab $350m WB loan for Barotha project More mutual funds to ease liquidity crunch Goods exempted from 2% penal surcharge Credit rating relaxation for leasing companies upset Moderabas Profit-selling dominates trading on stock market Stocks stage smart rally as blue chip recover Fairly aggressive buying on some quarters Large decline averted on stock market -----------------------------------------------------

EDITORIALS & FEATURES

Independence of the judiciary Ardeshir Cowasjee All over the place: Make use of TV! Omar Kureshi Bank privatisation out of tune with new trend Jafar Wafa Interest of Pakistan & IMF clash Hasan Askree Foreign exchange reserve a critique S. Hasan Azad Creative uncertainty Ayaz Amir A welcome decision Editorial column The special licence Hafizur Rehman Grist for the mill Rifaat Hamid Ghani -----------------------------------------------------

SPORTS

Ban lifted from Qasim Umer Bowlers demolish N.Z. in Pakistans 1-day win New Zealand beat Pakistan in nail-biting finish Pakistan beat N.Z DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS D A W N W I R E S E R V I C E Wishes its readers A very Merry Christmas

NATIONAL NEWS

=================================================================== 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Twenty Five Killed & Liaquatabad besieged ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter A police constable, three MQM worker, A taxi driver, a labourer and an unidentified man were among twenty five people who died in violence this week. Fourteen others, including seven policemen were wounded in random acts of violence. While rangers and police launched a siege- and-search operation in parts of Liaquatabad. The salient features of some of the incidents are listed below. KARACHI, Dec. 14: Arshad Khan of Malir City police station was gunned down by unidentified men. His bullet-riddled body was found on a garbage dump. Police suspect he was kidnapped and executed by his captors. The motive could not be known. A young MQM worker, Iftikhar Ahmed, was killed in Orangi. Police claimed when they raided the house of Iftikhar, they were fired upon by the inmates and in the ensuing shootout Iftikhar was killed. His companions escaped, added the police. Meanwhile, the CIA Jamshed Quarters arrested an MQM worker, Humayun Nasir, and said it found an AK-47 rifle from his possession. KARACHI, Dec. 15:Sher Dad, an MQM worker was kidnapped and killed in Korangi. The police claimed the victim was allegedly kidnapped by rival Haqiqi men and killed. The body of an unidentified man was found in Liaquatabad. The doctors who examined the body said the victim was tortured to death. Another unidentified body was found in Defence Officers Housing Society in Qayyumabad nullah. The police suspect the victim was killed somewhere else in the city and later his body was abandoned in the nullah. During the last few weeks, the police have found at least three bodies in the same place. All the victim were tortured and killed by their captors. KARACHI, Dec. 16: The police found bullet-riddled bodies of two brothers lying in the Liaquatabad graveyard. They were identified as Nek Mohammad and Mohammad Ilyas. Police were unable to find any clue which could shed light on the circumstances in which the two were murdered. DIES IN CUSTODY: An MQM man, who was being interrogated for the murder of two sons of a senior police officer, died in custody. Mohammad Ehsanul Qadir, had been in police custody for the last five days and was one of the three suspects in the killings of Adnan and his brother Azhar, both sons of Additional Superintendent of Police, Qazi Rasheed. The police, however, claimed that he was arrested on Friday in Surjani Town. On the same night, he complained about a chest pain and died. His body was taken to Civil Hospital for autopsy. City police chief Shoaib Suddle suspended ASI Talib Hussain who was interrogating the victim and asked Liaquatabad SP Azhar Majeed Khokhar to investigate the matter. The District Central administration also ordered an enquiry. KARACHI, Dec. 17: A taxi driver and an unidentified man were killed while rangers and police launched a siege-and-search operation in parts of Liaquatabad. Troops surrounded parts of troubled Liaquatabad after heavy shooting in the afternoon. The motive of the shooting could not be known. Rangers carried out siege-and-search operation in Saeedabad and Baldia and detained hundreds of men for interrogations. Most of them were released a couple of hours later. However, it could not be known how many of the people are still in rangers custody. KARACHI, Dec. 18: Liaquatabad, parts of which were surrounded by the police, remained tense throughout the day amid sporadic gunbattles between youths and the police. During a gunbattle in Firdous Colony, Mohammad Saeed, described by the police as an MQM activist, was killed and a head constable, Munsab Khan, wounded. Police claimed the battle erupted when they tried to raid an MQM torture cell set up in Fazlur Rehman School. In the shootout, one person was killed but his five companions escaped. Police found two pistols, some bullets from the possession of the victim. In the cell police also found torture equipment. Seven policemen and five pedestrians, including two women, were wounded when terrorists am-bushed a police vehicle at in Federal B. Area. A 42-year-old labourer, who was leaving for Punjab, was kidnapped and killed by unidentified men in Saeedabad. Allah Dita had left his Saeedabad residence for Muzafargarh when he was kidnapped near his residence. His body was found in the morning by the police. KARACHI, Dec. 19: Al-Karam Square, most of whose 700 residents have abandoned their houses owing to frequent gunfights, was again the scene of a gunbattle, in which an unidentified youth was killed and another, Abdul Malik, wounded when he fell from one of the floors while fleeing. It was not clear whether the victim died while fighting the rangers or was just caught in the cross-fire. Police drew a blank about the incident. Parts of Gharibabad and Liaquatabad also remained tense with rangers and police picking up dozens of youths in a house-to-house search. Affected families complained that police were demanding huge bribes for the release of youths who were being kept at various police stations in district Central. KARACHI, Dec. 20: A former army officer and a trader were killed and four worshippers were wounded when they were attacked during morning prayers in a PECHS house. Two of the five fleeing suspects, identified as Sipah-i-Sahaba workers, died in a gunbattle with the police. Five men armed with AK-47 rifle and pistols raided the PECHS residence of Major (retd) Mohammad Aala Jaffery. The intruders forced them to lie down on the floor and tied their hands with the bands of their trousers. The assailants first collected valuables from the house and then sprayed the six with bullets. The five were fleeing in a car when a police mobile spotted them in Mehmoodabad. In the gunbattle, Mansoor Usmani and Ali Haider were killed. Two of their companions  Shahid Kamal and Farhan Iqbal were arrested. The fifth escaped. KARACHI, Dec. 20: A young man was shot dead in Korangi and the body of an unidentified man chopped into two pieces with the hands tied behind the back was found floating in the harbour. Ajmal Shah, was killed in a shooting incident in Korangi. His political affiliation could not be known. His body was brought to the Jinnah Post-graduate Medical Centre for autopsy. In the morning, Edhi volunteers fished out the body of an unidentified man floating near Keamari. The victim who, according to the doctors, was murdered four days back, was chopped into two pieces with sharp and blunt weapons. An injury was also found on his head. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951217 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Altaf wants replies on relative deaths ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LONDON, Dec. 16: MQM leader Altaf Hussain has called on the president, the prime minister, the interior minister, the governor and the chief minister of Sindh to reply to the points he has raised about deaths of his elder brother and nephew whose bodies were found on Dec. 9 in Gadap. He asked the federal and the provincial governments why they were denying any responsibility for the deaths of two of his relatives who were "taken away from their house in the presence of witnesses by police and men in an armoured vehicle." Mr Hussain said an FIR should be registered on the basis of a written statement about the killings, which was handed over to the SHO, Gulberg. After the arrest of Nasir Hussain, Altaf Hussain's elder brother, the deputy leader of opposition in the Sindh Assembly, Bukhari, had informed the president and the chief justices of the Supreme Court and Sindh High Court, appealing to them to save the life of Mr Nasir and his son. The convenor of the MQM coordination committee, Ishtiaq Azhar had issued a statement to the Press and the AFP news agency had quoted police sources "confirming the arrests". But on Dec. 8 the rangers in a Press statement had not only denied these arrests but also absolved the police from such action. According to a Press release faxed to Dawn, Mr Hussain expressed surprise over the advocacy by the rangers of the police and said on previous occasions they had not issued any such clarifications. The denial, appeared to him, to be part of a "pre- meditated plan". Mr Hussain asked why the rangers had increased their patrol and were suddenly put on alert in Karachi on Dec. 9 if they or any other official agency was not responsible for the arrest of his brother and nephew. "Why was a pre arranged visit to Orangi by the prime minister suddenly cancelled? Why, for the first time, the photographs of the bodies of the two persons were released to the newspapers by the police? Why was no post-mortem done and why the bodies were handed to the Edhi Centre without ascertaining the time and cause of death? Why was a guard placed at the Edhi Centre?" Mr Hussain asked. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Kin of MQM activists released ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent MIRPURKHAS, Dec. 14: Police released some of the relatives and family members of MQM activists. They were arrested during raids after unknown miscreants had set on fire a bogy of a train. Many people were still in the custody, facing a charge of setting ablaze a bus of Mirpurkhas Sugar Mills. Meanwhile, police arrested two youths on charges of burning the bogy. But, Muhammad Yaqoob and Rafiq, who are government servant and donkey- cart driver respectively, told this correspondent at the city police station that they were innocent. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951216 ------------------------------------------------------------------- MQM files rejoinder in Supreme Court ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Dec. 16: The MQM has filed a 3,920-page, 80-volume rejoinder in an attempt to controvert the governments written statement in reply to its petition in the Supreme Court. It claims that the government is more keen on propaganda than on judicial proceedings. The MQM said the statement is being circulated worldwide, particularly at the United Nations, at the taxpayers expense only to score propaganda points without addressing the real constitutional issues involved. The rejoinder also alleges that 80 per cent of the government reply consists of newspaper clippings haphazardly covering a seven-year period from 1985 to 1992. It is further claimed that 20 per cent of the statement is comprised police and intelligence reports which are not admissible in evidence in the court even of a magistrate. It says that all self-incriminatory or confessional statements are unconstitutional and illegal unless recorded in accordance the Criminal Procedure Code. The rejoinder cites the statements of US public representatives and officials, resolutions of the British House of Commons, reports of Amnesty International and other human rights organisations, and news and analyses carried by The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Guardian, The Independent and other newspapers in support of its claim that it enjoys popular backing and electoral strength and its allegations of extra-judicial killings and extortion by agencies in Karachi. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Elderly MQM man arrested ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 17: A 55-year-old MQM supporter, about whom the law enforcement agencies had expressed their ignorance, is being interrogated for terrorism-related cases in Khwaja Ajmer Nagri police station. Irshad Rehmani, a member of MQM elders committee, was arrested from his North Karachi residence on Dec. 9, but the law enforcement agencies denied any knowledge about his whereabouts. On Sunday, his aged wife was told by the Khwaja Ajmer Nagri police that her husband was being interrogated in various cases of terrorism. When contacted, a police officer told Dawn that only a spokesman for the police department was responsible for giving the details of cases against Irshad Rehmani. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Release of MQM man urged ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 17: The MQM coordination committee convenor Senator Ishtiaq Azhar demanded of the government to immediately release Ejaz Mahmood. In a statement, he alleged that Mr Mahmood was being meted out inhuman treatment for his opposition to the dictatorial policies of the government. In another statement, MQM deputy leader in Sindh Assembly, Shoaib Bukhari appealed to the Chief Justice of Sindh High Court to intervene and the save lives of Saeed Ahmad, Fareed Ahmad, Mohammad Naeem and Mohammad Akhtar. He said that the police had arrested them on Dec. 16 during the siege of Ramgarh, Baldia Town. In another statement, MQM MPAs demanded of the government to declare whereabouts of Khalid Aziz, an MQM Sector in charge, who was arrested on Dec. 7. They said Mr Aziz was in police custody since his arrest, but the police were continuously denying his arrest. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Altaf opposes use of extra force ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LONDON, Dec. 18: MQM leader Altaf Hussain has protested against what he has described as the use of extra force by law enforcement agencies in Hyderabad by establishing dozens of posts in several areas of the city. He alleged that officials were resorting to firing and harassing people by arresting them. Mr Hussain said: Hundreds of Mohajir families have left their homes and moved to safer places. Their houses were being broken into for searches and looting, says a Press release faxed to Dawn. He appealed to human rights organisations and the national leaders to visit Hyderabad and see for themselves what was happening there. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- MQM flays workers killing ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 18: The MQM coordination committee condemned the killing of its activist Mohammad Saeed in what it called a fake police encounter in Nazimabad. In a statement, it said Mr Saeed was an activist of Gulbahar-Nazimabad Sector of the MQM. He was killed by the police near his house after being arrested at 2.00 pm in Firdous Colony. It held the president, prime minister, federal interior minister, Sindh governor and chief minister responsible for the killing of Mr Saeed. In another statement, the MQM deputy parliamentary leader in Sindh Assembly, Shoaib Bukhari, appealed to the Chief Justice of Sindh High Court to intervene and save the life of Sultan. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- MQM links talks with end to killings ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 19: MQM chief negotiator Ajmal Dehlavi said that his party was ready to resume talks with the government provided suppression of the MQM and killing of its workers were stopped forthwith. Mr Dehlavi said the MQM negotiation team had received a reply to its letter after 40 days from the government. Under the circumstances, he said, the President himself would be justified in determining who was at fault. He said MQM was ready to play its role for the restoration and maintenance of peace in the megalopolis if the government refrained from committing atrocities against the MQM. Mr Dehlavi asked the President what he was doing to save the country from a colossal loss when the president of the Karachi Stock Exchange, Siraj Casim, had briefed him about Rs 100 billion loss owing to the Karachi situation. He said, during the current year, 2,000 persons had been killed because of state terrorism and therefore the government had lost the right to rule. Despite all atrocities committed by the state machinery, he said, the MQM was ready to hold negotiations with the President in all earnest desire for peace in the city. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Leghari urged to save activists life ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 19: MQM Coordination Committee Convenor Senator Ishtiaq Azhar urged President Farooq Ahmad Leghari to intervene and save the life of Khalid Aziz, in charge of the MQM Society Sector who was arrested by law enforcers on Dec. 7. In an open letter to the president, he said Aziz and his younger brother were arrested at their home in Federal B. Area by the rangers and police 12 days back. After arresting Aziz, Mr Azhar said, the law enforcers beat him badly outside his home and took him to an unknown destination. Since his arrest on Dec. 7, he had not been produced in the court of law by the police, he added. Mr Azhar said: The two are in police custody, but the police are denying that they had arrested them. Mr Azhar appealed to the president to order the Sindh government to recover them forthwith. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Altaf concerned over two workers fate ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LONDON, Dec. 20: MQM leader Altaf Hussain has expressed concern over the safety of two of his party workers who, he said, where arrested on Dec. 7 in Federal B Area, but their arrests are being denied by the government. According to a press release faxed to Dawn, he has urged the Supreme Court and Sindh High Court Chief Justice to intervene urgently to save the lives of Khalid Aziz and his younger brother, Tariq Aziz, who have now been missing for the last 13 days. Mr Hussain said he feared that the two men might meet the same fate as his own brother and nephew met a few days back. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- MQM condemns setting up of police pickets ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent HYDERABAD, Dec. 20: The spokesman for MQM, has condemned the establishment of police pickets in thickly populated areas of Faqir Ka Pir, Chotki Ghitti, Resham Gali, Khata Chowk, Seroghat and the adjoining localities and alleged that the government had planned a genocide of MQM workers and Haq Parast people. In a statement issued, the spokesman alleged that first the government agencies got a robbery committed in the banks of Chotki Ghitti through criminals and on that pretext the agencies attacked these areas and held the people hostages. He said although the government had propagated that the action was being taken against hardened criminals, no criminal had been arrested so far and added that those who had looted the property and money of the people had escaped under the shelter of police. He termed the onslaught of police in these densely populated areas a result of manipulation between criminals and police to start massacre of the innocent Haq Parast people. He also alleged that the police were conducting house-to-house search and humiliating women and children and added that innocent people who were being arrested during searches were being subjected to inhuman torture. He warned that if the government did not stop raids and arrests of innocent persons, the entire city will be compelled to resort to protest. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reply to PMs letter : Nawaz again demands mid-term polls ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 14 : Mr Sharif replied to Ms Bhuttos letter written to him on December 10, copy of which was also circulated to the Press, in which he has conditioned his meeting with the prime minister to the holding of mid- term elections  a demand she has already rejected. It is my opinion that the country cannot get out of the serious economic mess, political crisis and the alarming Karachi situation without going back to the electorate through fresh elections coupled with basic constitutional and legal reforms. I am sure this is not too high a price to rid the country of this malaise and put Pakistan back on the rails, he said in his letter. The opposition leader pointed out that the constitutional package should not be confined to the removal of the Eighth Amendment and the restoration of women seats, but it should also cover other important issues such as floor crossing, independence of the judiciary, setting up of an independent and high- powered judicial commission for eradicating corruption, and constitutional guarantees for free and fair elections. I am surprised that despite such massive failures on every front, the government should still insist on completing its five- year tenure. The country, in my view, will simply not be able to bear a continuation of this misrule much longer, Mr Sharif asserted. He said he appreciated the prime ministers anxiety to restore the faltering credibility of the government in the face of growing political and economic crisis in the country. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951216 ------------------------------------------------------------------- All packed up and nowhere to go! ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mohammad Malick DRIVING back from a public meeting recently, Nawaz Sharif turned to a top PML leader accompanying him and asked about the means to take this mass contact movement to its logical conclusion. When asked about what he perceived as being the logical conclusion, the leader of the opposition reportedly looked askance at the man and retorted rather sharply: If I knew that, I would have figured out the means as well. Unbelievable as it may sound, it is but true that Nawaz has lunged, head first, into a nation-wide campaign to whip up anti- government sentiment without any concrete plans for the next phase. The unsettling reality from the oppositions perspective, is that its top leadership does not have the foggiest idea of what comes next. There is no denying that Nawaz has been getting a good response in terms of public turnouts etc, but for that he must thank the governments losses more than any of his own political gains. And it is this very lack of direction and the want of a clearly chalked-out political strategy that seems to be crippling the working of the opposition at one of those rare times in the present tenure of Benazir government, where the government is betraying signs of playing nervously on a somewhat weaker political wicket. There is little doubt about the government feeling the growing pressures. Karachi continues to defy all government writ, law and order situation is generally alarming, economy is in a virtual mess and inching along on a month-by-month basis on IMF funded trances, while the question of announcing the successor in Rawalpindi is contributing in its own silently disturbing manner. Everyday there are rumours about the packing up of the system and unfortunately ours has been a proven track record of rumours turning into reality. In this background, the prime ministers latest letter to Nawaz generated a lot of debate in the opposition ranks. As one senior PML leader suggested, opposition always has the edge because it has no record to be judged against. It just has to point out the governments shortcomings and wait for it to blunder. Opposition never wins an election, its the government that loses it. Nawaz was also advised to desist from scaring away the government by making early elections a pre-condition for any political dialogue. While incorporating almost all other recommendations regarding the extension of the negotiation agenda to include other items like floor crossing, judicial independence etc, Nawaz could not resist his hawks pressure to add the pre-condition of early polls for the holding of any serious dialogue. As expected, the two sides have retreated to their old rigid positions. Could it be that the leader of the opposition may have gained heart from the latest gossip to trickle out of the PM house according to which the Atchison educated Pir of the prime minister has reportedly told her that if the next elections were held in November of 1996, she would win another term in office. Judging from the present economic mess and growing public antipathy, one wonders whose side the Pir sahib is really on?. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PML to expose govts loot, plunder ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 17: The PML has set up a three-member anti-corruption committee to expose the alleged loot and plunder of the ruling party. The PPP has siphoned away at least Rs50 billion from the public exchequer, Khawaja Mohammad Asif who heads the committee, told a press conference. The committee will take cognisance of each and every case where misuse or loot of the public exchequer is involved. Mr Asif said the reluctance of the government to constitute such a parliamentary committee to check the increasing corruption had prompted the opposition to set up this committee. Mr Asif appealed to the general public to inform his committee of any incident of corruption they might come across in any public sector department or organisation. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PML leader asks PM to accept realities ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 19: MNA Mian Ejaz Shafi has urged the prime minister to accept realities instead of levelling baseless charges against the leader of the opposition, Nawaz Sharif. He expressed concern over the situation in Karachi and said under a well-planned move the government was penalising people for not supporting the PPP. Extra-judicial killings, raids, siege of localities and arrests of a number of people was a proof of revenge of the ruling party, he added. Bribery and corruption were being encouraged. Even the people were deprived of basic amenities, including water supply, and there was no security of life, he said. He alleged that rulers after emptying government coffers were collecting money from the people through introduction of bonds. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Nawaz hails Karamats appointment ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 19: Opposition leader Nawaz Sharif welcomed the appointment of Gen Jehangir Karamat as the new Chief of the Army Staff, and paid tributes to Gen Abdul Waheed Khan for not accepting the extension of one year in his service. The PML chief said that General Waheed has taken a right decision and hoped his decision would go a long way in encouraging the growth of professionalism in the armed forces of Pakistan. Mr Sharif said he welcomed the decision because it had at last ended the state of uncertainty that was created as a result of what he described as quite unnecessary delay in this announcement, which had generated rumours on a massive scale with detrimental effects for the political and economic stability of the country. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Govt ready to resume talks, says N.D. Khan ------------------------------------------------------------------- KARACHI, Dec. 15: Prof N.D. Khan, Federal Minister for Law and Justice, has said that the government is determined to establish peace in Karachi and is ready to resume stalled talks with the MQM. Commenting on stalled talks, he said government was ready to resume talks. He said that he had a meeting with MQM negotiating team, but in the meantime the killing incident of brother and nephew of MQM chief Altaf Hussain took place. However, he hoped that the stalled talks would resume soon. He said that the PML and MQM in particular should not see the Karachi issue in political background and should make efforts to restore peace in Karachi and Sindh. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan is alert: PM ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Dec. 17: Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto said Pakistan is vigilant of the international and regional situation and the nation should be confident that its security, integrity and solidarity would never be compromised. We are vigilant and carefully watching the changing international and regional situation and the nation should rest assured that security, integrity and solidarity of the country will never be compromised irrespective of any circumstances whatsoever. She said she did not believe in the politics for the sake of grabbing power by undemocratic means or by deceiving the people and without any consideration to vital national interests. Politics is a noble mission for me and a means to realise my dream and desire to see Pakistan as a developed nation. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- President's offer to MQM ------------------------------------------------------------------- Nasir Malick ISLAMABAD, Dec. 18 : President Farooq Leghari has called upon the MQM to give up arms, renounce terrorism and join the government. Mr Leghari, who spoke mostly extempore on the Karachi situation, said there was no other option but to include the MQM in the system. He said the MQM should help the government curb terrorism. They should hunt out terrorist groups in Karachi whether they belong to drug Mafia or other. Mr Leghari said local bodies elections could be held within six months provided peace was restored to the violence-hit city. Within three months, rest of the things can be settled. He also mentioned that he was in favour of local bodies elections. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Leghari criticises WB for opposing big dams ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 18: President Farooq Leghari criticised the World Bank for opposing the construction of big dams and instead supporting thermal power generation which was a threat to the environment. President Farooq Leghari strongly supported the hydel power generation, which he said was more suitable for Pakistan which has huge untapped hydel resources. President Farooq Leghari said the World Bank was itself supporting electricity generation through thermal and coal-fired plants and has set up a fund for this purpose. The president said Pakistan was against all such projects which are environment unfriendly. President Leghari said We are happy that they (World Bank) are supporting Ghazi Barotha hydel power generation project yet they should also consider helping the developing countries in constructing big dams. He said every country has its own priorities. We must have wider alternatives and greater choices, he asserted. One choice is adoption of solar energy, he added. He said there is distortion in the distribution of energy in the world because 25 per cent of the developed countries, which are consuming two-third of the electricity, were denying transfer of technology to the developing countries. He said the world was moving in a direction where there will be an immense clash of interest as the countries having knowledge and technologies are putting an embargo on them. Dissemination of knowledge should be encouraged. He said countries like France fulfil 80 per cent of their energy requirements from nuclear power generation whereas this technology is denied to the developing countries. For many countries, nuclear energy will be a more viable option. What I am pleading is availability of choices. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PA session lasts 16 minutes, entire Opposition stays away ------------------------------------------------------------------- Habib Khan Ghori KARACHI, Dec. 14: The winter session of the Sindh Assembly, which began here on Thursday with Speaker Ghous Bux Maher in the chair, ended just in 16 minutes after disposing of the order of the day, which included the question hour. With the entire opposition staying away, the treasury benches failed to enliven the House before the members could settle down to take up work. The chair called it a day around 10.46 am to meet again on Sunday. When the House was called to order at 10.30 am there were 36 members on the treasury benches. As there was no other business for the day, the chair adjourned the session to meet again on Sunday. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PML MPAs create pandemonium in Punjab Assembly ------------------------------------------------------------------- Nasir Jamal LAHORE, Dec. 14: The PML opposition created pandemonium in the provincial assembly when Acting Speaker Mian Manzoor Mohal dismissed its plea to table a resolution condemning the arrest of its leader Shahbaz Sharif and his alleged torture by the FIA. During a discussion on adjournment motions moved by provincial legislators during the first day of the opposition-requisitioned session, Acting Opposition Leader Chaudhry Parvez Elahi rose to request the chair to suspend all rules to take up the PMLs resolution on Mr Shahbaz Sharif. Undeterred by shouts from the Treasury Benches, Mr Elahi started reading the text of the resolution despite the Chairs refusal to take up the matter. Mian Manzoor Mohal repeatedly said he would let the resolution be debated on Sunday, but the PML leader went ahead with his reading. Other opposition members also rose to their feet, shouting anti - government slogans and, led by Mr Elahi and Sirdar Zulfikar Khan Khosa, encircled the Speakers chair to press him to admit the resolution. Mr Mohal politely asked them to return to their seats. You can convey the same thing from your places. Do not try to put pressure on me. I cannot allow something that is violative of the rules to happen in the House. The Leader of the Opposition and other members of the House are equal before me, and nobody can be permitted to invade the sanctity of the House, Mr Mohal told the Opposition. The Opposition MPAs returned to their seats after a few minutes. Mr Mohal agreed with a suggestion from PML MPA Zafar Ali Shah that the Leader of the Opposition and the Law Minister should sit together and evolve a consensus resolution as it was a harmless issue and pertained to the supremacy of political values, institutions and the Constitution and not Mr Sharif. The Acting Speaker directed the Law Minister to sit with Mr Elahi, formulate a joint resolution and present it to him before moving it in the house. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- PA boycott to continue: Sattar ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 14: Dr Farooq Sattar, the leader of the opposition in the Sindh Assembly, reiterated that opposition Haq Parast group would continue boycott of the assembly proceedings until the government discharged its obligations by facilitating the opposition and ensuring attendance of their detained colleagues. He said, the government did not move as the government had reservation owing to exposure of torture inflicted on imprisoned MPAs at Adiala Jail for pressurising them to change their loyalty. The leader of the opposition said that they had been implicated in a concocted case just to keep them at Adiala Jail for compelling them to change their loyalty. Terming their confinement illegal he said the government itself was showing scant respect for the laws as their colleagues who had been facing some 70 cases in Karachi were not being brought on the dates of hearing nor they were being tried at the Adiala prison. He said he himself had been brought from the prison after 65 days as he was not produced on the dates of hearing in any case before the trial court. When his attention was drawn towards the law ministers stand that the opposition was not playing its role for which they were elected, he said when the government had not tolerated the opposition, how they could play any role. Its all efforts were to create non-conducive conditions for the opposition to keep them away from the assembly. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Session boycotted : Opposition accuses Mohal of sell-out ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Dec. 17: The opposition in the Punjab Assembly said it had no confidence in acting Speaker Manzoor Mohal and boycotted the second day of the requisitioned session after proceedings lasting about 95 minutes. The boycott came after Mr Mohal refused permission to the opposition to table a resolution against alleged torture by the FIA on Mian Shahbaz Sharif, detained in Adiala Jail. Before staging the walkout, the opposition members used derogatory language against Mr Mohal and acting opposition leader Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi said that the opposition was expressing its no- confidence in Mr Mohal and was boycotting the session. He warned that if violence against opposition legislators was not checked, nobody would feel secure. Pakistan is, with the passage of time, degenerating into a graveyard of human rights. Mr Mohal remained unmoved by all these arguments and he said since no joint resolution could be drafted, as was agreed upon earlier, he would not allow the opposition to table it unilaterally. The opposition staged a walkout and the acting speaker started disposing of privilege motions by the opposition members. Rawalpindis Chaudhry Muhammad Riaz returned to House for a short while to request Mr Mohal that since his party was staying away, his privilege motion should be kept pending. The chair turned down the request. When the House continued to lack quorum even after that he adjourned the session for half-an-hour. After that he adjourned it sine die. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Proceedings of Sindh PA criticised ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LARKANA, Dec. 19: Sindh National Front chief Mumtaz Ali Bhutto has said the laws passed in hurry and in violation of the rules and regulations in the Sindh Assembly by the treasury benches where the opposition members were not allowed to express their views could be challenged. He said the PA was meeting only to fulfil the constitutional requirements, where already promulgated ordinances of governor were being shaped as laws. Mr Bhutto regretted that a proposal placed in the House four times by him and Syed Muzaffar Hussain Shah for making a facts- finding committee to explore the factors responsible for the ever-worsening law and order situation in the province, remained unheeded. The government was evading to discuss the issues of sky- rocketing prices of essential commodities, growing unemployment, law and order, ever-increasing corruption and the police atrocities, Mr Bhutto said. He said the Speaker had rejected his 10 proposals out of 14 which spoke volumes for the commitments towards promulgating laws by PPP government. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- MPO comes under scathing attack ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 19: The controversial legal tool of Maintenance of Public Order (MPO) came under a scathing attack in the House, with the opposition dubbing it a black law and demanding its immediate repeal. The government for its part, held its ground, with Minister of State for Law Raza Rabbani negating the impression about the governments insensitivity to the issue and insisted that there is no change in the policy of the government which is taking measures to protect human rights. He, however, did invite the opposition to cooperate with the government in repealing all black laws and to help find ways to stop violations of basic human rights. According to oppositions perspective, the MPOs are nothing more than tools for victimising the political opposition. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Younus Habib awarded 10 years RI ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bhagwandas KARACHI, Dec. 14: M.Y.H., the former chief of defunct Mehran Bank was sentenced to 10 years rigorous imprisonment and fined Rs 36.7 million in a fraud case while his co-accused Saleem Sattar was acquitted. In a 52-page judgment, the Presiding officer of the Special Court for Offences in Banks in Sindh, Hasan Feroz, said half of the fine, if recovered, would be given to the bank while the other half would go to the State. In case of default of payment for the fine levied on him, the controversial banker, who was convicted under Section 409 PPC, will have to serve another two and a half years, the order says. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Detachment of Brown Amendment vital for Pakistan ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shaheen Sehbai WASHINGTON, Dec. 19: The Brown Amendment appears to have been caught in a deadly crossfire over the abortion issue and unless Pakistan lobbied hard and fast on the Hill, it may well get buried with the Foreign Operations Bill carrying it. These experts say if Pakistan did not succeed in detaching the Brown Amendment from the Foreign Aid Bill and missed the opportunity to tag it on to the new law being considered for Israel, the whole issue may get bogged down for months because then the Foreign Operations Bill would remain hostage to the abortion issue as long as it was not resolved. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Indian missile plan decried : Pakistan warns of appropriate response ------------------------------------------------------------------- Hasan Akhtar ISLAMABAD, Dec. 20: Pakistan has threatened that it will appropriately respond to the Indian missile programme within the MTCR regime and stated that Islamabad had no reason to accept the Indian denial of the American press reports that it was preparing its second nuclear explosion (soon) at Pokharan in Rajasthan, close to Pakistans Sindh border. The first one was in 1974. Foreign Minister Sardar Assef Ahmed Ali who returned from a 10-day foreign visit during which he attended the sixth meeting of the foreign ministers of South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in New Delhi, said at a news briefing on Wednesday evening that he found little credibility in the statement of Indian Foreign Minister Parnab Mukherji that India had no intention of developing a nuclear weapon. India had more often than not shifted its position on the nuclear and other such issues. The minister avoided responding directly to a question whether Pakistan, too, would carry out a nuclear explosion in case India went ahead with its, but warned that the consequences of the Indian nuclear explosion would be entirely on India which he alleged had killed the Simla Agreement. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- World Bank sends guidelines for Farm water regulatory system ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ashraf Mumtaz LAHORE, Dec. 19: The World Bank has sent the government a set of guidelines in the light of which statutes for the new authorities are to be drafted. The staff to be recruited for the commissions or authorities would be approved by the World Bank as also their statutes. The bank has offered the services of various companies in the drafting of the statutes. The World Bank has also asked the government to remove 30 per cent employees of the irrigation department who the bank thinks are surplus. Punjab government sources were of the view that the pattern proposed by the World Bank for converting the irrigation department into autonomous authorities was different from the impression President Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari had given. The sources pointed out that the Mexico pattern, as suggested by the World Bank, was not suitable for Pakistan. In Mexico, it is said, water and land were delinked while in Pakistan the situation was the exact opposite of this. Pakistani farmers, the sources said, were not in a position to buy water from water markets to irrigate their crops as will be the case if the World Bank guidelines were followed. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan situation : US embassy sends report to State Department ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ihtasham ul Haque ISLAMABAD, Dec. 14: The American embassy has prepared a detailed report and sent it to the State Department in Washington on the current political and economic situation in Pakistan. The report pointed out that the political situation in Pakistan would remain highly uncertain till the appointment of a new army chief, General Abdul Waheed, the present COAS, will be retiring in January. It talked about the law and order situation in Pakistan due to which foreign investors were hesitant to risk their investment. The findings of the US officials particularly mentioned the growing incidents of subversion and terrorism in Karachi. However, the report said, that the PPP government was using all possible means to control that situation. The report, nevertheless, pointed out that without initiating dialogue with MQM, no lasting peace could be achieved in Karachi and that all the political forces should facilitate talks between the government and the MQM headed by Altaf Hussain. Sources said the report termed economic situation not very good but appreciated various efforts being made by Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto to improve it with the help of the IMF and the World Bank. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mumtaz's move termed significant ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 14: In a rapidly changing political scenario and the ongoing violence in Karachi, former chief minister of Sindh, Mumtaz Bhutto, has suddenly emerged as an important factor who could contribute in bridging the gap between rural and urban Sindhis, political sources said. Great importance is being attached to his unscheduled and surprise meeting with the Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto earlier this week and subsequently with the chief MQM negotiator Ajmal Dehlavi. Mr Bhutto, met the chief MQM negotiator Ajmal Dehlavi at his office to condole the death of Altaf Hussains brother and nephew and exchanged views on matters of mutual interest. Mr Dehlavi said that during conversation with Mr Bhutto he did mention about the MQMs grievances and problems being faced by the community. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mumtaz meets Murtaza ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LARKANA, Dec. 19: The chairman of the United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) Mr Mumtaz Ali Bhutto drove to the Al-Murtaza residence along with his son Amir Bakhs Bhutto to meet Mir Murtaza Bhutto, chairman of the PPP(SB) party. Both the leaders dined together in Al-Murtaza house and the sources attaching importance to the meeting say that it could be seen in the backdrop of the recent meeting of Mumtaz Ali Bhutto with the Prime Minister in Islamabad and later with the chief MQM negotiator Ajmal Dehlavi. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Embassy blast financier: wife speaks of harassment ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report ISLAMABAD, Dec. 14: The alleged financier of the Egyptian embassy bomb blast in Islamabad, a Canadian national running a non-governmental organisation inside Afghanistan, crossed into Pakistan on Dec. 2 and not on Dec. 3 as claimed by Interior Minister Naseerullah Babar on the floor of the National Assembly, his wife claimed. Saeed Ahmad Khadr, of Egyptian origin, was also not arrested while crossing the border but had gone to the police station to know why the police had been harassing his family during his absence abroad, 38- year-old Maha Elsamna told reporters outside the Canadian embassy. Ms Elsamna said her detained husband, who is regional director of a Canada-based NGO, Human Concern International, had returned from Afghanistan on Dec. 2 and went to the police the following day to complain about a raid on their home in Peshawar five days earlier. Ms Elsamna said that the entire family was taken to the police station where they were kept for two hours before being set free. When her husband returned from Afghanistan on Dec. 2, she informed him about the raid, adding that on Dec. 3 her husband went to the police station to complain about the raid but never returned. Does a criminal go to the police station by himself? she asked. The next day I read about the arrest of some alleged financier of the Egyptian embassy blast. Ms Elsamna said the police twice raided her house on Dec. 4, a day after her husbands detention, and ransacked it. They took away their passports, 10,000 dollars in cash and the Afghan currency meant for the NGOs staff salaries. She said they had been living in Peshawar for the last 10 years but had never involved themselves in politics because they were doing relief work. Ms Elsamna said she was neither being informed about the whereabouts of her husband nor whether he was being tortured or why he was arrested. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Egyptian militants threaten Pakistan ------------------------------------------------------------------- CAIRO, Dec. 15: An underground militant group threatened reprisals against Pakistan if it extradites more fundamentalists to Egypt the Talaeh al-Fatah (Vanguard of the Conquest) warned, in a statement published in the London-based Arab newspaper Al-Hayat. The group also warned Egypt against hunting militants abroad. Pakistan have extradited to Egypt some 15 alleged militants since the start of 1994, according to Egyptian police. But the interior ministry on Thursday denied a report in Al-Hayat that Pakistan had also extradited an Egyptian with Canadian nationality suspected of involvement in the bombing of Egypts embassy in Islamabad. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- ANP chief says govt creating differences ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report PESHAWAR, Dec. 15: Expressing concern over the prevailing situation in the country, the provincial chief of Awami National Party (ANP), Begum Nasim Wali Khan, has said the rulers are conspiring to create the 1970-like situation which caused division of Pakistan. The ANP leader called upon the people to rise and overthrow the Benazir government which, if it was allowed to continue longer, would divide Pakistan and its people. She said her appeal was directed towards all - Punjabis, Pathans, Sindhis and Balochs. Terming Kalabagh dam as a dead horse, the ANP chief warned those who were trying to give a new life to it were not well wishers of Pakistan. Another ANP leader, Haji Ghulam Ahmed Bilour, in his speech, said majority of the population remained unrepresented in the assemblies which called for fresh elections. He held the present rulers responsible for the Karachi situation. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- The Press and the PM ------------------------------------------------------------------- NO-ONE can deny that all is not well with the Press. Our newspapers are far behind the developed countries qualitatively and quantitatively. In my view, the English language has been the main reason why we have not been able to develop a truly national Press since independence. English is, without doubt, a great language. Paradoxically, however, while it was the language of liberation during the struggle for independence, today, it has become an instrument of exploitation. The fruits of independence have been reaped by the tiny English-speaking minority which replaced the Sahibs immediately after they left. English should have continued to inspire liberal, democratic ideas. Editorial writers, columnists still continue to espouse the liberal, democratic traditions, but who reads them or cares for them? It is the Urdu Press which should have given the lead in this regard. Martial law brought all serious discussion to an end. Fighting against losing circulations, the Urdu papers began giving in to sensationalism, to publishing trite statements from men of no importance. The race for readership obliged Urdu newspapers to use juicier and juicier headlines, to employ more and more colourful language, especially in crime reports. The prime minister has been extremely harsh in her criticism of the Press in recent weeks. While some of her remarks are well deserved by us of the Fourth Estate, one must say that she has been a bit too sweeping in her condemnation of journalism and journalists. But I will not commit the same sin by being equally sweeping in my rebuttal of her charge that newspapers are packs of lies, and that no- one should believe a word of what they write. Governments, especially Pakistani governments, tend to become increasingly intolerant of dissent when they begin to get into trouble. Now, Ms. Bhutto is in plenty of trouble both at home and abroad. And she is reacting just like her father did. I wont go into details. Everyone knows them. Suffice it to say that Mr Bhutto ordered the arrest of more newsmen and the closure of more magazines than any other government before or since, civil or military. Mercifully, she has not yet begun ordering the arrest of newsmen or closing down of newspapers. But who knows? Anyway, my submission to her is that by turning her back on ugly reality, it will not vanish, she herself will. Our newspapers may sensationalise things, but they still reflect the situation on the ground. For instance, Mr Altaf Husains elder brother and nephew were killed in Karachi. Were they not, and should the Press have blacked the news out? Are prices not rising? Or are they just jumping for joy? Did Mr Kharal not call Mr Nawaz Sharif a RAW agent? Principled politics leads to principled journalism and not vice-versa. Have no stove burst deaths taken place anywhere in Pakistan? Has Pakistans trade imbalance not soared past $1.7 billion in the five months of the current fiscal year? Are standards of education not falling every minute? Was there no bomb explosion at the Egyptian embassy in Islamabad? Is the law and order situation not worse than ever? Is our population not exploding at a fearful rate? Has not continued violence in Karachi dealt a stunning blow to the economy and driven away prospective foreign investors? This was just a random sample of the lies the Press has been spreading lately. So Madame prime minister, if the state of the nation is ugly, the Press cannot make it beautiful; only politicians can. There cant be a developed Press in a developing country which has yet to attain any degree of political maturity. In any civilised country, the type of accusations Mr Kharal hurls at Mian Nawaz Sharif would have earned him a thousand libel suits. On its part, the Press deserves to evolve a voluntary code of conduct of its own. It is time we stopped printing libellous matter. (It is already against the law, but regretfully, nobody seeks legal remedies). Once this code has been evolved, there should be an institutional apparatus to penalise a publication / violating it. As for the print media, we do not know what the newspapers and magazines are writing in other regional countries. Apart from political barriers, there are lingual barriers. The latter could be removed by establishing a publishing house in the public sector which should take out the same magazine in various regional languages plus, of course, English. Its staff should also be drawn from all regional countries, and it should be headquartered in Bangladesh. I am insisting on single headquarters because they will bring people from all regions together in a joint effort for peace. The official media, especially in India and Pakistan, has been hacking at peace for all of fifty years and is now incapable of making peace out of pieces. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Overhead bridge : Lack of funds hampers work ------------------------------------------------------------------- Saghir Ahmed KARACHI, Dec. 14: Development work on the KDAs overhead railway bridge project at the main University Road has been hampered by inordinate delays caused by the non-availability of funds for shifting utility services from the site. Now, the actual work on the bridge is likely to begin next month. Inquiries show that the World Bank, funding the project at 70:30 ratio, had already released its share whereas the government share of 30 per cent has yet to be received by the KDA. Although the government had recently ordered release of its share money but it has yet to come to the kitty of the KDA. Since the project is already late and behind the schedule by a couple of months, it appears to be the cause of the main worry of the KDAs apprehension that the World Bank mission, which may arrive here any time to monitor the projects progress in the execution of the project schedule, may consider to suspend loan for lagging behind schedule. The contractors also have shown their unrest over the delays which were contrary to the terms and conditions of the agreement. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Arrests: Islamabad seeks details from Manila ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Dec. 17: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has contacted Pakistan embassy in Philippines, seeking necessary information about five foreigners arrested by Philippine police in north of Manila with Pakistani passports and plastic explosives. The sources said the Pakistan government would be able to offer any comment on the arrest issue only after knowing details. A police spokesman in Manila had announced after the arrest of the five foreigners that they had been under surveillance since their arrival on a flight from Karachi last month. They were carrying Pakistani passports but it was not immediately clear whether the documents were genuine, the spokesman had stated. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- JWP demands dissolution of assemblies ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent QUETTA, Dec. 17: The Opposition Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP) demanded immediate dissolution of all the governments in centre and the provinces and the assemblies to pave the way for a new system reflective of the masses aspiration. In a statement issued here the JWP considers as ineffective the validity of the present governments and assemblies which have pushed the country towards a dead tunnel. The JWP said a new system should be devised after dissolving the present government and assemblies in order to ensure that it (system) became immune of flaws and deficiencies which has triggered the collapse of the present system. The JWP believes the masses are at the brink of revolt against the present system and it would be better that it should be done away with in time by dismissing all the governments and the assemblies. The party has also formed a seven-member committee to co-ordinate efforts with other like-minded to get rid of the present governments and the present system. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Karamat named COAS ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ihtashamul Haque ISLAMABAD, Dec. 18: President Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari has appointed Lt. Gen. Jehangir Karamat, Chief of the General Staff, as the new Chief of Army Staff to succeed General Abdul Waheed who is scheduled to retire on January 12, 1996. The nomination of Lt. Gen Karamat to the top most brings to an end the speculations, rife for the last two months, whether or not the government would succeed in convincing General Waheed to accept an extension of one year. The out-going General is said to have declined the offer politely but agreed with the proposal to extend the tenure of the post of COAS to four years from the present three-year term. Lt.Gen Jehangir Karamat is the senior most officer in the Pakistan Army, and therefore, he would be superseding none when he would take over as the COAS on January 12, 1996. The COAS-designate called on President Leghari at Aiwan-i- Sadr and thanked him for the promotion and said he would do his utmost to serve the country and the nation to the best of his abilities. He would be 11th chief of the Pakistan Army in the 48 years of the countrys history. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Minister on the mat ------------------------------------------------------------------- Habib Khan Ghori KARACHI, Dec. 18: When the Sindh Assembly got down to work with 33 members on the treasury benches, the journalists sitting in the Press gallery were expecting a lifeless session. But to the surprise of everyone, it turned out to be an exciting day despite the opposition members staying away. This day was for questions pertaining to communications, works and transport departments. The transport minister went through the mill of supplementaries without any fuss as treasury members did not appear well versed about the department. Parvez Ali Shah, who also is a senior minister, was embarrassed when all those MPAs who have been facing hardships in getting accommodation in the Sindh House, Islamabad, put him on the mat through a number of supplementaries. In most cases he had no satisfactory replies. Every time he was caught on the wrong foot the speaker came to his rescue but the very next moment Dr Abdul Wahid Soomro took on him through another question. Almost the entire hour was consumed by the three questions of Dr Soomro which were all about the affairs of the Sindh House. In reply to Dr Soomros question, the minister informed the House that the total rent income received from the Sindh House from October 1993 to September 10, 1995, was Rs 2,356,581.28 while expenditure during the year 1993-94 was Rs 8,246,235 and during the year 1994-95 was Rs 9,528,443.0 As the law minister was not present, Syed Murad Ali Shah presented the two ordinances before the House which were on the agenda. Soon after laying of the ordinances, the law minister entered the House and presented two bills, No 23 and 24, for consideration. Both the bills were passed by the Assembly. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ghazi Barotha project contracts signed ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bureau Report LAHORE, Dec. 19: WAPDA and Ghazi-Barotha Consortium signed contracts of Rs 15.9 billion for the construction of two components of 1450 MW hydropower project. The contracts are for the construction of a barrage and a 52 KM long channel. The contracts for the barrage and the channel have been awarded to the Ghazi-Barotha Consortium which comprises of five contractors led by Impregile of Italy. Impregile was the main contractor of the consortium which had built the Tarbela Dam two decades ago. Besides Impregile the Ghazi-Barotha Consortium has four other contractors namely, Zublin of Germany, Compenon Bernard of France, Saadullah Khan and Nazir and Company of Pakistan. The barrage is estimated to cost Rs 5830 million and the channel Rs 10,068 million. The World Bank has already made a commitment of providing 300 million dollars (about Rs 10 billion) for the channel. The Asian Development Bank will provide foreign exchange for the barrage. A team of Pakistani officers is busy these days holding negotiations with the ADB for the loan. Funds will also be provided by Japan, Germany, the Islamic Development Bank and European Investment Bank for the construction of the project which is now estimated to cost $2.16 billion (about Rs 70 billion). DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ban on mobile phones in Lahore urged ------------------------------------------------------------------- Faraz Hashmi ISLAMABAD, Dec. 20 : Intelligence agencies have asked the government to impose ban on mobile phones in Lahore following reports that these are being used for trans-border communication , posing a serious threat to the countrys security. Mr Khan denied that the government was considering allowing mobile phone, pay phone and pager companies to resume their operations in the violence-hit city of Karachi. Mr Khan conceded that the ban was sending wrong signals internationally regarding the investment climate in the country. However, the security agencies contend that the ban helped them a lot in breaking the terrorist network in Karachi. Mr.Feroze said he disagreed that the ban had helped in curbing terrorism in Karachi. He also said there were reports that terrorists were using E-mail, radio-based system of utility companies and other organisations like Karachi Electric Supply Corporation and Steel Mills, besides satellite phones, for communication. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Murtaza opposes Kalabagh dam ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Correspondent LARKANA, Dec. 20: Mir Murtaza Bhutto is ready to sit around the table for dialogues with Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto only over national and political issues Mr.Inayat Hussain, told newsmen. When asked what transpired from the meeting between Mir Murtaza Bhutto and Mr Mumtaz Ali Bhutto, he said both the leaders agreed after exchange of views to oppose the construction of Kalabagh Dam, because it would ruin the fertile agriculture land in Sindh, Baluchistan and NWFP. All the three assemblies had already passed unanimous resolution against its establishment, he added. He denied the impression that Mumtaz Ali Bhutto had conveyed any message from the Prime Minister to Mir Murtaza aiming at reconciliation. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS Meet Sabz and Zaitooni. Theyve been around for 180 million and would like to stay. Can they? Its up to you Pakistan harbours 2 of the 7 species of turtles found in the world today. For 180 million years, Sabz (Green Turtle) and Zaitooni (Olive Ridley Turtle) have come to Karachis beaches to lay their eggs. Sadly today Sabz and Zaitooni are in danger. Soon they may be extinct. Unless you help. Once the eggs are laid, Sabz and Zaitooni returns to the sea. The eggs although camouflaged in a nest hole are threatened by predators; Every year fewer and fewer eggs hatch. If this continues, none of Sabz and Zaitoonis eggs will hatch and they will disappear forever. Are you going to allow this to happen? Sabz and Zaitooni are a vital balancing link in our ecological system. They have brought colour and variety to our beaches. They are one of the most ancient vertebrate life forms in the world and play an important role in our understanding of nature. Once Sabz and Zaitooni go they will never come back! To save Sabz and Zaitooni, more enclosures to protect their eggs have to be built and maintained. But we cannot manage alone. We need your help to ensure that Sabz and Zaitooni stay. So its up to you. Please join us in saying ........ SABZ AND ZAITOONI, PLEASE STAY ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ SABZ AND ZAITOONI CONSERVATION PROJECT Facts on the Marine Turtles of Pakistan Two species of marine turtles nest on Karachis beaches at Hawkesbay and Sandspit; the Green Turtle (Sabz Kachwa) and Olive Ridley (Zaitooni Ridley Kachwa). The Green Turtle (Sabz Kachwa): * Latin name: Chelonia Mydas * Adult shell length: 90-110 cms * Adult weight: 280-300 Ibs * Food: Seaweed * Nesting areas: Tropical & subtropical beaches around the world * Interesting Fact: They are the only vegetarian species among marine turtles. It takes 12 to 15 years before they reach adulthood and return to nest. They have the highest commercial value for food among all sea turtles. The Olive Ridley Turtle (Zaitooni Ridley Kachwa): * Latin Name: Lepidochelys Olivacea * Adult shell length: 70-75 cms * Adult weight: 100-150 Ibs * Food: molluscs * Nesting areas: Costa Rica, India, Mexico and Pakistan * Interesting Fact: The rarest and smallest among marine turtles. How do turtles make a nest and by their eggs? Coming ashore at night the female turtle digs a 3 feet deep hole with her powerful flippers. Once fixed in this depression she lays an average of 100 eggs. After laying the eggs she covers the hole with sand using both her front and rear flippers and then return to the sea. What happens after the eggs hatch? The eggs usually hatch after 40 to 60 days due to the heat from the sun and0 the chemical composition of the sand. Once they hatch they are attached to the brightest spot over the sea. If there are artificial lights the hatchlings are easily disoriented. They may then run inland and suffer exhaustion, desiccation, death by predators or accidents by vehicles on the road. Why do Turtles Cry? Turtles appear to shed tears when they come ashore to lay their eggs. In fact they are excreting excess salt from their bodies to maintain their physiological salt balance. Why are Turtles disappearing from our Shores ? All marine turtles species are in danger of extinction due to the following reasons: - Commercial trade for turtle skins shells medicines and cosmetics. - Destruction of the eggs by predators and poachers - Accidental capture of turtles in fishing nets. - Extensive shore-line development human disturbances and pollution. Why Protect our Turtles ? Turtles are known as the last of the worlds living dinosaurs. They first appeared on earth between 150 and 200 million years ago during the Triassic period. Their ancestors were land dwelling reptiles. Now if through negligence and greed we allow these magnificent animals to become extinct we will lose one of the most ancient vertebrate life forms in our world today. How can You Save our Turtles? You can help save our turtles by making a donation to the Sabz and Zaitooni Turtle Conservation Project. Payments can be sent in the following form to the address given below: cheque or credit card payment authorization (American Express or Visa) Address: The Sabz and Zaitooni Turtle Conservation Project c/o Dawn Group of Newspapers Haroon House Dr.Ziauddin Ahmed Road Karachi-74200, Pakistan Sabz and Zaitooni need your help to stay on our lovely Karachi beaches.

BUSINESS & ECONOMY

=================================================================== 951216 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 60pc of revenue to go in debt servicing, claims Sartaj ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 16: Former finance minister and PML secretary- general Sartaj Aziz warned that Pakistan is sitting on the debt bomb whose timer has already started ticking. He particularly referred to the provision of Rs 157 billion made in the current fiscal years budget for debt servicing which represents over 60 per cent of the anticipated revenue collection. Maintaining that the budget provision for debt servicing in 1995-96 includes only the cost of interest on domestic loans because the principal amount is rolled over every year, the finance minister in Nawaz Sharifs cabinet did not mince words in warning that from now onward, we will have to borrow money to finance a substantial part of even our defence expenditures, apart from all other development and non-development outlays. Mr Aziz said the domestic debt has been rising very sharply in the recent years and amounted to a whopping Rs 800 billion on July 1, 1995 as against Rs 602 billion on July 1, 1993. In addition, he said there was an outstanding foreign debt of 22 billion dollars on July 1, 1995. He explained that in 1995-96 the debt servicing together with the defence allocation of Rs 115 billion would amount to Rs 272 billion, against a total expected revenues of Rs 265 billion. Everything else, that is governments administrative expenditure Rs 40 billion and development expenditure of Rs 96.5 billion has to be financed from further borrowing. He expressed the apprehension that there being hardly any prospects of achieving the revenue target of Rs 265 billion this year, the actual borrowing will even be higher than that forecast in the budget. Mr Aziz said prospects for the next year looked even more ominous, and warned that even if the total revenues increase to Rs 270 billion, the projected debt servicing liability of Rs 185 billion will consume almost 70 per cent of projected revenues in 1996-97. The leftover would cover only 65 per cent of the expected defence budget. Mr Aziz said the issue of scrutinising the defence allocation in the budget had already been raised in parliament and various proposals were being considered for this purpose. Referring to the point raised by a reporter that all taxes, direct or indirect, be levied after a debate by the elected representatives of the people, the former finance minister said his party had already moved in parliament against the recent enforcement of a heavy tax package through an ordinance. He offered a three-point agenda to the government to extricate the country from the current impasse, namely reduction in non-development expenditure, giving impetus to economic activities and generating revenue. For this, he said the government would have to make a commitment to development and require many hard decisions that involved finding a solution of Karachi situation, restoring confidence in the businessmen to generate economic activities which in turn would create employment opportunities, yield revenue to public exchequer and stabilise prices. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Forex reserves plunge to $525m level ------------------------------------------------------------------- Parvaiz Ishfaq Rana KARACHI, Dec. 20: Foreign exchange reserves plunged to a two-year low level of $525 million (Rs 18.527 billion), showing a record single week fall of about $225 million (Rs 8 billion), figures released by the State Bank for the week-ended December 19, showed. The forex reserves at $525 million is very unfavourable when compared with some of the neighbouring countries including India and Bangladesh whose forex reserves are at $28 billion and $25 billion respectively. Awaiting perhaps the inflow of the first instalment of the IMFs grant of $200 million, due to be pumped into the system, officials are less worried about the near-alarming situation, a banker said. The current reserves are not enough to meet three weeks import bill until backed by recovery of outstanding export bills, and a spurt in remittances dose not materialise, financial experts said. The State Bank figures for the weekend December 19, 1995, put the official approved reserve figure at $525 million (Rs 18.527 billion) as compared to $722 million (Rs 26.289 billion) a week ago. But officials stick to their forex figure of $1.2 billion adding apparently invisible credit lines including gold reserves of $600 million. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Privatisation FIBB, Saudi group shortlisted for UBL ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ihtashamul Haque ISLAMABAD, Dec. 14: The Privatisation Commission shortlisted Faysal Islamic Bank of Bahrain and Saudi Basharahil Group for the purchase of 26 per cent shares of the United Bank Limited. The officials of the Commission have claimed that both the Middle Eastern groups have been shortlisted after a thorough and extensive exercise of evaluation of pre-qualification of documents. Sources in the Commission told Dawn that the privatisation process of 26 per cent shares of the UBL will be completed within next two to three weeks after a confidential agreement to be signed with a new management. A data room has been set up in Karachi to scrutinise the loan portfolio of the bank and examine the board of its directors. Then they will be asked to give their sealed bids along with the earnest money and a bid bond. These bids then will be opened in their presence and the highest bidder will be transferred these shares along with a management control, a source said. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951217 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Launching of Rs 10,000 bonds ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mohiuddin Aazim KARACHI, Dec. 16: The stage is set for the launching of the prize bonds of Rs 10,000 denomination amidst split hopes and fears of the market players succeeding a somewhat successful show of Rs 25,000 denomination bonds that generated an approximate saving of Rs 4.2 billion within 15 days of its launch. These encashable bonds will carry 26 prizes in alla first prize of Rs 10 million, five second prizes of Rs 1.0 million each and 20 other prizes of Rs 0.5 million each. The bonds being issued by the government will be sold by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), commercial banks and national saving centres. The first draw will be held on March 15. A survey of Boulton Market, the hub of illegal trading of prize bonds, revealed that the investors who trade prize bonds in the market through parchi system are watching the market situation before venturing into the illegal trade of the new bonds. Shopkeepers-based in Boulton Market told Dawn that big investors planned to offer the already launched prize bonds of Rs 25,000 denomination from 1st of February i.e. just fifteen days before the due date of the first draw. They said a similar trend was likely to be followed in the case of prize bonds of Rs 10,000 denomination whose first draw is due on March 15. Parchi system is a mechanism for unauthorised trade of prize bonds. The agents of big investors having lots of prize bonds allot the number of certain bonds to their clients either through parchi or a chit or photostat copies of the bonds worth a few rupees. If the bond wins a prize the prize amount is divided equally among the parchi holders. Some parchis sold for much higher prices offer a bond in full and in these cases a mutually agreed portion of the prize won on the bond is given to the parchi holder. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Poor response to Rs 10,000 bonds ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mohiuddin Aazim KARACHI, Dec. 17: The much-publicised prize bonds of Rs 10,000 denomination received a rather unimpressive response on their launching as only Rs 38.32 million worth of these bonds were sold throughout the day  making the show poorer than the launching of Rs 25,000 denomination bonds. These bonds had attracted an investment of Rs 278.5 million on the first day. The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) sold the Rs 10,000 bonds to commercial banks for onward selling as well as to household individuals and corporate entities and the Central Directorate of National Savings  the state-run bonds dealers  could not arrange the sale of these bonds for the reasons not made public. The bonds of Rs 10,000 denomination are encashable at any time and carry a first prize of Rs 10 million five second prizes of Rs 1.0 million each and 20 other prizes of Rs 0.5 million each. The first draw of the bonds will be held on March 15 after a shut period of two months and this will follow a quarterly draw with the same shut period. The government has issued these bonds as well as the Rs 25,000 denomination bonds to reduce its direct bank borrowings and mop up excess liquidity from the open market to cover deficit financing. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- First tranche of $200m by this month: Shahab ------------------------------------------------------------------- ISLAMABAD, Dec. 17: Minister of State for Finance Makhdoom, Shahabuddin said that the government would lend help and support, during rainy days to infuse confidence in the stock market, left to the market forces after deregulation. Short-term and long-term measures, he explained, were initiated to overcome the slump in the market contributed by different factors. He also said the foreign exchange reserves were drained out in the first four months due to the payment regarding debt servicing. He further said that first tranche worth $200 million from standby arrangement of $600 million approved by IMF was expected by the end of the current month. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- $350m WB loan for Barotha project ------------------------------------------------------------------- Shaheen Sehbai WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 : The World Bank announced a $350 million loan for the $2.25 billion Ghazi Barotha hydropower project, with a senior World Bank official describing it as a model. The loan has been given to Pakistan on standard Bank terms, with 20 years maturity, including a five- year grace period at the standard interest rate for LIBOR-based US dollar single currency loans, the announcement said. Japan will also contribute a loan of $350 million while the Asian Development Bank will pay $ 300 million, Germany $ 150 million, the European Investment Bank $ 60 million, the Islamic Development Bank $ 40 million. WAPDA will generate $153 million and a rupee component of Rs 847 million from its own resources. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- More mutual funds to ease liquidity crunch ------------------------------------------------------------------- M.Ziauddin ISLAMABAD, Dec. 18: Chairman Corporate Law Authority (CLA), Shamim Ahmad Khan has said that the establishment of more and more mutual funds would facilitate an accelerated flow of resources to stock markets and ensure as well that the investments of small savers are not put to unnecessary risks. Mr Khan said while he cannot predict as to how the market will shape up in the immediate future, he was, however, hopeful that with the establishment of more and more mutual funds, the so-called liquidity crunch would ease up. Mr Khan gave the impression that he for one would like the market to develop with no interference from the government and minimum possible regulations; but he said he was also conscious of the fact that the regulatory body (CLA) had an important role to play in minimising irregularities and to provide the needed infrastructure within which the markets should operate. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Goods exempted from 2% penal surcharge ------------------------------------------------------------------- Staff Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 19: The government has exempted the levy of 2 per cent penal surcharge on all those goods in the bonded warehouse which were over due for clearance but will now be cleared by December 31. About Rs 4 billion revenue is leviable on the goods now stocked in the bonded warehouses, the Chairman of the Group Mr Raees Ashraf Tar Mohammad said. These goods include items on which leviable revenue amounts to Rs 1 billion and are over due for clearance. He said that the goods were stuck in the bonded warehouses for a number of reasons and additional levy of 2 per cent penal surcharge would have proved proverbial last straw on the camel back. However, the Kiryana Merchants Group approached the government and made a convincing case before the authorities to obtain concessions of getting exemption from the two per cent penal surcharge. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Credit rating relaxation for leasing companies upset modarabas ------------------------------------------------------------------- Mohiuddin Aazim KARACHI, Dec. 20: The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) has exempted all leasing companies having less than three years of operation from the mandatory credit rating imposed on all Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in April last a move that has stirred jealousy among modarabas that still wait for similar relaxations. Rauf Kadri said the decision would hit the leasing modarabas hard as the SBP decision will provide the leasing companies an edge over them. No SBP official was available to explain as to why they chose the leasing sector to accord relaxations in mandatory credit rating and left the other segments of the NBFIs particularly modarabas apparently neglected. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Profit-selling dominates trading on stock market ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 14: Weekend profit-selling dominated the trading on the stock market as investors were more inclined to leave the market rather than buying at the dips. The Karachi Stock Exchange 100-share managed to retain in part some of the previous gains but fell on the day by 15.46 points at 1,407.68 as compared to Wednesdays 1,423.14, reflecting the weakness of the base shares. BOC Pakistan, which showed an all-time single session highest gain of Rs 315.75 overnight after the announcement of cash and stock dividend of well over 300 per cent, came in for selling at the inflated level and was marked down by Rs 200, with 700 shares changing hands. Minus signs dominated the scene under the lead of PSO, which shed another Rs 13 on renewed selling. It was followed by Lever Brother, which suffered decline ranging from Rs 10 to 35. Among the other MNCs, which fell sharply Pakistan Gum, Wellcome Pakistan and Glaxo Lab were leading, which fell by Rs 5 to 6.50. Among the local blue chips, which remained under pressure, D.K. Khan Cement, Javed Omer, Quality Steel, Apex Fabrics, Century Insurance, 4th ICP, Shafiq Textiles and Crescent Star Insurance were leading, which fell by Rs 2 to 5. Some of the leading shares managed to show good gains under the lead of National Fibre, Nestle Milkpak, Grays of Cambridge and Diamond Pakistan, which rose by Rs 2 to 4.50. Other good gainers were led by Essa Cement, Sui Southern and Sui Northern and some others. The most active list was topped by Hub-Power, steady 10 paisa on 9.280 million shares, slightly below a half of the total, followed by PTC vouchers, lower 20 paisa on 2.904 million shares, Dewan Salman, off Rs 1.10 on 688,500 shares, Faysal Bank, steady 15 paisa on 535,500 shares, ICI Pakistan, easy 50 paisa on 483,500 shares, Dhan Fibre, lower 10 paisa on 147,500 shares, Platinum Bank, lower 10 paisa on 123,000 shares and Honda Atlas Cars, off Rs 1.25 on 118,500 shares. Trading volume showed a modest rise at 21.816 million shares from the previous 21.404 million shares thanks to heavy buying in current favourites. There were 348 actives, out of which 190 shares fell, while 90 rose, with 68 holding on to the last levels. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Stocks stage smart rally as blue chips recover ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 17: Stocks staged a smart rally as blue chips recovered on a wide front aided by strong support extended by leading institutional traders. The Karachi Stock Exchange index of share prices showed a sustained rally of about 34 points at 1,441.10 as compared to 1,407.36 at the weekend. Other MNCs, which followed it were led by Brooke Bond, ICI Pakistan, Telecard, and some others, rising by Rs 2.70 to 5. Shell Pakistan responded favourably to news of a good payout and rose by Rs 7 and PSO followed it, which rose Rs 28.85 after being ex- dividend and ex-bonus at Rs 246.15. Well over 3,000 shares were traded at the lower level. Most of the other energy shares also rose, notable gainers among them being Kohinoor Genertek and Kohinoor Power, and Sui Southern. Other good gainers were led by Lease Pak, Ghemini Leasing, Bankers Equity, Faysal Bank, EFU, Adamjee Insurance, Crescent Textiles, Shezan International and Dewan Salman. Big losers were led by Crescent Star Insurance, Shafiq Textiles, Artistic Denim, Quice Foods, Diamond Industries, and Orient Straw Board, which suffered fall ranging from Rs 1.50 to 5 but selling was light. Hub-Power again topped the list of most actives, higher 95 paisa on 5.362 million shares followed by PTC vouchers, firm 85 paisa on 2.508 million shares, Dewan Salman, higher Rs.2.50 on 860,500 shares, ICI Pakistan, up Rs.2.70 on 412,500 shares, Maple Leaf Cement, steady 60 paisa on 220,000 shares and PICIC, unchanged on 162,000 shares. Trading volume shrank to 14.844 million shares from the weekends 21.816 million shares owing to the absence of leading sellers. There were 300 actives, out of which 120 shares rose, 115 fell, with 65 holding on to the last levels. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951219 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Fairly aggressive buying on some counters ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 18: Stocks extended the overnight rally as follow-up support figured prominently on the blue chips counters amid an actively traded session. The Karachi Stock Exchange index of share prices scored a fresh gain of 5.85 points at 1,449.02 as compared to 1,443.17 a day earlier, reflecting the strength of base shares. Most of the MNCs led the market advance under the lead of BOC Pakistan, which posted a fresh sharp gain of Rs 40 to quote at Rs 490 against the face value of Rs 10. The sustained rise was attributed to over 300 per cent dividend declared by it last week. Others to follow included Shell Pakistan after the announcement of 50 per cent right shares at a premium of Rs 80 each on a 10-rupee share, Pak-Suzuki Motors, Fauji Fertiliser, Pakistan Gum, Brooke Bond and Lever Brothers. Among the local blue chips and low-priced issues, which rose sharply Askari Leasing, Crescent Star Insurance, National Fibre, Haroon Oils, Karam Ceramics, United Distributors, Noon Sugar, and Sui Northern. Bulk of the activity was, however, confined to bank, synthetic, energy, cement, and chemical. Sugar shares were also traded higher. The most active list was led by Hub-Power, up 40 paisa on 9.086 million shares followed by PTC vouchers, easy 10 paisa on 3.510 million shares, ICI Pakistan, lower 30 paisa on 568,000 shares, Faysal Bank, up 50 paisa on 554,500 shares, Dewan Salman, higher 50 paisa on 525,000 shares, Nishat Mills, lower 50 paisa on 174,500 shares, and Pioneer Cement, off 75 paisa on 134,700 shares. There were some other notable deals also. Trading volume rose to about 18 million shares, from the overnights 16.417 million thanks to active activity in the current favourites. There were 305 actives, out of which 120 shares rose, 125 fell, with 60 holding on to the last levels. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Larger decline averted on stock market ------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce Reporter KARACHI, Dec. 19: Stocks remained in a bearish frame of mind as follow-up support was not that aggressive as it was during the last two sessions. The KSE 100-share index fell 8.21 points or 0.58 per cent at 1,441.02 as compared to 1,449.23 a day earlier, reflecting the relative weakness of the base shares. The all share index also fell 0.52 per cent or 4.17 points at 800.56 as against overnights 804.73. The list of losing shares was led by MNCs, notably Abbott Lab, Pakistan Gum, which rose Rs 8 overnight, Bata Pakistan, Shell Pakistan, Lever Brothers, Ghandhara and ICI Pakistan, which suffered decline ranging from one rupee to Rs 3.40, biggest fall being in the ICI Pakistan, which has been in active demand over the last few sessions. Local blue chips, which came in for active selling were led by Adamjee Insurance, New Jubilee Insurance, Sui Northern, Sui Southern, and some others falling by one rupee to Rs 2. Although minus signs dominated the list, some of the leading shares managed to finish with good gains, notably gainers among them being Bankers Equity, Bawany Sugar, Cherat Cement, Haroon Oils, Engro Chemicals, Nestle Milkpak and United Distributors, which rose by one rupee to Rs 2. Hub-Power again led the list of most actives, lower 45 paisa on 9.935 million shares, followed by PTC vouchers, unchanged on 4.975 million shares, ICI Pakistan, sharply down by Rs 3.40 on 940,600 shares, Dewan Salman, lower 75 paisa on 828,600 shares, Faysal Bank, up 40 paisa on 508,000 shares, Yusuf Weaving, higher 50 paisa on 206,000 shares, Balochistan Wheels, easy 10 paisa on 128,500 shares, and PIAC, off 15 paisa on 100,000 shares. There were some other notable deals also. Trading volume soared to 25.730 million shares from the previous 21.081 million shares owing to massive activity in the current favourites. There were 325 actives, out of which 155 shares suffered generally fractional decline and 93 rose, with 77 shares holding on to the last levels. DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts*DAWNFacts* DAWN FACTS Another first from the DAWN Group of Newspapers --- the people who brought you the first on-line newspaper from Pakistan --- comes DAWN Facts, a new and powerful Fax-on-Demand service, the first service of its kind in Pakistan, giving you access to a range of information and services. Covering all spheres of life, the service arms you with facts to guide you through the maze of life, corporate and private, in Pakistan. With information on the foreign exchange rates, stock market movements, the weather and a complete entertainment guide, DAWN Facts is your one- stop source of information. DAWN Facts is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week! 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EDITORIALS & FEATURES

=================================================================== 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Independence of the judiciary ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ardeshir Cowasjee HABIBUL WAHABUL KHAIRI, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Al- Jehad Trust (established to fight for the rights of man and against the oppressors of the masses), is considered by his detractors to be a busybody. But the fact is that he has the courage of his convictions, and stands up in our courts of law to fight for his beliefs, which brackets him above the majority of moribund 130 million of Pakistan. In 1994 advocate Khairi filed a petition in the Lahore High Court challenging the manner of the appointment of judges. The petition was dismissed. Leave to appeal was granted by the Supreme Court. The Additional Judges of the LHC who were not confirmed were transposed as co-petitioners. Chief Justice Sajjad Ali Shah constituted a full bench which he headed, comprising Justices Ajmal Mian, Fazal Elahi, Manzoor Hussain Sial and Mir Hazar Khan Khooso. Notices were sent to Attorney- General Qazi Jameel, the Advocates-General of Sindh, Punjab, NWFP and Balochistan, President of the Supreme Court Bar Association Advocate Akramn Shaikh, the presidents of the High Court Bar Associations of the four provinces, and to amicus curiae Sharifuddin Pirzada, S.M. Zafar and Fakhruddin G. Ebrahim. November 5, 1995: Islamabad First regular hearing. The AG pleaded that the appeal filed by Mujeeb Pirzada against the judgment of the SHC upholding the validity of the 8th Amendment may be heard along with these petitions. The Court observed that this appeal cannot be tied up with the present petitions which relate merely to the interpretation of the various articles of the Constitution concerning the superior judiciary. Had the Court ruled otherwise, Justice Ajmal Mian would have been excluded from the Bench, as he was the author of the judgment in the Mujeeb Pirzada case in SHC. The advocate-General of Sindh, supported by the other provincial AGs, sought an adjournment to enable them to file their replies. The court observed that this was an important matter and that no adjournment would be granted. The replies could be filed as the proceedings continued. The Court decided that the three amicii would argue last, the juniormost to begin. Petitioned Wahabul Khairi argued his own petition. November 6: Islamabad. It was reported that AG Jameel was ill and had been hospitalised that morning. The federation requested that the case be adjourned to a date in office, i.e. after several weeks because of the AGs reported illness. The Court agreed to an adjournment but fixed the next date of hearing for November 19. Reportedly, the AG left hospital that same evening. November 19: Islamabad. The Federation resubmitted its application for an adjournment on the ground that AG Jameel had been ordered to rest at home for 30 days. Petitioned Khairi objected, stating that AG Jameel was openly working in his office and had even been shown on PTV attending a function. Proceedings continued with Advocate Raja Akram being allowed to plead the cause of the unconfined judges. November 19-20: Hyderabad. During the night, the home of Chief Justice Sajjad Ali Shahs daughter (married to Superintending) Engineer Parvez Ali Shah) was surrounded by four police mobile vans carrying some 25 policemen. Three DSPs and two officers knocked on the door. A servant informed the officers that the family was away. One officer declared himself to be Inspector Muzammil Hussain of the anti-corruption department. No warrants or court orders were shown. The five officers , plus a squad of policemen, entered the house which they searched and ransacked. They found no incriminating evidence. This incident was reported in the Press and remains uncontradicted. Later in the morning, the office of Engineer Pervez Ali Shah was searched and sealed and a motor car log book was taken away. November 20: Peshawar. An active member of the Peoples Lawyers Forum (the lawyers wing of the PPP), Advocate Mohammad Arif Khan, whose name has just been entered on he Supreme Court rolls, filed a constitutional writ petition, under Article 199, in the High Court. His counsel is the unaffordable-by-him Barrister Jehanzeb Rahim. It is said in Peshawar that the petition is inspired. This writ challenges only the appointment of Justice Sajjad Ali Shah as Chief Justice of Pakistan, who is cited as the sole respondent. The writ prays that ..... the respondent be directed to show under what authority of law he claims to hold the office of the Chief Justice of Pakistan and in the event of the respondent failing to do so, this Honble court may be pleased to declare the holding of the said office by the respondent as unconstitutional, illegal and without lawful authority. November 20-22: Islamabad. As time as available, junior most amicus, Fakhruddin, gave the Supreme Court the benefit of his wisdom. The first day, he set forth with all guns blazing, attacking, all the previous governments, even criticising Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and the performance of the judiciary. On the second day, he was in a conciliatory mood, his criticisms vastly tempered, and by the third day he had done a complete U-turn. As remarked a listener in court, he went up like a rocket and fell like a twig. The Court adjourned to meet again on the 26th. November 25: Islamabad. Chief Justice Sajjad Alik Shah suffered a cardiac incident, serious enough to warrant the doctors admitting him to the ICU at PIMS. (He was discharged on the 28th, after which he went home to Karachi to rest.) November 26: Islamabad. The SC proceedings were adjourned. November 26: Peshawar. In the High Court, recently appointed Justice Qazi Hamiduddin and Zinat Khan hearing Arif's writ petition ordered: "... this court would prefer to dispense with the normal procedure of pre-admission notice to the respondent and calling for his documents and also pre-admission hearing and admit for full hearing the points raised in this writ petition.... This court would direct that this writ petition shall be placed before the Chief Justice of this Court for the constitution of a larger bench... Adjourned to a date in office." November 26: Karachi. Secretary to the Government of Sindh Mohammad Sharif signed and issued Notification No. S.O. (E-V)10-3/89: "With the approval of Competent Authority Mr Parvez Ali Shah, Superintending Engineer (B19), Education, Works Circle Hyderabad, is hereby placed under suspension with immediate effect and until further-orders." (The Competent Authority is the Chief Minister of Sindh, Syed Abdullah Shah, with an unblemished record, was suspended, unheard. November 27: Peshawar. Advocate Khairi filed an application in the High Court. He pleaded, inter alia, that 'well over a year and a half after the appointment of the Chief Justice of Pakistan the Peshawar High Court had admitted a petition challenging this appointment; that the filing of the petition is tantamount to sabotaging the Constitution and the judicial system; that the filing of such a petition indicates that the intentions of the petitioner must be held as highly questionable; that the Prime Minister and the President are responsible for ensuring that the High Courts of the country are responsible for ensuring that the High Courts of the country are headed by acting chief justices, a mala fide act of the worst order; that the Prime Minister and the President are trying to impede the hearing of his petition filed in the Supreme Court; that the petition filed in Peshawar is not maintainable and should be dismissed forthwith, failing which Khairi himself should be heard:' December 2: Islamabad. The proposed cause list of the SC was published for work during the week commencing December 10 on which date Khairi's petition was fixed as item No. 1. December 3: Islamabad. The AG sought an adjournment for the fourth time. AG Qazi Jameel submitted that he had been invited to attend a money-laundering symposium in Tokyo necessitating his departure from Pakistan on December 10. He stated he was likely to be away for 'not less than seven days', by which time the Court vacation would have commenced. Since, maintained the AG, his presence during the hearing of the Khairi case was essential, he asked for a further adjournment. This was granted and the case is now fixed for January 21. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951216 ------------------------------------------------------------------- All over the place : Make use of TV! ------------------------------------------------------------------- Omar Kureishi THE Prime Minister had some harsh words for the print media. Some felt that she had gone over the top. Others that the print media had it coming. Blunt she may have been, she was also candid. The electronic media, however, got off scot-free. There is a reason for this. The electronic media in this country is not strictly speaking an opinion-maker. Whenever there is a discussion or debate on the freedom of the press, it is automatically assumed that radio and television are exempted from scrutiny. Radio and television have been state-controlled from the beginning and though there have been some token movements to attempt a modicum of objectivity, these attempts have been of a non-serious kind. No one has been surprised that the attempts have failed or really cared. The electronic media is a part of the dowry that an incoming government receives. Governments are not whitewashed and oppositions blacked out so that an illusion of even-handedness is created. No one can accuse the BBC or CNN of being audio-visual press handouts. Yet the electronic media could have played a vital role in nation-building. Television is often accused of being a major contributory factor in spreading crime and violence, that it has a negative impact on the minds of viewers who see too much blood on the screens. My contention is that if television can have a negative impact, it can have a positive one as well. It can be used to educate viewers. It can be used to defuse political tension as well for it can bring out the grievances, real or imagined, into the open and these grievances can be aired and argued, for and against. It would have a cathartic effect. There is in Karachi, for instance, no seeming meeting ground between the antagonists, there is, instead a communication break-down. To hear the leaders talk, and the violence of language exceeds the violence on the streets, there are irreconcilable differences. The general public which includes people of every persuasion see themselves as victims caught in a cross-fire, in the catch-22 of no matter who wins, they lose because the general public is too preoccupied in making ends meet and they have real problems. No political agenda includes their welfare other than as a slogan. Why cant there be a dialogue between this general public and the politicians on television? A cross-section of the public could be interviewed and asked to give their views about the violence in Karachi, what they felt about it and how it could be curbed if not stopped. The views expressed should be genuine rather than stage- managed and should be put on the air unedited. Democracy is about participation and the politicians, on both sides, may be quite surprised to learn of the publics assessment. The problem with our kind of democracy is that the politicians have never really consulted their constituents, never sat down with them and asked them for their list of priorities. What marvellous television it would make if such meetings were put on the air, live, spontaneous. It would also allow the public see the mettle of their representatives, whether they can provide coherent and credible answers to the many questions that would be put to them. The government has much to answer for, so too has the opposition. Such open discussions would have a salutary effect on our representatives. It might even be able to tell them how out of touch they are with the real needs of the people. I cannot see it happening but that does not mean that it should not happen. We have concentrated too much on a dialogue between political parties. These have proved to be meaningless. They have ended up as point scoring contests. I am all for talk, for dialogue but the end- objective must be the peoples well-being. There is so much loose talk about the system as if the system is a mechanism that has a will of its own and is not dependant on the quality of people who make it work. But most of all a system must be allowed to work. One cannot derail it and then complain that the system does not work. There is also a great deal of talk about accountability but we tend to consider accountability in the narrowest of contexts, mainly financial impropriety. There is also such a thing as accountability of performance. That is why I have been an advocate of televising the proceedings of the National Assembly and the Senate, live and unedited. That will achieve a measure of accountability of the elected representatives and it is very important that they be made answerable. Television will reveal their merit. The idea should be to strengthen democracy and this can be done if the people are able to participate. They are, after all, not by standards or should not be in a democracy. The print media is a little like the radio commentary. On television one picture is worth a thousand words and no matter how you manipulate it, the television picture is revealing and tell more than many people imagine. Bring television into play constructively and boldly. It will fortify democracy, not weaken it. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bank privatisation out of tune with new trend ------------------------------------------------------------------- Jafar Wafa SHOULD the government privatise even the two fairly patronised Banks  Habib and United  and not merge them to create a Pakistani behemoth for international trade and commerce? This would mean falling in line with forward-looking countries. And it can be done concurrently with purging both these institutions of those managerial elements which are responsible for their present unhappy financial condition. Let us give this subject a serious thought on the eve of their sell-off to the approved bidder, not necessarily the highest, as has been the tradition in our Islamic Republic. When we look around, we see that Japan, which is the second largest economy in the world, is creating a super bank with $810 billion of assets by merging the foreign-focused Bank of Tokyo with Mitsubishi Bank which has the largest domestic network in the country. They say that it would be a leviathan as compared to USs Citibank. Even in capitalist Europe, state-run large banks are not being privatised. Despite being in financing straits, the French state-owned bank, Credit Lyonnais, is not being sold off, although it is presently in hot waters because of its careless (not unscrupulous or corrupt) lending policy and a few thoughtless investments like acquisition of Hollywoods largest movie makers, the MGM. On the contrary, the French government is providing it the needed financial prop, at a time when the government itself is not sitting on any kind of financial boom. The object is that the Bank, somehow, keeps its nose above water and tides over the setback. Even the USA, as has been recently reported by our Press, is going to establish an international Bank for trading specifically with the Middle East and the oil-rich Gulf, where the Arabs are already beholden to anything bearing the American stamp. Coming closer home, we find that India is also encouraging off-shore investment by Indian corporate sector through the banking channel, easing some of the restrictions on Indian investments in foreign lands. The Reserve bank of India notified on November 27 that the total investment should be repatriated through normal banking channel by way of dividends or royalty within five years. Enslaved to US Our economic wizards are content with complying with what the US  dominated financial institutions dictate, instead of looking for a change to draw inspiration, towards Japan or the grown-up tigers or to China which are now concentrating on building up big banks and giving them all they need to enjoy the reputation of financial soundness, efficient management and honest dealings. Though commonplace, banks are not only money-centres merely to accept deposits and advance loans for various purposes they are meant to promote capital-markets activity for industrial development, according to governments priorities, and international commerce, again in keeping with governmental guidelines. Our economy and national culture have yet to take such a shape as to allow a free hand to all those who have hot money in their private coffers or who can raise the required capital by bribing bank managers. This aspect will further reinforce the argument against palming off the nationalised banks to those who can afford to buy them. There is no gainsaying that our public sector banks, including HBL & UBL, suffer from the national malaise of sloth, greed and ineptitude. Foreign banks, however, manned mostly by Pakistanis operating on our own soil, are models of financial perfection and enviable customer relationship. The remedy, therefore, lies not in privatising the banks but in insulating them from the currents and cross-currents of politics and protecting them from those individuals or groups who have the required political clout to borrow without the necessary collateral and evade repayment if and when the bank management cares to remind them. The much - needed organisational overhauling, inducting banking specialists (from abroad, if necessary) and weeding out political nominees whose personal interests and those of their patrons overshadow the interest of the bank, are the obvious remedial steps. Why not follow the golden rule of Americas big business: Link pay with performance? Why follow only the American example of making over the entire country to private entrepreneurs? Public sector ownership is not to be blamed. Critics have, in fact, seriously suggested, from time to time, that the Federal Secretariat itself is the most deserving candidate for privatisation, if only the recipe known for improvement is privatisation. Iran has not gone in for privatisation and yet its public sector industries are producing indigenously-built (not assembled) automobiles, tanks and other weapons of war. And why not look at our own Kahuta? Why not run other public sector enterprises along than lines, at a safe distance from political meddling. Perhaps privatisation is perceived by the Third World leaders, including Carlos Salinas, the now-exiled President of Mexico, to be the best means of self-enrichment. It has now been exposed by a prestigious American business journal in March this year, that Salinas latched on to the idea of economic modernisation merely to allegedly enrich himself and his cronies through the lucrative sell-off of more than 1,000 state run-companies during his six-year rule ending 1994 when he had to be flown outside his country to save his skin. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Interests of Pakistan & IMF clash ------------------------------------------------------------------- Hasan Askree RELATIONS between Pakistan and the IMF have changed in the last few months  from being extremely co-operative to distinctly strained. In January 1995, Pakistan and the IMF signed a contract under which the IMF will provide technical assistance to the State Bank and the Corporate Law Authority by closely monitoring the departments, during the years 1996-98. The IMF was willing to cooperate on a number of different fronts, by developing a close working relation. But, then came the federal budget for the year 1995-96 which marked the turning point of Pakistan-IMF relations. Actually, the turning point was prior to the budget. The budget merely served as a trigger for the IMF to express their disapproval, as is explained later. In Pakistan, a slowing down of reforms was called for. The earlier reforms have come in swiftly and haphazardly. Stock markets in Pakistan are among the most open in the developing world. Foreign investment and ownership has the least restrictions. Large scale privatisation has occurred at a time when buyers are hard to find. Import duties have been slashed dramatically. Private and foreign banks have come in and the process of credit and financing is undergoing a revolution. Now, the entrepreneurs must be given time to assimilate the impact of the reforms. Effects of reforms Many entrepreneurs still do not have a clue as to how the reforms are affecting the feasibility of their businesses. If fast pace of reforms is continued, otherwise viable businesses will be forced to close down when they could be capitalising on the reforms. Besides, there are other reasons for slowing down the pace of reforms. Some of them are: increased, persistent and inexplicable inflation; closure of businesses and industry; ineffective tax collection machinery leading to reforms like introduction of VAT; primitive banking system which fails to identify businesses with better prospects; disincentive in saving which limits the capital for investment; a decade of no harsh reforms prior to introducing free- market reforms; reduced confidence of the business community in governing regulations; lack of will to take initiatives because of lawlessness and insecurity; lack of professionalism in the businesses. In this scenario, the IMF cannot claim that bringing the budget deficit from 5.6 to 4.0 and the tariff rates from 70 per cent to 45 per cent in one year is in the best interest of the Pakistan economy. The bottom line is that given the economys outlook, there are genuine and undeniable reasons for reducing the pace of free-market reforms. Pakistan and the IMF are expected to share the same goal; the best interest of the Pakistan economy. Yes, both the Pakistan government and the IMF have an interest in a healthy Pakistan economy, but for different reasons. The IMF has an interest in he Pakistan economy, as long as it shows prospects of a sustainable growth. This is for two reasons. First, a lender has to ensure that the borrower does not default. Second, since the IMF attaches explicit conditions for granting loans, bad performance of the economy reflects poorly on the IMFs conditionalities. Experts constantly debate the objectives of the IMF. In the midst of all the criticism, the IMFs survival is threatened if it supports economies that are heading for a plunge. In Pakistans case, the IMF is extra cautious. Pakistan has taken many drastic and unpopular steps on the IMFs suggestion. The present government has increased tax and utility rates, kept interest rates high, relaxed price controls, reduced import duties, cut down development expenditure, attempted to check tax evasion, etc. The IMF has always claimed that such difficult steps are necessary to cure an ailing economy. Pakistan has complied with most of the IMFs requirements like few countries have ever done before. Now, if the IMF continues to support Pakistan, at stake will be the credibility of the IMFs prescription. The faltering of Pakistans economy will reflect on the wisdom in the IMFs reforms  their inadequacy to address the peculiarities of each economy. Pakistan is likely to face immense problems in liberalising and revitalising its economy. There are always hurdles to prosperity, but in Pakistans case the hurdles are not trivial; such as conflict with India, influence of Arab extremism, crude political system, illiteracy, ethnicity, sectarianism, population explosion, culture of lawlessness, ineptitude of intelligentsia and leaders, distorted economy, financial crunch, Pakistans insistence on denying reality and limitations. Chances are slim that Pakistan will be listed among the Asian tigers. The IMF has realised this unfortunate reality. Now, it does not want to be seen as prescribing reforms to an economy that may not rebounce. The reasons for the changed attitude of the IMF go beyond the reduced pace of free-market reforms adopted by the government. It has to do with the outlook of the economy despite all the dictation taken by the government from the IMF. The IMFs cold shoulder has not come as a surprise, when the international rating of the economy is sliding; sanctions on export of cotton have been imposed as dumping charges; business capital of the country is stricken with indiscriminate killings and strikes; and the economy shows signs of faltering. The IMF wants to disassociate itself from the difficulties faced by Pakistan in the way of reviving the economy, and for valid reasons. The IMF has, therefore, refused to grant a one-year moratorium for the implementation of conditionalities attached to the extended structural adjustment facility (ESAF) programme. As long as the Pakistans economy shows signs of decline, the IMF can be expected to be harsh, and when the economy is improving, it will be eager to help. This is not to say that the IMF is serving an ignoble cause. Not at all. The IMF has limited resources for granting loans. It has to pick the economies that show the best prospects of recovery with its help of soft loans. The IMF has to ensure that its resources are put to best use by deriving the maximum benefit. The IMF is funded for reviving those economies which can a) rebounce with relatively little help, and b) all the necessary steps are being taken in the economy to ensure success. This new scenario of not having the IMFs support has multi- dimensional consequences for which Pakistan must prepare itself. So far, the governments economic policy has been dictated by the IMF. Now, it will have to accept the fact that the IMFs prescriptions may fall short of reviving the economy. The optimum economic policy can only evolve by taking into account the many peculiarities of Pakistans economy  something that the IMFs prescription fails to address. A comprehensive economic strategy must come from within Pakistan. After losing the support of the IMF, an expansion of the governments economic policy-making team is called for. Some entrepreneurs, managers, and consultants who have gone through the rut of working in the private sector must be made part of the decision-making team. The government must not hesitate in hiring from the private sector. These people understand the needs of politics in the decision-making process just as well as the bureaucrats do. Besides, they will bring experience and insight which bureaucrats, children of rich businessmen, and foreign qualified and experienced economists lack. Lastly, the government must remember that unavailability of suitable candidates is never an excuse for inadequate staffing. Whenever a manager does not have a suitable worker in mind, he advertises. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign exchange reserves: a critique ------------------------------------------------------------------- S. Hasan Azad THE FOREIGN exchange reserve level has been in the limelight these days. The position of such reserves in Pakistan has political overtones, because it determines the economic viability of the government to meet import liabilities and therefore the capability to deal with foreign governments and international financial institutions. The higher the reserves, the greater is the economic viability. An attempt is made here to peep into intricacies of such reserves. Foreign exchange reserves are composed of gold, liquid foreign exchange, and investment in foreign securities. But foreign exchange reserves normally refer to liquid reserves only. The reserves are held by the State Bank like deposit in which export earnings are credited and import liabilities debited. When the level of export earnings is higher than that of import liabilities during a given period of time, the reserves would rise and vice versa. There is always a time lag between shipment of goods to foreign countries and actual foreign exchange receipts. There are two ways - one is sight against letter of credit and the other is usual. Under sight, time is short say 15 days whereas under usuals the exporter allows maximum time of 120 days. Our exporters normally send consignments against contract and as such payments are received several days after the shipment. Sometimes, lower or no payments are received if the consigned goods are of not upto the standard, under such circumstances, receipts normally fall short of shipment of goods. In the case of imports also, there are usual and sight procedures like export. Payments are usually made before arrival of goods at the port. Normally it is 15 days from the date the goods are shipped. In other words, Pakistan is in a disadvantageous position with respect to both imports as well as exports. In imports, payments are made before the goods arrive at our ports whereas in exports, payments are received after the shipment. That is why the import and export figures of the Federal Bureau of Statistics and those of State Bank always differ. The former treats export or import when goods are cleared by Customs and the latter treats export or import only when receipts or payments are made. Export as per State Bank classification is invariably less than that of the Bureau, while this is not so for import. In other words, the level of foreign exchange reserves has to be treated with extraordinary caution as there is a lot of amount hanging in balance which must be carefully analysed for suitable policy prescription and could have avoided undue rumours and the lack of confidence as witnessed last month. At the time of budget presentation the foreign exchange reserves were at $ 2,500 million whereas at end June it was $ 2,737 million besides 2 million tory ounces of gold worth $ 793 million according to State Bank. By the end of October, reserves plummeted to $ 1,200 million, reflecting a depletion of $ 1,537 million over the first four months of the current fiscal year resulting from huge trade deficit following rise in imports and fall in exports which triggered the government to devalue the currency. By November 21, the level hit the lowest of $ 1,095 million, only sufficient for five weeks imports. Mr V.A. Jafarey, Adviser to the Prime Minister has said that foreign exchange reserves would be $ 1.5 billion by the end of June next. Prime Minister and others have time and again debunked the rumour of freezing of foreign currency accounts estimated at $ 6.5 billion out of which some withdrawal has taken place. It has been argued that Pakistan is bound to refrain from freezing foreign currency accounts in accordance with Article VIII of the I M F treaty. It should be noted here that under stand-by arrangement of $ 600 million from I M F the first trance of $ 200 million will be available during this month which will buttress the reserves position. Against the above backdrop, it is necessary to correctly assess the level of foreign exchange reserves which is usually lower by a certain margin because receivables are not included in the reserves. If receivables of $ 1,731 million, as noted above, are included, the reserves picture will drastically improve. On account of risk of non- realisation, it may be pertinent to treat certain portion of the amount as reserves. The problem of treating receivables as reserves is likely to compound accounting problem for the State Bank and, as a result, these are not treated as reserves. The foreign exchange reserves position is normally shrouded in mystery and ambiguity because of its sensitivity. Sometimes foreign currency accounts are used in foreign exchange payments. It has also been observed that the cheques on these accounts are not realised as the foreign currencies are not available with the banks. That is the reason why rumour of freezing of such accounts was rebutted several times by government functionaries. With the deregulation in the area of foreign exchange, there is a need for more vigilant monitoring and correct assessment of reserves in order to pre-empt the panic or speculation that prevailed recently. The State Bank, in cooperation with the Ministry of Finance, needs to formulate an unambiguous strategy with regard to the assessment of true position of foreign exchange reserves particularly in a deregulated framework so that appropriate policies with regard to trade, tariff, and exchange rate of rupee can be adopted in the larger interest of the economy. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Creative uncertainty ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ayaz Amir VIRTUALLY no pen-pusher in the land (and this includes myself) who entertains some notion of being a teacher of the public has been able to resist the urge to pronounce upon the delay in the naming of the next chief of the army staff. Has the republics solemn-looking president and its prime minister asked the incumbent, General Waheed, to continue giving the benefit of his leadership to the army for another year? Or, displaying a heroism and forbearance that hitherto have not been the leading characteristics of our top office-holders, is he adamant on spurning it? In either case why the suspense because, after all, General Waheeds term as generalissimo of speculation work busily and noisily at all times in this country. I think I can say as well as the next man that decision, especially regarding important matters, should be timely. Delay breeds uncertainty. It also affects organisational morale. But having conceded this, try as I might I still find the fuss being generated over this issue slightly baffling. As a nation our leading quality is not to do today what we can put off till tomorrow. Far from settling questions of basic national importance  questions that should have been settled decades ago  we have made a virtue of comprehensively ignoring them. What dire consequences are likely to flow if, for whatever reason, presidential feet are seen to be dragging on the question of the expected change in the army command? No doubt, until this question is settled, anxiety will sit heavily on the hearts of those military men who are in the run for the top slot. As an added consequence some uncertainty is bound to prevail in GHQ. Such uncertainty is unhealthy. But the extent of this uncertainty pales before the uncertainty with which this country has had to live throughout its history. Is anyone in a position to say where Pakistan is headed or what kind of a future its citizens are likely to have in the next century? Can anyone say with certainty whether the government we have will complete its term or whether the edifice of incompetence and corruption it has so painstakingly raised will not come crashing down on its head? Will the economy recover or will it continue to be at the mercy of mountebanks? How many more charlatans must the nation experience before it achieves stability and a modicum of honest leadership? If the nation can live with doubts regarding all these questions, it can survive the uncertainty that exists over General Waheeds tenure or the name of his likely successor. Or to look at the matter from a slightly different angle. Suppose that three months ago the government, summoning up all its reserves of decisiveness, had announced the name of the new army chief. In that case the uncertainty gripping the political and bureaucratic establishment (but scarcely the people because they have other things to worry about) would have been pre-empted. A few generals would be preparing their bags to go home while others would have been polishing their spurs to take their places. It goes without saying that we need to establish healthy precedents all round, not only as regards the appointment of services chiefs but in all other spheres of national activity. We need honest judges to deliver justice, competent and honest administrators to stem the rot of the administrative system, financial managers who can better understand the secrets of economic life than the present sorry lot, the consequences of whose actions the nation has to suffer. The position of army chief is a powerful one in Pakistan. Not so much, as the naive may think, for the making of wars as for the toppling of governments. So what is all the fuss about? Whether the present army chief gets an extension, or an announcement of his replacement is made now or in January, Pakistan will still remain the badly governed place that it is now. The economic situation will remain as grim and Karachi will continue to be a place of strife. It is strange that the process has culminated in the ineptitude currently on display in the form of the Benazirs government is scarcely the fault of the Fates who order such things. If we are destined to have our affairs mismanaged in this way no outside force can come to our deliverance. None of this exegesis is meant to minimise the importance of healthy precedents or the taking of timely decisions. We badly need some discipline in our national life but since this is proving so hard an objective to achieve and since we as a nation are already reconciled to living from day to day, any delay in settling the question of General Waheeds succession, of epochal significance though it may be in so many respects, we will still be able to take in our stride. As a philosopher might say in similar circumstances, this too shall pass. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- A welcome decision ------------------------------------------------------------------- Editorial Column IN established democracies the appointment or retirement of army chiefs does not usually generate any earth-shaking controversy. The transition is smooth and accepted as a matter of course like that relating to any other bureaucratic office. In Pakistan, however, because of the fragility of our democratic institutions and the long spells of military rule which the country has had to suffer in the past, the appointment of the army chief is taken to be a matter of extreme moment. Thus it was hardly in the naming of a successor to General Abdul Waheed which set off a spate of speculation in the country. This has now come to an end with the naming of General Jehangir Karamat as the next chief of the army staff. A number of healthy precedents have been set in the process. General Waheed will be stepping down from his office in time without accepting the extension that reportedly was offered to him by the government, something for which he deserves the nations thanks. Even during his tenure he scrupulously refrained from interfering in politics of breathing down the necks of politicians in power, a practice to which many of his predecessors in this office had been partial. He will be now going home in dignity and with his reputation enhanced. This example is no small mercy for a country dogged by a legacy of military ambition and unholy interventionism. For its part, general Karamats elevation is all the more welcome not only because he was the senior- most officer after General Waheed but also because he enjoys a reputation for professional competence and personal integrity. His job, however, is cut out for him: to concentrate on leading the army and improving its professionalism while leaving the business of politics to the politicians. It is one of the hazards of the army chiefs office in this country are soon inundated with unsolicited and gratuitous advice about how to save the country. There has been no shortage of previous army commanders who have succumbed to the temptation of these siren calls which are sounded most often by retired bureaucrats and disgruntled politicians at the slightest sign of some tensions or conflict in political life. Hopefully, the incoming army chief will give such poisonous advice, if and when it is poured into his ears, the short shrift that it deserves. It is also perhaps time to put an end to this troika business which has the Press and the political establishment so much in its thrall. The running of the country and the taking of major decisions is the province of the nations elected leaders while the army has its own sphere to look after. The intermingling of these roles is a major factor, albeit the only one, which has bred confusion in our national affairs and led to political instability. At the same time, however, it must be stated unequivocally that for democracy to take root, and for the military to remain confined to its rightful role, the countrys politicians would have to take a long and hard look at their own performance. They cannot make politics a byword for the pursuit of self-interest and yet expect the democratic tradition to flourish. For let us not forget that the best safeguard against praetorianism lies not in constitutional guarantees (since we know of what worth these have been in the past) but in competent and honest elective leadership. Be that as it may, now that General Waheed has set an example by rejecting the reported extension offers made to him, let us hope that this becomes a precedent never to be violated, with army chiefs completing their tenures and stepping down and their replacements being announced at the proper time without the avoidable delay that regrettably took place in the present case. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951220 ------------------------------------------------------------------- The special licence ------------------------------------------------------------------- Hafizur Rahman FROM Germany came the news some time ago that the foreign minister of that country was fined for parking his car in the wrong place, and he paid the fine. Obviously the people of Germany  or of any other European country for that matter  do not know how to pay proper respect to their government leaders, despite claims of having advanced so much in the field of public service and practice of democracy. It is one thing to raise the level to which the ordinary people must be honoured in a democracy and quite another to drag leaders down to the plebeian level. This is something we dont do in Pakistan in spite of our backwardness in so many ways. But then, we do neither of the two. We neither promote the people nor do we demote the leaders, howsoever dismal their record may be in respect of character and performance. We believe in the status quo. One thing is certain. Had the German foreign minister been a citizen of Pakistan and its foreign minister, he would have been an honoured citizen, a VIP, and wouldnt have had to submit to the indignity of a traffic challan. Had he chosen to park his car in the middle of Islamabads Constitution Avenue or Karachis Bunder Road, and blocked the traffic, the police would have smiled indulgently and invited him to do it again the next day. Come to think of it, I guess it would not be possible for the German FM to park his car anywhere in any city in this country. For the simple reason that his chauffeur would not permit him to do so. VVIPs and VIPs dont drive their cars in Pakistan. In fact, even an IP, the lowest category in the hierarchy (comprising mostly middle-of-order bureaucrats) would rather be seen dead than driving his car himself. The other day, one of them confessed to me that he didnt know Lahore roads at all, although he had lived and worked in that city for many years. Because when his chauffeur was at the wheel he himself was either looking at the newspaper or reading his own noting on an important file. On a visit to Sweden, Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto gave a return banquet for the late (and the great) Olaf Palme. He had to stand in the porch of the Pakistan embassy for quite a while for the Swedish PMs car to arrive. Suddenly Mr Palme walked up to the porch, his greatcoat on his shoulder, and apologised for the delay. He said he had gone to park his car in the parking lot. But that is not our way. The way we honour and glorify our government leaders (ministers, elected representatives, senior officers) is probably unmatched anywhere else in the world. It would be difficult to find another country, barring a few in Africa, which does it better. This is by way of the perks and privileges that a grateful nation showers on them for condescending to take part in public life. Actually the nation can never repay them enough for finding time from their nefarious  sorry, multifarious pre-occupations to spare a few moments for the countrys welfare at the cost of their personal interest and comfort. What we do is to issue these leaders a Special Licence which makes them immune from any state exaction or responsibility. During their tenure in office they may not only park their cars wherever they like, they are at liberty not to pay bills and taxes, obtain bank loans without surety, drive about under police escort, never be punctual at public functions, enjoy every entertainment free of charge, delay railway trains and call back PIA flights after take-off. They can bring in any number of contraband goods from abroad, spend as much money from public funds as they want to, ride in three cars at one time, and do a host of other things which they couldnt do without this Special Licence. They can even get a second wife without fulfilling the legal provision of securing the first ones permission. And many of them do. Some of the VIPs and even IPs think that the Licence is a sort of insurance policy which also covers death by accident  death of others of course, not their own. And they are right. If a man gets killed by their car, the fellow is usually challaned for jay-walking. But then, in their public spirit, the VIPs are usually generous enough to let him off, being dead in any case. This cover-all Licence can be availed of by all blood relations and relations by marriage of the (Very) Important Person. No description of the VIP of Pakistan will be complete without a mention of Mrs VIP, or rather Begum VIP. She is invariably more important than the burra sahib, her husband. People working in his office are more afraid of her than of the boss, and she makes greater demands on their time and attention (and sometimes their money too) than he does. The boss may forgive a fault or a lapse, but the Begum? Never. The wives of most government leaders are brought up to believe that they are as much ministers and senior officers as their husbands. They make this quite plain to the personal staff where privileges and other facilities are concerned, since all these must accrue to them as a matter of right. After all, isnt it said that the Special Licence is also meant for the near and dear ones? On their part, official leaders think of themselves as the governments sons-in-law, as we say in Punjabi about people who tend to appropriate authority. Elected or appointed by the people as servants of the public, they treat the people like domestic servants and become indignant at the slightest neglect or an imagined insult. Witness, for example, the spate of privilege motions in the legislative assemblies. One feels sorry for the poor chaps whose sense of self-importance is hurt so easily. The only time they work really hard is when they are fighting for their perks and privileges. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Grist for the mill ------------------------------------------------------------------- Rifaat Hamid Ghani MUMTAZ BHUTTO and Benazir Bhutto met and the rumour-mills havent stopped grinding. Why is it that rumours are such serious business here? If we realise that speculation is not just the pursuit of idle minds but also the occupation of rather thoughtful ones, it may help us understand the power and scope of rumour in our context. Speculation is our way of groping for the truth  an attempt to understand things, given the lack of openness that persists in our political behaviour. Politicians remain over-reliant on behind-the-scenes manoeuvre and intrigue  and rumours are a natural corollary to speculating about the outcome. To return to the rumour in hand: Does the prime minister want a new CM for Sindh, and would uncle Mumtaz be her candidate? Or does she just want to keep the uncle away from her brothers side till the by- election at Sanghar is over? It seems unlikely that the PM would turn to Mumtaz Bhutto as CM, given the fact that she likes to keep all practising chief executives in her pocket. Mumtaz Bhutto is not really the pocket variety bloom, for all that his impact is presently no more than peripheral. But perhaps the PM has had the wit to realise that an able administrator with a convincing presence would be in order. Mumtaz Bhutto, the talented cousin that the greatest Bhutto of them all said he wouldnt do without and used as governor and chief minister, is no bumbling bidable novice. He would signal change in that the elements of his own personality and judgment, not just Benazirs Antschauung, would become an operative part of the political picture here. But he has a history of his own, and is well remembered for his unfriendly attitude towards Mohajirs. Aggressively Sindhi ethnicity is the warp and woof of his politics. The feudal in him could take over where the general in Babar leaves off and yet, he has recently been on terms as our quaint but highly expressive brand of usage has it, with Altafs men. Though most attributed the overtures to a desire to make things still more difficult for his more than talented niece. Official policy in Sindh has been generally criticised for a long time, but the PM has been obdurate about pursuing it. Perhaps she really believes it is eliminating terrorists and she is doing everyone a good turn. Having a new CM then who was just a new bottle for the same wine would not mean much. If, by some happy circumstance, she is really wanting a new initiative of her own choosing to be put in motion, she does not need anyone as independent as Mumtaz Bhutto is liable to be. If he were to help us out of the quagmire, he might become too much of a hero. And why should she upset her party by turning to someone outside the fold? And why be unkind to Abdullah Shah? This has been such a bloody year for Karachi. And it draws to an end without much sign that the bloodiness too will be over. Rumour-mongering and speculation are not healthy signs. But there might be still more cause for alarm were rumours to stop because speculation had given way to a realisation that the administration has exhausted its options and has nothing left to pull out of its bag of tricks ... We could be closer than we suspect to that stage of dull, dangerous despair. N.B I stand rather interestingly corrected  the PM was already able to sign chits at the Sindh Club as its sole female member, in her very own right. The committee rapidly conferred honorary status after she dropped in as PM with her old school friends and signed a chit, forgetting she was now Mrs Zardari, not Miss Bhutto. Perhaps everyone remembered she was PM?

SPORTS

=================================================================== 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Ban lifted from Qasim Umer ------------------------------------------------------------------- Samiul Hasan KARACHI, Dec. 20: The seven-year ban imposed on former Test batsman Qasim Umer in 1985 has been lifted by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), well informed sources said. The decision was taken by the four-member Disciplinary Committee which met under the Chairmanship of Nasimul Ghani. The Disciplinary Committee, which also comprise Nusrat Azeem, Ejaz Yousuf and Amir Hayat Rokhri, has recommended to the PCB to allow Umer to resume cricket with immediate effect. It has also advised the board that Umer could be employed by any department if they wanted his services as he would be getting a clearance letter with regard to this decision. Qasim Umer, the Kenya-born right-handed dashing batsman, was banned by the board led by Lt Gen Safdar Butt after he alleged that leading Pakistan cricketers, including Imran Khan, were smuggling drugs in their cricket gears. He had made these remarks in an interview to the government-run agency after the team returned from the tour of Australia. Similar charges were levelled against Imran Khan by Younis Ahmad after the team returned from the historic tour of India where it won the Bangalore Test. However, no disciplinary action was taken against the left-hander. Umer, who was then 28, not only lost cricket at the prime of his career, he was also sacked on disciplinary grounds by his organisation, Muslim Commercial Bank (MCB) which, according to the batsman, have not cleared his dues yet. Sources, speaking on condition of anonymity, stated that although the ban had to expire in 1992, the then Secretary of the BCCP, Shahid Rafi, did not lift it. The reason for this is best known to Mr Rafi. The sources admitted that Qasim Umer appealed to the cricket board on not lesser than half a dozen occasions through letters but all his applications were put in a pending file. Qasim Umer also appealed twice to the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) which forwarded his request to the Disciplinary Committee to action. Though the ban has been lifted now, it would be anybodys guess whether Qasim Umer would ever return to the arena at the age of 38. However, the only benefit from the lifting of the ban will be that he will return to Pakistan, settle here and may find a honourable job for his livelihood. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951215 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bowlers demolish N.Z in Pakistans 1-day win ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmed DUNEDIN, Dec.15: Despite a low score to defend, Pakistan pacemen Waqar Younis and Wasim Akram bowled admirably to inflict a severe blow to New Zealand in the first of the three one-day internationals at Carisbrook. The two picked up six wickets between them to bowl New Zealand for 169 after they were set a challenging 190 to win in 50 overs. Pakistans 20-run victory was achieved with two balls still remaining of the 48th over. New Zealand had lost their five wickets for only 50 runs scored and the next three wickets with 64 more runs added. With only two wickets remaining and only 114 runs on the board, the game was as good as over. But ninth wicket partnership of 50 runs between Roger Twose and Cavin Larsen changed all that. The score started to mount and in the last four overs 26 more runs were required for New Zealand to win. Larsen and Twose, who made 59, were well on course to stage an upset but Wasim Akram dismissed them both to clinch a win from the jaws of a possible defeat. Waqar Younis in an inspired spell dented the middle order by taking three wickets in quick succession and saw Wasim Akram Mushtaq Ahmed and Aqib Javed take it up from where he had left. it was a thoroughly professional performance by the Pakistan bowlers who were regrettably let down by their batsmen. After having won the toss and batted on a slow wicket and of low bounce Pakistan were restricted to 189 runs with Ramiz Raja, the top scorer with 35. Nothing to be proud of but the bowlers stuck to their task superbly and were well aided by some good catching and ground work. In only the second over, Craig Spearman was caught at point by Ijaz Ahmed off Aqib Javed, the only change in the side from the one-off Test. With only 16 runs scored Wasim Akram took a catch off his own bowling to get rid of Nathan Astle. both the batsmen made only 5 runs each. With Waqar Younis and Mushtaq Ahmed brought into the attack in the ninth and tenth over, there were further heart-aches to follow. Stephen Fleming playing across to Waqar was leg before having made 15. Bryan young played onto his wicket when he attempted a drive off the same bowler and Adam Parore had his stumps shattered with a swinging Yorker. From 2 for 43, New Zealand slumped to 5 for 50. Had a difficult catch at the wicket off Waqar not dropped when Roger Twose had not even scored, things could have been rather gloomier for New Zealand. Twose, alongwith Chris Cairns, took the score to 92 adding 42 runs for the sixth wicket. A crafty delivery from Mushtaq found Cairns edge into the keepers gloves when he had made 18. When Lee Germon stepped out to drive Mushtaq, the ball found its way into the slips where Wasim Akram took a comfortable catch and Dipak Patel pulled Salim Malik to be caught at deep mid-wicket by Basit Ali. It was now left to Twose and Larsen to do or die. They did well to delay the demise and add 50 runs for the ninth wicket. Wasim Akram, back in the attack, hurried their end. New Zealand perished but not without credit. They did make a fight of it and Twose for his 59, his third successive half century against the tourists, did bring some respectability to the hosts in defeat. Pakistans batting earlier on was as much embarrassing. For the first wicket Ramiz Raja and Aamir Sohail put on 31 runs and for the third wicket 30 runs were added between Ramiz Raja and Inzamam-ul-Haq. In between there was not much to be proud of except that Rashid Latif chipped in with an unbeaten 26. Ramiz 35, Inzamam 32 were the other two batsmen who did show some resistance. Basit Ali and Wasim Akram were run out of direct throws from Adam Parore while taking quick singles. For Pakistan it was an uneventful innings. If not for the effort of its bowlers, the 1-0 lead in the four-match series would not have been possible. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951218 ------------------------------------------------------------------- New Zealand beat Pakistan in nail-biting finish ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmed CHRISTCHURCH, Dec.17: The second one-day turned out to be a cliff- hanger. New Zealand chasing a formidable target of 233 to win in 50 overs reached the target on the last ball of the day to beat Pakistan by one wicket and avenged their defeat suffered at Carisbrook. The match could have even ended in a tie had Wasim Akram not bowled the last ball of the day outside the off stump which Gavin Larsen steered towards boundary through the third man region. In fact it was the last over of the day which snatched the victory away from Pakistan. Nine runs were needed for a tie and ten for a win. The Pakistan captain would have been the last man to have allowed that to happen after nine wickets had already fallen and he had the ball all to himself to bowl New Zealand out or to contain them. Neither happened. The last man Danny Morrison picked up a leg-bye on the first ball. The next, a no-ball, was edged by Gavin Larsen past the keeper for two which was followed by a scorching drive through the covers for four. On the fourth delivery he survived a leg before appeal, the fifth did not produce any run, the sixth yielded another two runs off a no-ball to tie the game and the sixth was promptly sent to the ropes. Astonishingly it was the worst over that Wasim Akram bowled on this tour which let New Zealand off the hook. The last-over drama was preceded by an eventful over by Waqar Younis who is four balls had taken three wickets in his last over to bring Pakistan near to an exciting win. On his second delivery of his tenth and last over, he had Lee Germon caught at covers by Basit Ali for 5. On the fourth Dipak Patel was taken at deep point by Ijaz Ahmed without scoring and on the fifth ball he had Roger Twose caught at mid-off by Mushtaq Ahmed for 10. New Zealand after being 220 for 6 in the 49th over had slumped to 221 for 9. But the last over of the day changed all that. New Zealands victory bid was earlier aided by two very productive partnerships for the third and fifth wickets which yielded 77 and 97 runs respectively. After Aqib Javed had both Craig Spearman and Nathan Astle caught at the wicket by Rashid Latif with only 21 runs scored. Stephen Fleming and Bryan Young and taken the score to 98 before Fleming was the third man out having made 48 with five fours. Sweeping Aamir Sohail he was bowled round his legs. Two overs later Young also left when Wasim Akram at cover took a well-judged catch off the same bowler when 34. Adam Parore was then dropped at 16 by Basit Ali when he pulled Aamir Sohail to mid-wicket. New Zealand were then 133 for 4 in the 334th over. he and Chris Cairns batted steadily for 23 overs without hitting a single four to establish their match-winning stand of 97 for the fifth wicket. Wasim Akram dismissed them both but not before Parore had made 45 and Cairns 54. Victory for Pakistan seemed assured when Waqar Younis struck taking three wickets in one over. But in the end it was all in vain. Pakistan earlier on had decided to bat after winning the toss and had lost Aamir Sohail and Ramiz Raja both with 27 runs on the board. Sohail was caught at short cover by Spearman for 10 and Ramiz Raja provided Danny Morrison with his 100th wicket in the one-day internationals. Ijaz Ahmed missed a full toss from Cairns to be leg before for 14. But Inzamam-ul-Haq and Salim Malik batted sensibly to put on 114 runs for the fourth wicket. The Man of the Match Inzamam was bowled through his legs for a superb 80. He had hit six fours and a six off Larsen. Malik made 58 which was his first score of over fifty on the tour, faced 82 balls and appeared in great form before falling to Twose. Wasim Akram was yorked by Morrison for 10 in the 46th over and later Morrison had Rashid Latif, Waqar Younis and Basit Ali in one over to finish with 5 for 46, his best bowling in one-day matches. In his last spell he had four wickets in three overs for 18 runs. DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS*DWS 951221 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakistan beat N.Z. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Qamar Ahmad WELLINGTON, Dec.20: Pakistans 54-run victory in the third one-day international against New Zealand at the Basin Reserve was marred by act of indiscipline by two Pakistan players Aqib Javed and Mushtaq Ahmed, who were both fined by the Sri Lankan match referee Ranjan Madugalle. Aqib Javed was fined 50 per cent of his match fee and Mushtaq Ahmed 10 per cent for showing dissent to an opposing player and an umpire. The incidents occurred during a run chase by the New Zealand batsmen who were left to score a daunting 262 runs to take the lead in the four match series. Having won a leg before decision against Adam Parore by umpire Evan Watkin after the batsman had struck a four off him on the previous delivery, Aqib dashed down the wicket in his follow-through charging at the batsman in anger to tell him off in no uncertain manner as Parore turned to walk away. Aqibs team-mates had to restrains the bowler and had to hush him away in case he went out of control. And Mushtaq Ahmed, who was deprived of a caught and bowled decision against the New Zealand captain Lee Germon by umpire Evan Watkin, had signalled to umpire Steve Dunne to have a third umpire version of a stumping by Rashid Latif off him, after Dunne had categorically passed a judgement of the batsman Stephen Fleming being not out. In a way Mushtaq Ahmed was giving vent to his feeling of injustice after he was denied a wicket by umpire Watkin earlier. But he should have known better and should have behaved himself. After all the match was fully in Pakistans grip. It seems that Aqib Javed has not learnt his lesson from two earlier convictions by batch referees. This is Wasims third offence for which he has been penalised. Pakistan despite poor umpiring and even poorer fielding bowled New Zealand out for 207 after having scored 261 for 4 after being put in. Craig Spearman and Nathan Astle in only the eighth over had taken the score to 48 but then three wickets fell within four balls on that score and New Zealand lost their way. Spearman, who had struck three fours off Aqib Javed and two more later during his innings of 33, was caught one-handed by Aamir Sohail at cover off Wasim Akram and Bryan Young was out on the next ball. In the next over Astle hit one in the air to mid-off to be caught by Ramiz Raja off Aqib Javed. Wasim Akram was on a hat-trick in his next over but the bowled one outside the leg stump of Stephen Fleming. Roger Twose, who made 37 and was the seventh man out, should have been given out caught when he had not scored. A chest-high delivery was hooked to long-leg where Mushtaq took a brilliant catch but umpire Dunne in his own wisdom declared a no-ball. Anything over the batsmans shoulder is declared a no-ball, but that delivery from Waqar Younis was not. Twose and Fleming later put on 47 runs for the fifth wicket after Parore was dismissed by Aqib. In a mix-up Chris Cairns was run out and when Twose and Dipak Patel were also gone, New Zealand with 166 for 8 in the 37th over were already in the dump. Gavin Larsen survived only five deliveries but the last wicket stand of Germon and Morrison added 33 runs before New Zealand were all out. Earlier Pakistan after being put in were given a solid start of 51 runs by Aamir Sohail and Ramiz Raja. Ramiz was run out for 21 but Aamir Sohail in 83 balls scored 58 runs with the help of six fours to add 56 runs with Ijaz Ahmed before being bowled by Larsen. Ijaz Ahmed and Inzamam-ul-Haq later shared 31 runs for the third wicket. Inzamam, the dominant of the two, made a polished 54, his second successive so in the one-day series. There were six fours in his innings, which was attractive and entertaining. With Salim Malik who made 42 he also had added 79 very valuable runs for the fourth wicket. Malik and Wasim Akram later blasted 44 runs for the unbroken fifth wicket partnership. Wasims share of that stand being 36 glorious runs. In fifteen balls he had struck three fours and two sixes off Cairns and Morrison. Total for four wickets (50 overs) 261 Did not bat: B.Ali, R.Latif, M.Ahmed, W.Younis, Ata-ur-Rehman. Fall of wickets: 1-51 2-107 3-138 4-217 Result: Pakistan won by 54 runs. Man of the match: Wasim Akram Pakistan lead four match series 2-1. 33

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